ENVIRONMENT HEALTH

AND SAFTY
PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL
HAZARDS (7443)
Supplementary Material
Spring, 2024

ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY

Department of Nutritional Sciences & Environmental Design

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 ALLAMA IQRAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
Department of Environmental Design, Health & Nutritional Sciences

WARNING
1. PLAGIARISM OR HIRING OF GHOST WRITER(S) FOR SOLVING
THE ASSIGNMENT(S) WILL DEBAR THE STUDENT FROM AWARD
OF DEGREE/CERTIFICATE, IF FOUND AT ANY STAGE.
2. SUBMITTING ASSIGNMENT(S) BORROWED OR STOLEN FROM
OTHER(S) AS ONE’S OWN WILL BE PENALIZED AS DEFINED IN
“AIOU PLAGIARISM POLICY”.

Course: Physical & Physiological Hazards (7443) Semester: Spring, 2024

Level: PGD
Please read the following instructions for writing your assignments.
(AD, BS, BEd, MA/MSc, MEd) (ODL Mode)
1. All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks but within a question, the
marks are distributed according to its requirements.
2. Read the question carefully and then answer it according to the requirements of
the question.
3. Avoid irrelevant discussion/information and reproducing from books, study
guide or allied material.
4. Hand written scanned assignments are not acceptable. However, the students who
attempt their assignments in Urdu/Arabic may upload a scanned copy of their
hand written assignments (in PDF format) on University LMS. The size of the
file should not exceed 5 MB.
5. Upload your typed (in Word or PDF format) assignments on or before the due date.
6. Your own analysis and synthesis will be appreciated.
7. Late assignments can’t be uploaded at LMS.
Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks: 50
Assignment No. 1
(Units: 1-4)
Q.1 Physical setting have direct effects on the Psychological Environment. Discuss in
detail with appropriate examples. (20)

Q.2 What is substance misuse at workplace? Explain the types of substance misuse
and its reporting mechanism at workplace? (20)

Q.3 Critically analyze the risk factors for work at heights and how to prevent falls and
falling materials at work-heights? (20)

Q.4 Explain workplace traffic environment layout? What are the risks associated with
workplace transport operations? (20)

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Q.5 Discuss in detail the risk of working at heights and its control measures. (20)

Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks: 50

Assignment- 2
(Units: 5-9)
Q.1 How high-level noise can lead to poor job performance? Why the effects of the
Exposure to occupational noise are larger for men than for women in developing
countries? (20)

Q.2 Explain different types of radiations and its sources. How workers can keep
themselves safe from Ionizing and non-ionizing Radiation? (20)

Q.3 Define psychological Processes. Discuss in detail the most basic Psychological
Processes. (20)

Q.4 How educational programmes can be designed to promote the EHS responsible
behavior? (20)

Q.5 Visit any industry in your nearby industrial zone and develop a questionnaire
regarding personal space to see the satisfaction level of the personals. Provide
your recommendations with reference to your case study. Prepare a report and at
least 10 power point slides to present in the online class on Aaghi portal. (20)

General Instructions
1. Assignment 2, Q 5 is of a practical nature, you have to prepare a report and
present it.
2. The presentation component is mandatory for all the students. You cannot sit in
the final examination without completing this project and presenting it.
3. Your report should cover both theoretical and practical components.
4. Include the following sections in your report:
a. Introduction and objectives of your study
b. Field research strategy/methodology
c. Review of relevant literature
d. Graphical representations
e. Analysis/Conclusion/Suggestions
f. Appendices/Bibliography

5. As the student is supposed to do a presentation to the resource person and course

mates, he should prepare slides or other illustrative material for effective
presentation.
6. You are advised to consult with source material frequently as you undertake your
design project. If you need any guidance you may contact your tutor or write to
the Program/Course Coordinators.

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PHYSICAL & PSYCHOLOGICAL HAZARDS
COURSE OUTLINE

REFERENCE BOOKS:

I. Collins, L. R., & Schneid, T. D. (2001). Physical hazards of the workplace. CRC Press.
2. Quick, J. C. E., & Tetrick, L. E. (2011). I landbook of occupational health psychology.
American Psychological Association
3. Steg, L. (2018). Environmental Psychology: An introduction. Wiley-Blackwell.

