11.

0 Networking
11.1: Networking Overview
Lecture Focus Questions:

 What is the role of host devices in a peer-to-peer network?

 What benefits does implementing a network provide to an organization?
 How do you determine which portion of a IPv4 address is the network ID and the
host ID?
 What type of network is created when you pair wireless earbuds to a cell phone?
 Which device connects multiple networks together?

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
A group of interconnected computers and devices that can share
Network
information information with each other
Subnet A portion of a network with a common network address.
Devices that reside on the network. Hosts can range from a
Nodes or hosts computer, tablet, mobile phone, gaming console, IoT device, or
server.
Transmission The medium that is used to carry electrical or radio signals
media between connected network hosts.
Converts the digital network data into a signal that can be
Network Interfaces
transmitted along the transmission medium.
Rules or standards that describe how hosts communicates and
Protocols
exchange data.
Peer-to-peer Network in which hosts can both share and access data.
Client-server Network in which hosts have specific roles.
A special type of network that provides high-speed access to
Storage Attached
storage across the network. Specialized hardware is used to store
Network (SAN)
and provide access to needed data.
A very small network that consists of wearable or implanted
Body Area
devices such as a smart watch, fitness trackers, or medical
Network (BAN)
implants.
Personal Area A small network for communication between personal devices
Network (PAN) such as wireless earbuds and a cell phone.
Local Area A network in a small geographic area, like an office. A LAN
Network (LAN) typically uses wires to connect systems together.
Wireless Local
Area Network Same as LAN but uses wireless connection.
(WLAN)
Campus Area Sometimes referred to as a corporate area network, this network
Network (CAN) type is established when multiple LANs are connected together
 2

within a limited area, such as a college campus or between

multiple buildings that are owned by the same organization.
Metropolitan Area A network that covers an area as small as a few city blocks to as
Network (MAN) large as an entire metropolitan city.
Wide Area Group of LANs that are geographically isolated but are connected
Network (WAN) to form a large internetwork.
A group of wireless mesh nodes that communicate with one
Wireless Mesh another to share the network connection across a large area.
Network (WMN) Each device in the WMN uses the others as relays to avoid the
need for infrastructure.
Wireless Wide
Similar to WLAN but uses different technology to connect to the
Area Network
internet. Also known as 4G, 5G, or LTE networks.
(WWAN)
A network with geographically disperse connections that connect
Internetwork
multiple LANs.
Internet Large, world-wide, public network.
Intranet Private network that uses internet technologies.
Private network that uses internet technologies but its resources
Extranet
are made available to trusted external users.
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
2.7 Compare and contrast Internet connection types, network
types, and their features.

 Network Types
o Local Area Network (LAN)
CompTIA A+ 220- o Wide area network (WAN)
1101
o Personal area network (PAN)
o Metropolitan area network (MAN)
o Storage area network (SAN)
o Wireless local area network (WLAN)

Video/Demo Time
11.1.1 Networking Introduction 8:20
11.1.2 Network Types 7:04
Total Video Time 15:24

Fact Sheets
11.1.3 Networking Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
2
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 3

About 31 minutes

3
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 4

11.2: Networking Ports and Protocols

Lecture Focus Questions:

 What is the main difference between Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?
 What are the steps of the 3-way handshake?
 What are some of the most common uses of UDP?
 Which protocols does email use?
 What port does Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) use?

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
A connection-oriented protocol. This means that when data is sent
TCP between two hosts, the TCP protocol ensures that every packet sent is
received before sending the next packet.
A connectionless protocol. Instead of verifying that each packet sent is
UDP received, UDP sends the packets one at time and the receiver
processes them as they come in.
A part of a computing device that can connect to peripherals or cables.
A computer port is like a door into the system. There are 65,536
Port
possible network ports. The port number tells the host device the type of
traffic sent and where to send it to.
3-way
The process two devices go through to establish a TCP connection.
handshake
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
CompTIA A+ 2.1 Compare and contrast Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and
220-1101 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ports, protocols, and their purposes.

