SAP

Finan
cial
Acco
untin
g
Glob Rohini Gadkari 1

al
 Following steps guides you to
configure financial global settings in SAP
FICO –

I. Define Fiscal year

II. Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year variant

III. Define variant for opening Posting period

IV. Define Variant for open and close posting period

V. Assign Variant to Company code

VI. Define Field status variant

VII. Assign Company code to Field Status Variants

VIII. Define Posting Keys

IX. Define Document types

X. Define Document Number Range

XI. Define Tolerance group for Users

Rohini Gadkari 2
I. Define Fiscal year

SAP Path: - SPRO –> IMG –> SAP Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Fiscal Year –>

Maintain Fiscal year variant

Transaction Code :- OB29

II. Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year variant

Rohini Gadkari 3
 SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> SAP Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Fiscal Year –>

Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year variant

Transaction Code :- OB37

III. Define variant for opening Posting period

Rohini Gadkari 4
 SAP Path :– SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –>

Posting Period –> Define variants for opening Posting period

Transaction Code: - OBBO

IV. Define Variant for open and close posting period

Rohini Gadkari 5
 SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> SAP Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –>

Posting Period –> open and close posting period

Transaction Code :- OB52

V. Assign Variant to Company code

Rohini Gadkari 6
 SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –>

Posting Period –> Assign Variants to Company code

Transaction Code :- OBBP

VI. Define Field status variant

Rohini Gadkari 7
 SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –> SAP

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –> Line

Item –> Controls –> Define Field status variants

Transaction Code :- OBC4

VII. Assign Company code to Field Status Variants

Rohini Gadkari 8
SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –> Line

Item –> Controls –> Assign Company code to Field Status

Variants

Transaction Code :- OBC5

Rohini Gadkari 9
VIII. Define Posting Keys

SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –> Line

Item –> Controls –> Define Posting Keys

Transaction Code :- OB41

IX. Define Document types

Rohini Gadkari 10
 SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –>

Document Header –> Define Document types

Transaction Code :- OBA7

X. Define Document Number Range

Rohini Gadkari 11
 SAP Path :– SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –>

Document Header –>Document Number Range –> Define

Document Number Range

Transaction Code :- OBA7

XI. Define Tolerance group for Users

Rohini Gadkari 12
SAP Path :- SPRO –> IMG –> Financial Accounting –>

Financial Accounting Global Settings –> Documents –> Line

Item –> Controls –> Define Tolerance group for Users

Transaction Code :- OBA4

Rohini Gadkari 13
SAP FI – Financial Accounting Global Settings
1. Activate new General Ledger Accounting
2. Maintain Fiscal Year Variant
3. Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant
4. Define variants for Open Posting Periods
5. Open and Close Posting Periods
6. Assign Posting Period Variant to Company Code
7. Define Field Status Variants
8. Assign Company Code to Field Status Variants
9. Define Posting Keys
10. Define Document Types
11. Define Document Number Ranges
12. Define Tolerance Group for Employees
13. Define Tolerance Group for G/L Accounts
14. Assign Users to Tolerance Group
15. Global Parameters for Company Code
16. Define Additional Local Currencies for Company code

Activate New General Ledger Accounting in SAP

The activation of new general ledger (G/L) accounting in SAP ERP
SAP system enables the activation of new general ledger
accounting functionality in SAP system.
New General Ledger Accounting in SAP – Scenarios
 When you activate the new G/L accounting, it replaces the
financial accounting with Financial Accounting (New).
 If you are already using the classic financial accounting, you
need to migrate all production data before the activation of new
general ledger accounting in SAP system.
 After activation of new G/L, all the classic general ledger tables
details will be automatically updated to new general ledger
accounting tables.

How to activate new general ledger accounting in SAP

You can activate new G/L accounting in SAP by using one of the
following navigation method
 Transaction code: FAGL_Activation
 Menu Path: SAP IMG -> Financial Accounting -> Financial
Accounting global settings -> Activate new general ledger
accounting.
Rohini Gadkari 14
Step 1: Enter the sap transaction code “FAGL_Activation” in the
SAP command field and press enter.
A single Fiscal Year Variant can be assigned for multiple company codes.
The link between Fiscal Year Variant and Company Code is established
through assigning Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant.
Important points to be remembered
1. All the fiscal year variants are to be assigned with the company code before any
transactions.
2. You can also assign company code to fiscal year variant directly through global
parameters setting (Tcode OBY6)
3. After the assignment of fiscal year variant FYV to company code, you can post
transaction codes to a company code.