Unit — 1: Welfare Requirements:

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Welfare provision
1.3 Work Environment Requirement (Physical & Psychological)
1.4 The Effect of Exposure to Extremes of Temperature

Unit — 2: Substance misuse at work:

2.1 Types of Substances Misused at Work
2.2 Risks to Health and Safety from Substance Misuse at work
2.3 Control Measures to Reduce Risks from Substance Misuse at work
2.4 Reporting mechanism for misuse of substances in workplace
2.5 Awareness and training

Unit —3: Working at height:

3.1 Examples for Work at Height
3.2 Risks Factors for Work at I leight
3.3 Controlling the Risks of Work at Height
3.4 Methods of Avoiding Work at Height
3.5 Preventing Falls and Falling Materials
3.6 Minimizing Distance and Consequences of a Fall

Unit — 4: Transport hazards, Risks and controls:

4.1 Risks Associated with Workplace Transport Operations
4.2 Workplace Transport Control Measures
4.3 The Workplace Environment
4.4 Managing Work related Road Safety

Unit — 5: Noise & Vibration:

5.1 The Effects of Exposure to Noise & vibrations
5.2 The Assessment of Noise Exposure
5.3 Noise & vibration Exposure Standards
5.4 Basic Noise & vibration Control Measure

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 Unit — 6: Radiation:
6.1 The Types of Radiation and their I lealth Effects
6.2 Non-Ionizing Radiation
6.3 Ionizing Radiation
6.4 Basic radiation Protection Strategies
6.5 Role of Monitoring and Health Surveillance

Unit — 7: Environment — Behavior Theories: Psychological Implications

7.1 Psychological Processes
7.2 Adaptation
7.3 Arousal
7.4 Information Overload
7.5 Environmental Stress

Unit — 8: Personal Space & Behavioral Determinants

8.1 Functions of Personal Space
8.2 Consequences of Personal Space Invasion
8.3 Territory & Aggression
8.4 Design Implications

Unit — 9: Stress & Stress Management:

9.1 The Meaning of Work-Related Stress
9.2 Effects of Psychological Stress
9.3 Causes and Control Measures
9.4 Training to control Psychological Stress
9.5 Motivation

Student Guide
Dear student,
Assal am -o- A I ai kum,
We welcome you to the PGD in Environment Health and Safety course entitled "Physical
and Psychological Hazards". This course is the part of your PGD program. For
introduction to the course please go through the guidelines provided here for successful
completion. In order to understand the course content, it is vital to know its aims and
objectives properly. Let’s go through its aims and objectives first.

Course Objectives
1. To develop an understanding of the phenomena of physical & psychological
hazards.
2. To impart the nature of workplace and domestic risks associated with ability to
transform into hazards and disasters.
3. To devise controlling and mitigation measures for hazards of physical &
psychological nature.

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Details of the Course
Unit no. 1 describes the safe working requirements regarding physical and psychological
hazards at work place.
Unit no. 2 explain the health & safety risks from substance misuse at workplace and its
control measures.
Unit no. 3 describes the risks associated with work at height and methods to reduce and
avoid risk.
Unit no. 4 elucidates the effective workplace transport operation system to manage work
related road safety.
Unit no. 5 focuses on types of risk associated with Noise and Vibration exposure.
Unit no. 6 helps to understand different types of radiation and their health effects at work
place.
Unit no. 7 explains Environment-Behavior theories: Psychological Implications.
Unit no. 8 describes functions of Personal space and consequence of Personal space
invasion.
Unit no. 9 helps to understand work related Psychological stress, causes and its control
measures.
This course will therefore, inculcate the basic information of occupational health and
safety including basic requirements of national and international standards that govern
occupational health and safety.
Part Time Tutors
Students have been allocated a part time tutor. The name and address of your tutor will be
provided to you. The tutor will help and guide you in studying the books and conducting
activities related to study units. You are expected to take full advantage of the tutor's
knowledge and experience. These tutors are also responsible for marking your
assignments. Make all efforts to complete your written assignment according to the
prescribed schedule and try your level best to attend all the study sessions according to
the timetable provided to you. Schedule for lecture sessions have been arranged online on
LMS Aaghai portal on weekly basis. Try to attend these sessions regularly to get proper
guidance from your tutor.
Assignments
The course includes two assignments, which are compulsory for successful completion of
the whole course. Each assignment is of 100 marks and out of these students obtaining 40
marks will be declared pass.
Assignment no. l& 2 are theory based and must reach your assigned tutor before the due
date. The schedule of submitting the assignments is provided separately. Please follow
the schedule and upload soft copy of your assignments accordingly so that tutors are able
to submit result accordingly.

