International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends

Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June-2020, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X

Wind Tree Turbine Energy Conversion System

Hod. Dr. B.Gopinath, P.Tharani, B.Sowndarya, S.Tharani, R.Nandhini Priya
Dept. of EEE
Vivekanandha college of technology for women, Tiruchengode,India.
[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],
[email protected]

Abstract – Wind energy is the fastest growing source of clean energy worldwide. Wind energy plays a vital role to generate
the electricity. Likewise these sources are decreasing sooner rather than later.In this project wind energy is used to generate
electricity by using aero leaves. Many aero leaves are placed in the form of tree shape, called wind tree. Vertical axis wind
turbine is used to generate electricity. The PVC pipes or GI sheet are used for turbines and its look like a normal leaf but it
placed in a vertical manner. These aero leaves are able to generate power from breezes .They are also silent, so they could
theoretically be installed along buildings, streets, or even in people’s backyards. The aero leaves should rotate depend on wind
direction. The vertical axis wind turbines will catch wind from all wind directions. When the wind blows, the aero leaves
rotate and produce the energy. Power is generated with the help of generators and it is stored in battery. It concludes that,
generating energy is good for the environment and also it can provide power to remote locations.

Keywords – Wind turbine, vertical axis wind turbine, aero leaves.

behind this is called the ‘piezoelectric effect’ (or

I. INTRODUCTION biomimetic technology). The piezoelectricity is that the
ability of certain materials to get an electrical charge in
Wind energy is considered as the fastest growing clean response to applied mechanical stress.
energy source which is available. This natural resource
renews itself and creates no pollution. It is also reliable, II. OBJECTIVES
efficient and at low lifecycle costs. Right now add to
additionally diminishing the expenses of vitality The primary destinations of this task is to create and
generation from wind later on. The aero leaves captured approve inventive answers for little and medium size
energy from wind speeds of less than five mph. there are breeze tree turbines to improve their intensity,
two energy sources, that can be used to generate the empowering and encouraging the organization into urban
electricity. They are renewable and non-renewable energy and semi-urban territories.
sources. Non renewable energy sources are limitedly
available but renewable energy sources are available on III. TYPES OF WIND TURBINES
all human time scale. The usage of wind tree turbines has
risen rapidly in recent years because of the potential that 1. Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines:
they offer for carbon free power generation and (HAWT) get their name from the very fact that their axis
environment friendly. In thios project we considered wind of rotation is horizontal. They have the most rotor head
as a renewable source of electricity .wind energy that and electrical generator at the highest of a tower, and are
transforms the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical pointed into the wind. The variability of wind distribution
energy that can be used for practical use. Wind turbines and speed brings up the need of a gear system connected
covert the kinetic energy in wind into mechanical power to the rotor and therefore the generator. The gear system
that runs a generator to produce clean electricity. The enables a continuing speed of rotation to the generator
breeze turns the sharp edges, which turn a pole associated thus enabling constant frequency generation. Turbine
with a generator or the generator's rotor, which makes blades are made stiff so as to stop the blades from being
power.Wind tree is designed as same as tree and it works pushed into the tower by high winds. Downwind
quietly. This wind tree turbine consists of of many aero machines have also been built, as they not require a yaw
leaves that have tiny blades which produce electricity mechanism to stay them facing the wind, and furthermore
even in the light wind speed. The interesting device, in light of the fact that in high breezes the cutting edges
inspired naturally to supply renewable energy, has been can turn out of the breeze in this way expanding drag and
designed at Iowa State University. The innovation grinding to a halt.Most of the HAWTs are upwind as
comprises of little pieces of bespoke plastic fitted inside downwind systems cause regular turbulence which can
the leaf stalks. These fittings release an electrical charge cause fatigue.
once they are folded or bent by moving air. The science
© 2020 IJSRET
1098
 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June-2020, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X

2. Vertical Axis Wind Turbines: IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Vertical-axis wind turbines (or VAWTs) have the main
rotor shaft arranged vertically as the plane of rotation is
vertical. Blades are also vertical in this arrangement. The
biggest advantage of VAWTs is they don’t require a yaw
control mechanism to be pointed into the wind. Thus
these are useful in sites where wind direction is random or
there is presence of large obstacles like trees, houses etc.
Also VAWTs don’t require a tower structure and can be
placed nearby a ground enabling access to electrical
components. Some drawbacks are the low efficiency of
wind production and the fact that large drag is created for
rotating the blades in a vertical axis.

Fig. 3.Block diagram.