 Ports and protocols

o 20/21—File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
o 22—Secure Shell (SSH)
o 23—Telnet
o 25—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
o 53—Domain Name System (DNS)
o 67/68—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
o 80—Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
o 110—Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3)
o 137/139—Network Basic Input/Output System
(NetBIOS)/NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT)
o 143—Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP)
o 161/162—Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP)
o 389—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
4
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 5

443—Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)

o
445—Server Message Block (SMB)/Common Internet
o
File System (CIFS)
o 3389—Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
 TCP vs. UDP
o Connectionless
 DHCP
 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
o Connection-oriented
 HTTPS
 SSH

Video/Demo Time
11.2.1 TCP and UDP 6:20
11.2.3 Ports and Protocols 7:14
Total Video Time 13:34

Fact Sheets
11.2.2 TCP/IP Protocol Facts
11.2.4 Ports and Protocols Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 34 minutes

5
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 6

11.3: Client-Side Network Configuration

Lecture Focus Questions:

 Which numbering system is most used in computers and electronic systems?

 Which values does the hexadecimal numbering system use?
 What is a physical address? Logical address?
 How many bits is an IPv4 address?
 How many bits is an IPv6 address?
 How can an IPv6 address be shortened?

In this section, you will learn to:

 Configure TCP/IP properties

 Configure TCP/IP settings
 Configure alternate TCP/IP settings

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
The decimal numbering system is the most used number system
Decimal Numbering
across the world. Decimal is a base-10 number system that
System
consists of the digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.
Binary is the number system that computers and most electronic
Binary Numbering systems use. Because these systems work on electricity, there
System are only two states, on and off. This is represented using the
numbers 1 and 0.
Hexadecimal A base-16 number system that consists of the decimal numbers
Numbering System 0-9 and also uses letters A-F to represent values 10-15.
A 48-bit physical address that is a unique identifier for all network
MAC address
adapters.
Logical address Network addresses assigned by software.
A 32-bit logical address that consists of four decimal numbers
IPv4 address separated by a dot that can range from 0 to 255 (ex.
192.168.1.50).
Used to identify which octets in the IPv4 address are the host ID
Subnet mask
and which are the network ID.
Responsible for forwarding data packets to destinations outside
Default gateway
of the network.
Identifies the range of IP addresses and the default subnet mask
IPv4 address class
used for the range.
Automatic Private A feature that allows a device to automatically assign itself an IP
IP Addressing address on the 169.254.0.0 network when a DHCP server or
(APIPA) manual configuration is unavailable.
IPv6 address A 128-bit address made up of eight 16-bit blocks.
Unicast address An address assigned to a single interface for the purpose of
6
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 7

allowing one host to send and receive data. Packets sent to a

unicast address are delivered to the interface identified by that
address.
An address that represents a dynamic group of hosts. Packets
Multicast address sent to a multicast address are sent to all interfaces identified by
that address.
A unicast address that is assigned to more than one interface,
Anycast address
typically belonging to different hosts.
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
2.5 Given a scenario, install and configure basic wired/wireless small
office/home office (SOHO) networks.

 Internet Protocol (IP) addressing

o Pv4
 Private addresses
CompTIA A+  Public addresses
220-1101 o IPv6
o Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)
o Static
o Dynamic
o Gateway

1.6 Given a scenario, configure Microsoft Windows networking

features on a client/desktop.

 Client network configuration

o Internet Protocol (IP) addressing scheme

CompTIA A+
o Domain Name System (DNS) settings
220-1102
o Subnet mask
o Gateway
o Static vs. dynamic
 Public network vs. private network
 File Explorer navigation – network paths

Video/Demo Time
11.3.1 Device Addressing 7:54
11.3.2 IPv4 Addressing 10:27
11.3.4 IP Version 6 7:04
11.3.6 Configure TCP/IP Properties 4:40
Total Video Time 30:05

Lab/Activity
7
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 8

11.3.7 Configure TCP/IP Settings on Windows 10

11.3.8 Configure TCP/IP Settings on Window 11

Fact Sheets
11.3.3 IPv4 Address Facts
11.3.5 IPv6 Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 75 minutes

8
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 9

11.4: Services Provided by Network Devices

Lecture Focus Questions:

 What network resources can a server provide access to?