Posting Period Variants in SAP

The Posting Period Variants ( PPV ) in SAP are used to control
which accounting period is to be open & close for postings and
ensuring that the closed periods remains balanced and reconciled.
We can assign posting period variants to one or more company
codes.
Important Points – Posting Period Variants Scenarios
1. Posting Periods can be opened and closed for all company codes
in SAP by the PPV.
2. Posting period variant controls what period to be open and what
to be close for a particular company code in SAP.
3. One posting period can be assigned to one or more company
codes as per requirements.

What are Open and Close Posting periods

The posting periods can be maintained as per account type and the year
which is to be open & which is to closed. The Posting Period Variant is used
to control which accounting period is to be open for posting and ensuring
that closed periods are remain balanced and reconciled.

Important Points – Open and Close Posting Periods in SAP

1. Posting period variant (PPV) manages to open and close posting
periods in SAP System.
Rohini Gadkari 15
2. PPV controls the posting periods what to be open and close for a
particular company code.

2. A:– Select Account Type ( A )

+ = Valid for all Account Types (masking)
A = Assets
D = Customers (A/R)
K = Vendors (A/P)
M = Materials
S = General Ledger Accounts.

3.From Account:- Keep Blank

4.To Account:– Update Account
5. From Period 1:– Enter Starting Period
6.Year:- Enter Year
7.To Period:– Enter Ending Period
8.Year:– Enter Year
9.From Period 2:– Enter First Special Period
10.Year:– Enter Year
11.To Period:- Enter Special Period
12.Year:- Enter Year
13.Authorization group ( AuGr ):- You can assign authorization groups in
which some periods can only be opened for particular users.
14. Click on save icon to save the defined open and close posting periods
Thus Open and Close Posting Periods are configured in SAP.

Define Field Status Variant (FSV) in SAP

1. Standard SAP system delivers the FSV, and you can copy the
standard FSV and make the changes per organizational
requirements.
2. In the SAP system, field status will have 3 options,
i.e., Suppressed, Required Entry, and Optional Entry.
3. When field status is suppressed – then the field will be in hidden
4. When field status is required – you need to enter the details in
that particular field. The system doesn’t allow you to proceed
further without entering the details in that field.
5. When field status is optional, you can enter the details or leave
that field as blank.

Rohini Gadkari 16
Field Status Group
The field status group specifies which fields are ready for
input, which are required entry fields, and which are hidden when
entering documents.
Description and Configuration values of Field Status Group
FStGrou
p Text
G001 General (with text, assignment)
G003 Material consumption accounts
G004 Cost accounts
G005 Bank accounts (obligatory value date)
G006 Material accounts
Asset accts (w/o accumulated
G007 depreciation)
G008 Assets area clearing accounts
G009 Bank accounts (obligatory due date)
Clearing accounts (with settlement
G011 per.)
G012 Receivables/payables clearing
G013 General (obligatory text)
G014 MM adjustment accounts
Freight/customs provisions/clearing
G017 (MM)
G018 Scrapping (MM)
G019 Other Receivables/Payables
G023 Plant maintenance accounts
G025 Inventory adjustment accounts
G026 Accounts for down payments made
G029 Revenue accounts
G030 Change in stock accounts
G031 Accounts for down payments received

G032 Bank accounts (obligat. value/due

Rohini Gadkari 17
 dates)
G033 Cost accounts for external services
G036 Revenue accts (with cost center, PA)
Accts for pmnts on acct made for
G039 assets
G040 Personnel clearing accounts
G041 Tax office clearing accounts
Goods/invoice received clearing
G045 accounts
G049 Manufacturing costs accounts
G050 Central control clearing accounts
G052 Accounts for fixed asset retirement
G056 Amortization accounts
Inventory accounting material stock
G059 acct
G062 Investment support accounts
G064 Other cost accounts (obligatory text)
G067 Reconciliation accounts

Prerequisites to assign company code Field Status Variants in SAP

 Define company code in SAP
 Define Field Status Variant in SAP
Assign company code to field status variants in SAP
In this SAP Tutorial, you will learn how to assign company code to field
status variants in SAP step by step.
Scenarios
1. You can assign company code to field status variants by using
these configuration steps through SAP T-code OBC5.
2. Or you can directly assign company code to field status variant
from company code global parameters.

