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2.Concept

The document discusses the concept of agricultural extension, defining it as a non-formal education system aimed at improving the socio-economic conditions of rural communities through the dissemination of scientific knowledge and practices. It outlines the objectives of agricultural extension, which include enhancing living standards, providing better management knowledge, and fostering leadership among rural populations. The document emphasizes the importance of communication and education in facilitating the effective application of agricultural research and technology.

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3 views

2.Concept

The document discusses the concept of agricultural extension, defining it as a non-formal education system aimed at improving the socio-economic conditions of rural communities through the dissemination of scientific knowledge and practices. It outlines the objectives of agricultural extension, which include enhancing living standards, providing better management knowledge, and fostering leadership among rural populations. The document emphasizes the importance of communication and education in facilitating the effective application of agricultural research and technology.

Uploaded by

durjoy100009
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Concept of

Extension, Agricultural Extension, Meaning


and Objectives of Agricultural Extension

Debashish Sarker Dev


Assistant Professor, DAEE
Some terms

•Organic farming
•Peri Urban agriculture
•Subsistence farming
•Sustainable agriculture
•Vertical farming
•Hydroponics
•In vitro agriculture
•Climate smart agriculture
•Precision agriculture
Extension

• Ensminger, D. (1957): Extension is an education and


its purpose is to change the attitudes and practices
of the people with whom the work is done.

• Kelsey, L.D. and Hearne, C. C (1963) : Extension is


an out-of-school system of education, in which
adults and young people learn by doing. It is a
partnership among the government, the Land Grant
Colleges (farm colleges) and the people which
provides services and education designed to meet
the needs of the people.
Extension
• Extension is an on-going process that have two
dimensions:
Communication
Educational
• Communicate useful information to people
• Assist people to acquire the knowledge to use the
information or technology
- Extension or non-formal education can be used in agriculture
and non-agric. programs
Swanson and Claar, 1984
Research Centre ◄► Extension Personnel ◄► Problems of People.
• Extension is a process of disseminating useful scientific
information to the desired audience
• Summary of the definitions
1. It is a non-formal education system.
2. It aims at socio-economic development of the
individual and the community.
3. It provides linkage between extension
personnel, researchers and clients(farmers and rural
people).
4. It gathers, processes, stores and disseminates
information.
5. It is people -oriented, knowledge- based and
problem- focused.
Extension Education
• An applied science consisting of
 contents derived from researches
 accumulated field experiences and
 relevant principle drawn from the behavioral sciences,
 synthesized with useful technology,
 a body of philosophy, principles, contents and methods
 focusses on the problems of out of school education for
adults and youths.
J.P. Leagans (1961)
Agricultural Extension
• 1965: Agricultural extension has been described as a
system of out-of-school education for rural people.
(Saville, A.H., 1965)

• 1982: Agricultural Extension: Assistance to farmers to


help them identify and analyse their production problems
and become aware of the opportunities for improvement
(Adams, M.,1982)

• 1999: The essence of agricultural extension is to facilitate


interplay and nurture synergies within a total
information system involving agricultural research,
agricultural education and a vast complex of information-
providing businesses. (Neuchatel Group, 1999)
•Agricultural extension is known as the
application of scientific research and new
knowledge to agricultural practices through
farmer education

•Agricultural extension is an on-going process


that communicate useful information to the
people and assist them to use the information or
technology to improve the quality of their life,
their families and communities.
Swanson and Claar, 1984
Meaning of Agricultural Extension

According to Ensminger (1962), extension can be


expressed in the following ways-
1.It is an educational process. Extension is changing the
attitudes, knowledge and skill of the people;
2. Extension working with men and women, young
people, boys and girls to answer their need and the
wants.
3. Extension is teaching people what to want and ways
to satisfy their wants;
4. Extension is “helping people to help themselves”;
5. Extension is “learning by doing” and “seeing by is
believing”;
24-Oct-18 10
Meaning of Agricultural Extension
6. Extension is development of individuals, their
leaders, society and the world as a whole;
7. Extension is working together to expand the
welfare and happiness of people;
8. Extension is working in harmony with the culture
of people;
9. Extension is a relationship, respect and trust for
each other;
10.Extension is a two-way channel;
11.Extension is continuous, educational process.

24-Oct-18 11
Objectives of Extension

• Objectives are expression of the ends towards


which our efforts are directed.
• A specific result that a person or system aims to
achieve within a time frame and with available
resources
• The fundamental objective of extension is to
develop the rural people economically, socially and
culturally by means of education.

24-Oct-18 12
General Objectives:

Standard
of living
Planning and
Facilities implementing

Objectives
of
Extension

24-Oct-18 13
General Objectives:
•To raise the standard of living of the rural
people by helping them in right use of their
resources.
•To help in planning and implementing the
family and village plans for increasing
production in various occupations.

•To provide facilities for better family living.

24-Oct-18 14
Specific Objectives:
• To provide knowledge and help for better
management of farms and increase income.

• To encourage the farmers to grow his own food,


eat well and live well.

• To promote better social, natural, recreational,


intellectual and spiritual life among the people.

• To help rural families in better appreciation of


SWOT in their village.

24-Oct-18 15
• To open new opportunities for developing talents
and leadership of rural people.

• To build rural citizens who are:

i) Proud of their occupation.

ii) Independent in thinking.

iii) Constructive in outlook.

iv) Capable, efficient and self-reliant in character.

v) Having love of home and country in their heart

24-Oct-18 16

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