 What are the components of a FQDN?
 What is IoT?
 What are the most common IoT communication protocols?
 What CPUs can be used in an embedded system?

In this section, you will learn to:

 Configure DHCP on a Windows Server

 Configure DNS on a Windows Server
 Configure Smart Devices

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
Domain Name System Translates hostnames to IP addresses
Fully Qualified Domain
A domain name that spells out each level of the hierarchy.
Name (FQDN)
Forward lookup zone DNS record that matches a hostname to its IP address
Reverse lookup zone DNS record that matches a IP address to its hostname
Dynamic Host
Automatically assigns the IP configuration when a device
Configuration Protocol
connects to the network
(DHCP)
Simple Mail Transfer
Used for outgoing emails and operates on port 25
Protocol (SMTP)
Used for incoming emails and operates on port 110. Emails
Post Office Protocol
are downloaded to the local computer and then removed
version 3 (POP3)
from the email server.
Used for incoming emails and operates on port 143. Emails
Internet Message
are kept on the email server allowing users to access their
Access Protocol (IMAP)
email from multiple devices.
Internet appliance that monitors servers and distributes
Load balancer
network traffic so one server does not get overwhelmed
Internet appliance that monitors incoming and outgoing
Spam gateway
emails to reduce the amount of spam affecting the network.
An internet appliance typically configured to monitor all
Proxy server incoming and outgoing network traffic and determines if the
traffic is allowed or not.
Unified Threat
The unified threat management (UTM) internet appliance
Management (UTM)
combines multiple functions into one single device.
Appliance

9
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 10

IoT is a system of connected computing devices and other

Internet of Things (IoT) things that use unique identifiers and the ability to send data
over a network without requiring human interaction.
Internet of Everything
IoE is another name for IoT.
(IoE)
An embedded system is a complete computer system that is
Embedded System
designed to perform a specific dedicated task.
Application-specific The application-specific integrated circuit chip is created to
integrated circuit (ASIC) perform a single function.
System-on-chip (SoC) A System-on-chip incorporates all components on the board
A field-programmable gate array is physically setup like a
Field-Programmable
ASIC or SoC, but the programming is configured by the end-
Gate Array (FPGA)
user.
Industrial Control Industrial control systems (ICSs) handle the workflow and
Systems (ICS) automation process for all sorts of machinery.
PLC is a specialized controller that can be programmed to
Programmable logic
perform specific tasks. Multiple PLCs can be combined and
controller (PLC)
configured to work together to carry out complex tasks.
Supervisory control and SCADA controllers are used to monitor and control PLC
data acquisition systems. They gather data and adjust the system based on
(SCADA) the data acquired from sensors.
The HMI can be either a touch-screen control panel or
Human-machine software running on a typical computer system. The HMI
interface (HMI) allows the operator to make configuration changes in the
ICS.
Distributed control A DCS is a customized all-in-one package that contains the
system (DCS) needed PLCs, SCADA controller, and HMI.
Modbus is a special network protocol that controller systems
Modbus
use to communicate with each other.
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
CompTIA A+ 220- 2.4 Summarize services provided by networked hosts
1101
 Server Roles
o DNS
o DHCP
o Fileshare
o Print servers
o Mail servers
o Syslog
o Web servers
o Authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA)

 Internet appliances
o Spam gateways
10
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 11

oUnified threat management (UTM)

oLoad balancers
oProxy servers
 Legacy/embedded systems

2.6 Compare and contrast common network configuration

concepts.