Rohini Gadkari 18
Define Posting Keys in SAP
Posting Keys: – Posting key in SAP is a two digits numerical key that
determines the type of transaction entered in a line item.
Posting Keys – Scenarios
1. Standard SAP system delivers the standard posting keys, and you can use the
standard posting and modify or change as per business organization
requirements
2. Posting keys in SAP controls the entries in a line item of document entries.
3. It determines the account type to post, i.e., the amount should be posted on the
debit side or credit side.
Posting Keys Determines:-
1. Account Types ( A, D, K, M, S )
2. Type of postings, i.e., Debit or Credit
Account Types in SAP:-
1. Assets
2. General Ledger
3. Customer
4. Vendor
5. Material
Account Type Customer posting keys:-
Posting Account Type
Key Description Debit/Credit
1 Invoice Customer Debit
Reverse credit
2 memo Customer Debit
3 Bank charges Customer Debit
4 Other receivables Customer Debit
5 Outgoing payment Customer Debit
Payment
6 difference Customer Debit

Other
7 clearings Customer Debit
8 Payment clearing Customer Debit
9 Special G/L debit Customer Debit
11 Credit memo Customer Credit
12 Reverse invoice Customer Credit

13 Reverse charges Customer Credit

Rohini Gadkari 19
14 Other payables Customer Credit
15 Incoming payment Customer Credit
Payment
16 difference Customer Credit

Other
17 clearings Customer Credit
18 Payment clearing Customer Credit

Account Type General Ledger Posting Keys

Posting Account Type
Key Description Debit/Credit
40 Debit entry G/L Debit
50 Credit entry G/L Credit
Stock initial
80 entry G/L Debit
81 Costs G/L Debit
Price
83 difference G/L Debit
84 Consumption G/L Debit
Change in
85 stock G/L Debit
86 GR/IR debit G/L Debit
Stock initial
90 entry G/L Credit
91 Costs G/L Credit
Price
93 difference G/L Credit
94 Consumption G/L Credit
Change in
95 stock G/L Credit
96 GR/IR credit G/L Credit

Account Type Asset Posting Keys

Posting Descriptio Debit/
Rohini Gadkari 20
Key n Credit
Debit
70 Asset Debit
Credit
75 Asset Credit

Account Type Material Posting Keys

Posting Account Type
Key Description Debit/Credit
Stock inward
89 movement Material Debit
Stock outward
99 movement Material Credit

Account Type Vendor Posting Keys

Posting Account Type
Key Description Debit/Credit
21 Credit memo Vendor Debit
22 Reverse invoice Vendor Debit
24 Other receivables Vendor Debit
25 Outgoing payment Vendor Debit
Payment
26 difference Vendor Debit
27 Clearing Vendor Debit
28 Payment clearing Vendor Debit
29 Special G/L debit Vendor Debit
31 Invoice Vendor Credit
Reverse credit
32 memo Vendor Credit
34 Other payables Vendor Credit
35 Incoming payment Vendor Credit
Payment
36 difference Vendor Credit

Other
37 clearings Vendor Credit

38 Payment clearing Vendor Credit

Rohini Gadkari 21
39 Special G/L credit Vendor Credit

Prerequisites to assign company code Field Status Variants in SAP

 Define company code in SAP
 Define Field Status Variant in SAP

Assign company code to field status variants in SAP

In this SAP Tutorial, you will learn how to assign company code to field
status variants in SAP step by step.
Scenarios
1. You can assign company code to field status variants by using
these configuration steps through SAP T-code OBC5.
2. Or you can directly assign company code to field status variant
from company code global parameters.

Define Document types:- Document types are defined at the client level,
so document types are applied for all company codes. Document type key is
used to classify accounting documents and distinguish between business
transactions to be posted.
Standard SAP system delivers the standard document types. So we
can use these standard document types or define new document
types as per business requirements.
Document Types Determines:-
 Define Number ranges for documents
 It controls Account types allowed for postings, e.g., Assets, vendor, Customer,
Normal Gl Account.
 Document type that to be used for reversal postings.
Document Types Description:-
Document Document Type
Type Description
AA Asset posting
AB Accounting document
AF Dep. postings
AN Net asset posting
DG Customer credit memo

Rohini Gadkari 22
DR Customer invoice
DA Customer document
DZ Customer payment
EU Euro rounding diff.
EX External number
KA Vendor document
KG Vendor credit memo
KN Net vendors
KP Account maintenance
KQ Transporter Invoice
KR Vendor invoice
KZ Vendor payment
KS Contract Invoice
KV Raw Material Payment
KW Contractor Payment
KX Transporter Payment
KY Stores Payment
ML ML settlement
PR Price change
RA Sub.cred.memo stlmt
RE Invoice – gross
RN Invoice – net
RV Billing doc.transfer
SA G/L account document
SB G/L account posting
SK Cash document
SU Adjustment document
UE Data transfer
WA Goods issue
WE Goods receipt
Rohini Gadkari 23
 WI Inventory document
WL Goods issue/delivery
WN Net goods receipt
ZP Payment posting
ZR Bank reconciliation
ZS Payment by check
ZV Payment clearing

Document number ranges are defined at the specific interval within which documents
should be created in SAP. Document number ranges depend upon company code and
are valid for the defined year. We can assign one or more document types to each
number range. The number range becomes effective by the document type specified in
document entry and posting.

