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Physiology (15-16)

The document outlines the syllabus for a theoretical paper on endocrinology, reproductive physiology, developmental biology, nutrition, and social physiology. It details the topics covered in each unit, including the classification and functions of endocrine glands, reproductive processes, and the significance of nutrition and social health issues. The assessment structure is also described, indicating the distribution of questions from each unit.

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Rahul
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10 views2 pages

Physiology (15-16)

The document outlines the syllabus for a theoretical paper on endocrinology, reproductive physiology, developmental biology, nutrition, and social physiology. It details the topics covered in each unit, including the classification and functions of endocrine glands, reproductive processes, and the significance of nutrition and social health issues. The assessment structure is also described, indicating the distribution of questions from each unit.

Uploaded by

Rahul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PART – III

Theoretical
PAPER – V (F.M. 100)

UNIT : 09 (50 MARKS)

1. General Endocrinology I :

Classification of endocrine glands and hormones. Methods of study of endocrine functions.


Hypothalamus as a neuroendocrine organ. Anterior and posterior pituitary -- histological structure of
the gland. Chemical nature, mode of action, functions and regulation of secretion of their hormones.
Hypo- and hyperactive states of the gland. Pineal gland – histological structure. Chemical nature,
biosynthesis, mode of actions, functions and regulation of secretion of melatonin. (14 Lectures)

2. General Endocrinology II :

Thyroid and parathyroid -- histological structure of the glands. Chemical nature, mode of
action, functions and regulation of secretion of the hormones. Hypo- and hyperactive states of the
glands. Thymus -- histological structure of the gland. Chemical nature, mode of action and functions
of thymic hormones. (12 Lectures)

3. General Endocrinology III :


Adrenal cortex and medulla -- histological structure of the gland. Chemical nature, mode of
action, functions and regulation of secretion of the hormones. Biosynthesis and catabolism of
catecholamines. Hypo- and hyperactive states of the gland. Heart as an endocrine organ.
Prostaglandins and Kinins. (12 Lectures)

4. General Endocrinology IV :

Pancreatic islets -- histological structure. Chemical nature, mode of action, functions


and regulation of secretion of the hormones. Hormonal control of blood sugar.
Hyperinsulinism and diabetes mellitus. Growth factors –EGF, TGF, PDGF, IGF and FGF.
Chemical nature, mode of action, functions. Gastro-intestinal hormones -- Chemical nature, mode
of action, functions and regulation of secretion of the hormones. (14 Lectures)

5. Chronobiology :

Different types of physiological rhythms – ultradian, circadian, infradian. Different zeitgebers


and their relation with circadian clock. Hormonal biorhythms and their significance: adrenocortical,
pineal and prolactin. Body temperature rhythm. Neural basis of biological clock and role of
suprachiasmatic nuclei. Sleep-wakefulness cycle.Time keeping genes. Jet-lag and shift work.
(08 Lectures)

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UNIT : 10 (50 MARKS)

1.Reproductive Physiology I :

Primary and accessory sex organs and secondary sex characters. Histology of testis. Endocrine
functions of testis. Spermatogenesis. Hypothalamic control of testicular functions. Histology of ovary.
Ovarian hormones and their functions. Oogenesis and ovulation. Formation and functions of corpus
luteum. Hypothalamic control of ovarian functions. Physiology of puberty. (14 Lectures)

2. Reproductive Physiology II :

Estrous cycle. Menstrual cycle and its regulation. Abnormalities in menstrual cycle.
Onset of menopause and post-menopausal changes. Structure and functions of placenta. Maintenance
of pregnancy and the bodily changes during pregnancy. Parturition. Pregnancy tests. Development of
mammary glands, lactation and their hormonal control. (14 Lectures)

3. Developmental Biology :

Basic concepts of stem cells : Totipotency, Differentiation - Committed stem cell.


Fertilization, Blastulation, Implantation,Gastrulation, Placentation. Development of alimentary canal,
heart, urinary system and genital system. Foetal circulation. Ossification of bone.
(12 Lectures)
4. Nutrition and Dietetics :

Constituents of food and their significance. Basal metabolic rate -factors, determination by
Benedict-Roth apparatus. Respiratory quotient. Specific dynamic action. Calorific value of foods.
Body calorie requirements – adult consumption unit. Dietary requirements of carbohydrate,
protein, lipid and other nutrients. Balanced diet and principles of formulation of balanced diets for
growing child, adult man and woman, pregnant woman and lactating woman. Nitrogen balance,
essential amino acids, biological value of proteins – measurement and factors affecting. Proteins
sparers. Supplementary value of protein. Protein efficiency ratio and net protein utilization of dietary
proteins. Dietary fibres. Principle of diet survey. Composition and nutritional value of common food
stuffs. Physiology of starvation and obesity. (12 Lectures)

5. Social Physiology :

Population problem – principles and methods of family planning,. Problem of


infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Malnutrition – PCM, marasmus,
kwashiorkor, marasmic kwashiorkor, endemic goiter, nutritional anemias, rickets,
osteomalacia, xeropthalmia, beriberi and their social implications. Principles and social
importance of immunization against diseases. Epidemiology and prevention of cholera,
malaria, hepatitis and AIDS. (08 Lectures)

DISTRIBUTION OF QUESTIONS IN THEORETICAL PAPERS

1. From each unit, five questions of 10 marks each with one alternative are to be set from the
same sub-unit . The 10 marks question may be subdivided.

2. Candidates have to attempt all five questions from each unit amongst the alternatives.

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