 DNS
o Address (A)
o Authentication, authorization, accounting, and
auditing (AAAA)
o Mail exchanger (MX)
 DHCP
o Leases
o Reservations
o Scope

Video/Demo Time
11.4.1 Server Roles 13:26
11.4.3 Explore Server Roles 5:29
11.4.4 Configure DHCP on a Windows Server 7:19
11.4.5 Configure DNS on a Windows Server 7:16
11.4.6 Internet Appliances 10:06
11.4.8 Internet of Things 9:03
11.4.9 Smart Devices 7:03
11.4.12 Embedded Systems (SCADA) 8:02
Total Video Time 1:07:44

Lab/Activity
11.4.11 Configure Smart Devices

Fact Sheets
11.4.2 Server Role Facts
11.4.7 Internet Appliances Facts
11.4.10 Internet of Things Facts
11.4.13 Embedded Systems (SCADA) Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 110 minutes

11
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 12

11.5: Wireless Networking

Lecture Focus Questions:

 Which Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard defines

how wireless networks operate?
 How many non-overlapping channels are in the 2.4 GHz range? 5 GHz range?
 What encryption algorithm does WPA2 use?
 Which wireless access method allows a device to connect to the wireless
network by pressing a button?

In this section, you will learn to:

 Install a wireless network adapter

 Configure a wireless connection
 Connect to a wireless network
 Create a home wireless network
 Secure a home wireless network
 Configure a wireless profile
 Configure Bluetooth connections

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
A method that allows the frequency of the wireless
Wireless channel network to be fine-tuned. Each channel is approximately
20 MHz wide.
802.11 IEEE designation for all wireless networking standards.
Multiple-input multiple-output An enhancement that allows multiple antennas to use
(MIMO) the same radio frequency.
A method that combines channels into one to increase
Channel bonding
bandwidth.
An enhancement to MIMO that allows the antennae on
Multi-user multiple-input
the access point to divide streams between multiple
multiple-output (MU-MIMO)
devices.
Secure authentication method for wired and wireless
802.1x authentication
networks.
Open network Wireless network that requires no authentication.
Authentication method that forces a user to agree to
Captive portal terms or pay a fee before accessing the wireless
network.
Wireless authentication method that uses a passphrase
Pre-shared key (PSK)
to authenticate users.
Wireless authentication method that allows for
Wi-Fi Protected Setup automatic connection between a device and the
wireless access point.
12
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 13

Encryption protocol used on most wireless networks

Wi-Fi Protected Access
today. Versions 2 and 3 are the latest versions in use.
Wireless communication technology that allows two
Bluetooth
devices to connect to each other over a short distance.
A communication method that uses radio waves to
Radio Frequency
transmit data from small circuit boards called RFID tags
Identification (RFID)
to special scanners.
A communication method that allows two-way
Near Field Communication
communication between two devices within a few
(NFC)
centimeters of each other.
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives.
Exam Objective
1.5 Configure networking devices

 Install and configure wired and wireless network adapters

and cables
TestOut PC Pro
2.4 Configure PC Networking

 Configure wired and wireless networking for a SOHO

CompTIA A+ 1.4 Given a scenario, configure basic mobile-device network

220-1101 connectivity and application support.

 Bluetooth
o Enable Bluetooth
o Enable pairing
o Find a device for pairing
o Enter the appropriate PIN code
o Test connectivity

2.3 Compare and contrast protocols for wireless networking.

 Frequencies
o 2.4 GHz
o 5 GHz
 Channels
o Regulations
o 2.4 GHz vs. 5 GHz
 Bluetooth
 802.11
o a
o b
o g
o n

13
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 14

oac (WiFi5)
oax (WiFi6)
 Long-Range Fixed wireless
o Licensed
o Unlicensed
o Power
o Regulatory requirements for wireless power
 NFC
 Radio-frequency identification (RFID)

2.2 Compare and contrast wireless security protocols and

authentication.

 Protocols and encryption

o WiFi Protected Access 2 (WPA2)
o WPA3
o Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)
CompTIA A+
o Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
220-1102
 Authentication
o Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
o Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System
(TACACS+)
o Kerberos
o Multifactor

Video/Demo Time
11.5.1 Wireless Networking 11:25
11.5.2 Install a Wireless Network Adapter 2:49
11.5.4 Wireless Security 9:39
11.5.6 Wireless Encryption and Authentication 5:47
11.5.8 Configure a Wireless Connection 5:27
11.5.13 Infrared, Bluetooth, and NFC 4:31
11.5.14 Configure Bluetooth Connections 5:11
Total Video Time 44:49