Steps to Define Document Number Ranges in SAP

T-Code to Maintain document number ranges:- FBN1

The Authorization is given to the employees for the maximum amount

permitted per transaction in SAP. The tolerance group for
Employees determines the maximum document amount the employees are
authorized to post. The maximum amount can enter as a line item in a Vendor
account or customer account.
A tolerance group is created and assigned to the employees.

Steps to Define Tolerance group for employees:-

Transaction Code for Define Tolerance Group for Employees:- OBA4
IMG Menu Path:- SAP Implementation Guide –> Financial A/C –> G/L
Accounting –> Business transactions –> Open Item Clearing –> Clearing
Differences –> Define tolerance group for employees

Rohini Gadkari 24
How to Assign Users to Tolerance
Groups in SAP
In this SAP Online Tutorials, you will learn how to assign users to
tolerance groups in SAP system.
The Assignment of users to tolerance group enables to process the payment
as per the defined tolerance limits. The users are allowed to clear the
payment difference as per the tolerance limit.
Access the transaction by using the following navigation method.
 IMG –> Financial Accounting –> General Ledger
Accounting –> Business Transactions –> Open item
clearing –> Clearing Differences –> Assign User
to Tolerance Groups.
 Transaction code : OB57

Enter Global Parameters

SAP IMG Path : – SPRO -> SAP Reference IMG (F5) -> SAP
Customizing Implementation Guide -> Financial Accounting -
> Financial Accounting Global Settings -> Company Code -> Enter
Global Parameters.
Transaction Code: – OBY6
Update the following fields.

> Chart of accounts: – chart of accounts is a list of GL

accounts master record that are used by the organisation. A chart
of accounts must be assigned to each company code and it is
defined at client level.
> Country charts/Accounts:-Enter country chart of accounts if
the company code that you configured has a special country or
statutory chart of accounts.
> Company: – Company is the organisational unit for which
individual financial statements can be drawn according to the
relevant commercial law. A company can comprise of one or
more company codes and it has local currencies in which its
transactions are recorded.

Rohini Gadkari 25
 > FM Area: – Enter Financial management (FM) area key if you
are using funds management and it is used for function of the
treasury module.

> Credit Control Area: – Enter your credit control area key for
your company code. It controls the credit limits for your customers.
> Fiscal Year variant: – Fiscal year variant is used to define the
fiscal year , it contains 12 normal posting periods and 4 special
periods. We can define maximum 16 posting periods for each year.
Special periods are used for Year-end activities.
> Company code is productive:- This settings is applicable for
your production client., it is not possible to delete transaction data
from the SAP system after you set your company code is as
productive.
> Vat. Registration no: – Enter vat (value added tax) registration
number here.
> Posting period variant: – The Posting Period Variant is used to
control which accounting period is to be open for posting and
ensuring that closed periods are remain balanced and reconciled.
> Propose value date:- Select this indicator to make the current
date as default date by the system. The valued date is used
for accounts payable, accounts receivable and treasury
transactions.
> Max. Exchange rate deviation: – Enter maximum exchange
rate percentage in which a foreign currency transactions can
deviate from the rates enter in the exchange rate table.

Define additional local currencies

The following SAP training tutorials guides how to define additional
local currencies for company code step by step. In our previous
training tutorials we have learnt how to enter global parameters for
company code.
You maintain additional local currencies for company code by using
one of the following transaction navigation method.
 SAP IMG Path: – SPRO > IMG > Financial Accounting >
Financial Accounting and global settings > Company code >
Parallel currencies > Define Additional local currencies.
 Transaction code: – OB22
 Company code: – Update the company code that you want to
configure, after updating company code press enter.
Rohini Gadkari 26
 Ist local currency: – After updating your company code, the
1st currency field automatically fills with all the details of your
company code currency that you enter during company
code definition.
 2nd local currency: – Every company code can have two
parallel currencies, you can get here more details about
currencies. Update the following details.
 Currency type: – Update the parallel currency type that
you want to configure, possible currency types are hard
currency, group currency, index based currency and
Global company currency.
 Ex rate type: – Update the Ex rate type that determines
how the foreign currencies are valued at the time of
currency translation and revaluation.
 Source currency: – Update the currency that
determines the foreign currency to be translated against
the source currency.
 Translation date type: – Update the specific translation
type as per organization requirement. It determines the
foreign currency to be translated based on document
type, posting date and translation date.
rd
 3 local currency: – Update the 3rd local currency for
company, here we are updating group currency as 3rd
currency

Rohini Gadkari 27