Method of Study
Study period of 16 weeks has been allocated for studying this course through blended
learning (online mode) whereas 17th and 18th weeks are kept for general assessment and
for final examination.

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 Units Assignments Study period
1-2 4 weeks
3-5 Assignment 1 4 weeks
6-7 2 weeks
8-9 2 weeks
Revision Assignment 2 4 weeks
Preparation for examination 2 weeks

You are expected to spend four weeks on studying first two units, this will help to
improve your reading speed and get familiar with the contents o Ithe units. The next three
units 3 to 5 will become easier for you and you will be able to study them in
comparatively less time. You can spend four weeks on studying these four units, during
the ninth week you can study the unit no.6 & 7 and during the tenth week you must
complete your first assignment and upload this on Aaghi portal.
Unit 8 to 9 can be studied during 11' and 12th week respectively and you can complete
your second assignment along with the revision of your book during the weeks 13-16.
The last two weeks will be kept for examination and its preparation.
Final Examination
At the end of the course there will be a final examination, all the students will be
expected to take this examination in the examination halls especially established for this
purpose.
For any queries, you can write to the course / program coordinator. Suggestions for
improvement will also be welcomed.

We wish you all the best.

Course Coordinator
Department of Environmental Design, Health and Nutritional Sciences
Allama lqbal Open University,
11-8, Islamabad.
Tutor Guide
Dear tutor,
Students enrolled in PGD Environment Health and Safety offered through the blended
learning (online) system belong to a number of professions and have a variety of
educational backgrounds and experience. These students have very limited contact with
their course mates and the part time tutors. It is therefore important to keep in mind that
some of the blended-learning students have had no links with education during the past
few years after completing their formal education therefore they might lack confidence.
Secondly blended-learning students are involved in studying during their spare time,
probably after office hours. You are therefore requested to guide and help the students
while keeping these issues in mind. Some students may need help in developing
professional attitudes as well as understanding the facts about environmental, health and
safety.

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Assignments
In the online Aaghi LMS system, studying the course units has its own importance but
assignments are the major source of link between tutor and the student. Therefore it is
important to offer your comments through these assignments. Express your views in
such a way that the student is not discouraged hurt or feels depress after going through
your comments. You are also expected to guide on issues like methods of solving
assignments, effective methods of studying and methods to improve study habits and
working hard. It is anticipated that the student will submit their assignments in time on
Aaghi LMS portal according to the prescribed schedule.

You are therefore requested to mark the assignments and upload on Aaghi LMS
portal prior the last date provided by University.

Marking guides are provided to you. You are expected to follow the instructions and
make full use of these guides while marking the assignments. The students are expected
to avoid giving unnecessary details and try to be brief and comprehensive. While marking
the assignments the tutor has to assess whether the students have followed the
instructions provided to them or not. The students are given another assignment which is
based on small field activity which student will be representing their work in the lectures
held at the end of the semester. The students are required to submit their assignment
online through Aaghi LMS to you before it is presented.
Marking Guide
It is anticipated that the tutors mark the assignments carefully and follow the similar
marking standard for all the students. For the theory based assignments you are requested
to follow the marks division as indicated on the assignment, making a total °Ione hundred
for each Assignment.
The questions that are further divided into parts a, b etc. accompany a further division of
marks as well. For marking of assignments, the allocation of marks is indicated as under:

S. No Assignment No. Component Total Marks

01 01 Theoretical 100
Questions 200
02 02 Presentation 100
03 Attendance Presentation and 70%
attendance is
mandatory
Teachers are expected to stick to the guidelines provided to maintain the standardization
and uniformity.