Lab/Activity
11.5.9 Connect to a Wireless Network
11.5.10 Create a Home Wireless Network
11.5.11 Secure Home Wireless Network
11.5.12 Configure a Wireless Profile

Fact Sheets
11.5.3 Wireless Networking Facts
11.5.5 Wireless Security Facts

14
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 15

11.5.7 Wireless Encryption and Authentication Facts

11.5.15 Infrared, Bluetooth, and NFC Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 123 minutes

15
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 16

11.6: SOHO Configuration

Lecture Focus Questions:

 What is the first configuration change you should perform on a new wireless
router?
 What authentication protocol is typically used by DSL providers?
 What technology allows multiple computers to share a single public IP address
on the internet?
 What does the Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) feature do?

In this section, you will learn to:

 Configure a small office/home office (SOHO router)

 Configure a wireless router
 Configure a wireless infrastructure
 Perform a firmware update
 Update firmware

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
A SOHO network is a smaller network that does not make use of
Small office/home servers to handle network resources or enterprise level switches to
office network connect devices. Wireless networks used in most homes would be
considered SOHO networks.
Network Address NAT is a protocol that allows multiple computers to share a single
Translation (NAT) public IP address on the internet.
A screened subnet, also known as a demilitarized zone (DMZ), is
Screened subnet used to place a device on the network that should be open to
external users while still protecting the internal network.
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
1.2 Configure hardware components
TestOut PC
Pro  Implement firmware updates

CompTIA A+ 2.9 Given a scenario, configure appropriate security settings on small

220-1102 office/home office (SOHO) wireless and wired networks.

 Home router settings

o Change default passwords
o IP filtering
o Firmware updates
o Content filtering
o Physical placement/secure locations

16
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 17

o Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

reservations
o Static wide-area network (WAN) IP
o Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)
o Screened subnet
 Wireless specific
o Changing the service set identifier (SSID)
o Disabling SSID broadcast
o Encryption settings
o Disabling guest access
o Changing channels
 Firewall settings
o Disabling unused ports
o Port forwarding/mapping

Video/Demo Time
11.6.1 SOHO Configuration 7:52
11.6.3 Configure a SOHO Router 6:37
11.6.4 Configure a Wireless Router 8:39
11.6.6 Perform a Firmware Update 4:25
Total Video Time 27:33

Lab/Activity
11.6.7 Update Firmware

Fact Sheets
11.6.2 SOHO Configuration Facts
11.6.5 Windows Network Profile Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 60 minutes

17
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Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+), and related trademarks are the trademarks of CompTIA. Microsoft, MCITP, MSCA, MCTS,
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 18

11.7: Networking Hardware

Lecture Focus Questions:

 Which networking device connects two networks together?

 What is the main difference between a hub and switch?
 Which Power over Ethernet (PoE) standard can provide up to 100 watts of
power?
 Which internet connection is provided over coaxial cable?
 Which internet connection uses light to transmit data?

In this section, you will learn to:

 Explore network switch settings

 Select and install a network adapter
 Configure a cable internet connection
 Configure a DSL internet connection
 Connect to a VPN

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
Wireless access point A networking device that provides connection to a wireless
(WAP) network.
Router A networking device that connects two networks together.
A networking device that connects internal hosts using
Hub Ethernet cables. When data comes in, the hub forwards it to
all connected devices.
A networking device that connects internal hosts using
Switch Ethernet cables. When data comes in, the switch forwards it
to the intended recipient.
Patch panel A special panel where Ethernet cables are terminated.
Virtual LAN (VLAN) A virtual network that is configured on a network switch.
Technology that can provide power to devices over an
Power over Ethernet
Ethernet cable.
Software-defined A networking controller that allows the network administrator
networking to manage network devices remotely.
Internet connections that have the same upload and download
Symmetric
speeds.
Internet connections that have different upload and download
Asymmetric
speeds.
An internet connection that uses the existing cable TV
Cable internet
infrastructure to provide access to the internet.
Digital subscriber line An internet connection that provides high-speed digital data
(DSL) transmission over existing telephone lines.

