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Week 4 Normal Distribution for GE 4

The document explains the concept of normal distribution, a statistical pattern characterized by a bell-shaped curve, where the mean, median, and mode are equal. It outlines key characteristics, such as symmetry, area under the curve, and the empirical rule, which helps in calculating probabilities. Additionally, it provides examples of calculating z-values for specific income levels within a normally distributed dataset.

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4 views19 pages

Week 4 Normal Distribution for GE 4

The document explains the concept of normal distribution, a statistical pattern characterized by a bell-shaped curve, where the mean, median, and mode are equal. It outlines key characteristics, such as symmetry, area under the curve, and the empirical rule, which helps in calculating probabilities. Additionally, it provides examples of calculating z-values for specific income levels within a normally distributed dataset.

Uploaded by

miyarishin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Normal Distribution:

Normal Distribution
➢ A normal distribution is a very
important statistical data
distribution pattern occurring in
many natural phenomena, such as
height, blood pressure, lengths of
objects produced by machines, etc.
➢ Certain data, when graphed as a
histogram (data on the horizontal
axis, amount of data on the vertical
axis), creates a bell-shaped curve
known as a normal curve, or
normal distribution.
Characteristics of a Normal Distribution:
1. The normal curve is bell-shaped and has a single peak at the exact
center of the distribution.
2. The sum of the area under the normal curve is 1.
3. The mean, median, and mode of the distribution are equal and
located at the peak.
4. Half the area under the curve is above and half is below this center
point (peak).
5. The normal probability distribution is symmetrical about its mean.
6. It is asymptotic - the curve gets closer and closer to the x-axis but
never actually touches it.
( Tall Distribution )

( Normal Distribution )

( Flat Distribution )
NOTE!
• You can also have normal distributions with
the same means but different standard
deviations.
• You can also have normal distributions with
the same standard deviation but with different
means.
• You can also have normal distributions with
different means and different standard
deviations.
Emperical Rule Using the empirical rule of a normal
distribution, approximately :

49.87 49.87

47.72 47.72
0.5 0.5

-2.0 - 1.0 0 1.0 2.0


- 3.0 -2.0 -1.0 µ 1.0 2.0 3.0

P (z = 1)
.

P(1) = 0.3413
0.3413 0.3413

-1.0 µ =0 1.0

Ex. Find the area under normal distribution


curve between z = -1.0 and z = 1.0
the area under normal distribution curve
between z = 1.0 and z =1.0 :
ZA = 0.3413 + 0.3413 = 0.6826
Ex.
Find the area under normal distribution curve between z = 0 and z = 1.85
Z=0 Z =1.85
ZA = 0.00 ZA = 0.4678

0.4678

µ=0 1.0 1.85 2.0


z = o 1.0 1.85

Ex. Find the area under normal distribution to the left of


z = 1.85 = 0.4678
Sol’n :
Za = 0.4678 + 0.5 = 0.9678
Example 1. The monthly incomes of teachers in public schools are normally
distributed with a mean of Php 20,000 and a standard deviation of Php
2000. What is the z–value for an income X of a.) Php 22,000? b.) Php
17,500? Solution:
a) For X = Php 22,000 with µ = Php 20,000 and σ = Php
2000, solve for z

z = 22,000 - 20,000 = 2,000 = 1.0


2,000 2,000
A z–value of 1 indicates that the income of Php
22,000 is 1
b.) For X = Php 17,500 with µ = Php 20,000 and σ = Php
2000, solving for z,

Z= 17,500 – 20,000 = - 1.25


2,000

A z–value of –1.25 indicates


that the income of Php
17,500 is -1.25 standard X = P17,500 µ = P20,000
deviation below the mean
income of Php 20,000.

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