18
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 19

Internet that uses fiber optic cables to provide access to the

Fiber internet
internet.
A network that uses radio signals sent and received from a
Satellite internet
satellite.
A network that uses a cellular phone infrastructure for internet
Cellular internet
access.
Wireless internet
Networks that use antennae pointed at a large antenna on
service provider
land to provide access to the internet.
(WISP)
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
1.5 Configure networking devices

TestOut PC Pro  Install and configure wired and wireless network adapters
and cables

CompTIA A+ 220- 2.2 Compare and contrast common networking hardware.

1101
 Routers
 Switches
 Access Points
 Patch Panel
 Firewall
 Power over Ethernet (PoE)
 Hub
 Cable modem
 Digital subscriber line (DSL)
 Optical network terminal (ONT)
 Network interface card (NIC)
 Software-defined networking (SDN)

2.6 Compare and contrast common network configuration

concepts.

 Virtual LAN (VLAN)

 Virtual private network (VPN)

2.7 Compare and contrast Internet connection types, network

types, and their features.

 Internet connection types

o Satellite
o Fiber
o Cable

19
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 20

o DSL
o Cellular
o Wireless Internet service provider (WISP)

1.6 Given a scenario, configure Microsoft Windows networking

features on a client/desktop.

 Establish network connections

CompTIA A+ 220- o Virtual private network (VPN)
1102
o Wireless
o Wired
o Wireless wide area network (WWAN)

Video/Demo Time
11.7.1 Network Infrastructure 10:01
11.7.2 Explore Network Switch Settings 7:11
11.7.4 Internet Connection Types 9:53
11.7.9 Connect to a VPN 3:39
Total Video Time 30:44

Lab/Activity
11.7.6 Select and Install a Network Adapter
11.7.7 Configure a Wireless Infrastructure
11.7.8 Configure a DSL Internet Connection

Fact Sheets
11.7.3 Network Infrastructure and Device Facts
11.7.5 Internet Connection Type Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 87 minutes

20
Copyright © 2022 TestOut Corporation®. All rights reserved. CompTIA, A+, Network+, Security+, Linux+, IT Fundamentals,
Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+), and related trademarks are the trademarks of CompTIA. Microsoft, MCITP, MSCA, MCTS,
Windows, Office, Word, and Excel are the trademarks of Microsoft. Cisco and CCNA are the trademarks of Cisco. Certified Ethical
Hacker and CEH are the trademarks of the EC-Council. TestOut has no affiliation with these companies and the products and
services advertised herein are not endorsed by any of them.
 21

11.8: Command Line Network Utilities

Lecture Focus Questions:

 Which network utility shows the current IP configuration in Linux?

 Which network utility would you use to test the connection between two devices?
 Which network utility shows each hop a packet makes?

In this section, you will learn to:

 Use ping and pathping

 Use ipconfig command
 Use ip command
 Use tracert and traceroute
 Use nslookup
 Use dig
 Explore configuration information

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
ipconfig Utility used to view or modify current IP configuration in Windows.
ip Utility used to view or modify current IP configuration in Linux.
hostname Utility used to view or modify the device name.
ping Utility used to test the connection between two devices.
tracert/traceroute Utility used to see the path a packet takes.
Utility used to see the path a packet takes along with additional
pathping
information such as latency and packet loss.
netstat Utility used to view network statistics.
nslookup Utility used to view or modify current DNS configuration in Windows.
dig Utility used to view or modify current DNS configuration in Linux.
Windows utility used in conjunction with other commands to
net
manage network resources and connections.
chkdsk Windows utility used to check the health of a hard drive.
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
2.2 Use operating system features and utilities
TestOut PC Pro
 Use common Linux command line utilities

CompTIA A+ 220- 1.2 Configure hardware components

1102
 Command-Line Tools
o ipconfig
o ping

21
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 22

o hostname
o netstat
o nslookup
o chkdsk
o net user
o net use
o tracert
o pathping

1.11 Identify common features and tools of the Linux

client/desktop OS.

 Common commands
o ip
o dig

Video/Demo Time
11.8.1 Command Line Network Utilities 4:52
11.8.2 Use ping and pathping 5:46
11.8.3 Use ipconfig Command 6:59
11.8.4 Use ip Command (Linux) 3:24
11.8.5 Use tracert and traceroute 4:29
11.8.6 Use nslookup 3:38
11.8.7 Use dig (Linux) 6:35
11.8.8 Other Network Command Line Utilities 3:06
Total Video Time 38:49

Lab/Activity
11.8.10 Use the Linux ip Command
11.8.11 Explore Configuration Information 1
11.8.12 Explore Configuration Information 2
11.8.13 Explore Configuration Information 3

Fact Sheets
11.8.9 Command Line Network Utilities Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 102 minutes

22
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Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+), and related trademarks are the trademarks of CompTIA. Microsoft, MCITP, MSCA, MCTS,
Windows, Office, Word, and Excel are the trademarks of Microsoft. Cisco and CCNA are the trademarks of Cisco. Certified Ethical
Hacker and CEH are the trademarks of the EC-Council. TestOut has no affiliation with these companies and the products and
services advertised herein are not endorsed by any of them.
 23

11.9: Network Troubleshooting

Lecture Focus Questions:

 What should you do first when troubleshooting any network issue?

 What is the localhost IP address?
 What are common causes of jitter?
 What is the difference between full-duplex and half-duplex?

In this section, you will learn to:

 Troubleshoot network connectivity

 Fix a network connection

The key terms for this section include:

Term Definition
The IP address 127.0.0.1 (also known as the loopback address) is
Localhost used to verify that the local TCP-IP protocol is installed and working
properly.
Jitter The variation in the latency of VoIP packets.
The amount of time it takes to send a network request and receive a
Latency
response back.
Quality of A feature in some routers and switches that assigns priority to
Service (QoS) different types of network traffic.
A problem in which a port on the network switch continuously turns
Port flapping
off and on three or more times per second for at least 10 seconds.
This section helps you prepare for the following certification exam objectives:
Exam Objective
4.3 Troubleshoot networking

 Troubleshoot a network connection

 Use networking utilities to view, test, and troubleshoot network
configuration, communication, and connectivity issues
TestOut PC
Pro
4.4 Use and configure a ticketing system

 Create a help ticket

 Close a help ticket

CompTIA A+ 2.5 Given a scenario, install and configure basic wired/wireless small
220-1101 office/home office (SOHO) networks.

 Internet Protocol (IP) addressing

o IPv4

23
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 24

o Static

5.7 Given a scenario, troubleshoot problems with wired and wireless

networks.

 Common symptoms
o Intermittent wireless connectivity
o Slow network speeds
o Limited connectivity
o Jitter
o Poor Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) quality
o Port flapping
o High latency
o External interference

1.2 Configure hardware components

 Command-Line Tools

o ipconfig
o ping

4.1 Given a scenario, implement best practices associated with

documentation and support systems information management.

CompTIA A+  Ticketing systems

220-1102 o User information
o Device information
o Description of problems
o Categories
o Severity
o Escalation levels
o Clear, concise written communication
o Problem description
o Progress notes
o Problem resolution

Video/Demo Time
11.9.1 Network Troubleshooting 8:31
11.9.2 Troubleshoot Network Connectivity 7:17
Total Video Time 15:48

Lab/Activity
11.9.4 Fix a Network Connection 1
24
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 25

11.9.5 Fix a Network Connection 2

Fact Sheets
11.9.3 Network Troubleshooting Facts

Number of Exam Questions

10 questions

Total Time
About 55 minutes

25
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Cybersecurity Analyst (CySA+), and related trademarks are the trademarks of CompTIA. Microsoft, MCITP, MSCA, MCTS,
Windows, Office, Word, and Excel are the trademarks of Microsoft. Cisco and CCNA are the trademarks of Cisco. Certified Ethical
Hacker and CEH are the trademarks of the EC-Council. TestOut has no affiliation with these companies and the products and
services advertised herein are not endorsed by any of them.