V. LITERATURE SURVEY

The figure, graph, chart can be written as per given below

schedule

Fig 1.Schematic sketch of vertical axis turbine working.

The Savonius turbine is probably the most straightforward

turbine. Efficiently, it is a drag-type gadget, comprising of
a few scoops. Looking down on the rotor from over, a
two-scoop machine would resemble a "S" shape in cross
segment. As a result of the bend, the scoops experience
less drag while moving against the breeze than while
moving with the breeze. The differential drag makes the
Savonius turbine turn. Since they are drag-type gadgets,
Savonius turbines separate substantially less of the
breeze's capacity than other comparably estimated lift-
type turbines. A great part of the cleared territory of a
Savonius rotor might be close to the ground, on the off
chance that it has a little mount without an all- Fig 4. Average annual wind speed with power.
encompassing post, making the general vitality extraction
less compelling because of the lower wind speeds found To get a preliminary estimate of the performance of a
at lower statures. particular wind turbine, use the formula below.
AEO = 0.01328D²V³
Where,
AEO = Annual energy output, Kwh/year
D = Rotor diameter,feet
V = Annual average wind speed,mph²³

VI. COMPONENTS REQUIRED

The components required for fabricating the wind tree
power generation is listed below,
Fig.2. Savonius turbine.  wind turbine blades
 shaft

© 2020 IJSRET
1099
 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June-2020, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X

 frames Different generator designs produce either alternating

 DC generator current (AC) or direct current (DC), and they are available
 battery in a large range of output power ratings. The generator's
 led bulb rating, or size, is dependent on the length of the wind
turbine's blades because more energy is captured by
1. Batteries longer blades. It is important to select the right type of
Stand – alone frameworks expect batteries to store generator to match your intended use. Most home and
overabundance power produced for use when the breeze office appliances operate on 120 volt (or 240 volt), 50
is quiet. They likewise need a charge controller to shield cycle AC. Some appliances can operate on either AC or
the batteries from cheating. Profound cycle batteries, for DC, such as light bulbs and resistance heaters, and many
example, those utilized for golf carts,can release and others can be adapted to run on DC. Storage systems
revive 80% of their ability many occasions, which makes using batteries store DC and usually are configured at
them a decent alternative for sustainable power source voltages of between 12 volts and 120 volts. Generators
frameworks. Car batteries aqre shallow-cycle batteries that produce AC are generally equipped with features to
and ought not be utilized in sustainable power source produce the correct voltage (120 or 240 V) and constant
frameworks on account of their short life in profound frequency (60 cycles) of electricity, even when the wind
cycling tasks. speed is fluctuating. DC generators are normally used in
Small wind turbines generate direct current electricity. In battery charging applications and for operating DC
very small systems, DC appliances operate directly off the appliances and machinery. They also can be used to
batteries. If you want to use standard appliances that use produce AC electricity with the use of an inverter, which
conventional household alternating current, you must converts DC to AC.
install an inverter to convert DC electricity from the
batteries to AC. Although the inverter slightly lowers the VII. EXPERIMENTAL WORK
overall efficiency of the system, it allows the home to be
wired for AC, a definite plus with lenders, electrical code Experiment is conducted to validate the model designed.
officials, and future homebuyers. We created the experimental set-ups required to test the
For safety, batteries should be isolated from living areas prototypes and structures. In order to determine the
and electronics because they contain corrosive and effectiveness of the products that were manufactured, we
explosive substances. Lead-acid batteries also require performed tests to evaluate them. We also tested the
protection from temperature extremes. power output of the turbine blades and evaluated how the
vibrations from the turbine affect the stress on the tree
2. DC Generator structure. Two experiments have been conducted based on
the wind speed value. The procedure of calculating the
power is counting the voltage and the current that feeding
the battery. The power gained can be calculated using the
below equation.
P=I×V
where 𝐼: the current in Ampere and 𝑉 is the voltage.
VIII. EQUATIONS
The formula for calculating the power from a wind
turbine is:

Power = Cp½ƿ A V³

Where,
P = power output,watts
Cp = maximum power coefficient, ranging from
0.25 to 0.45, dimension less (theoretical maximum=
0.59)
Ƿ = Air density,kg/m³
Fig.5. DC generator. A = Rotor swept area, m² or ∏D² /4 (D is the
rotor diameter in m, ∏ = 3.1416)
Specifications: Type: Coreless V = Wind speed, mps²³
Rated Output Voltage: 3V- 48V DC.
Maximum Speed: 5000 rpm.
IX. SYSTEM WORKING
Rated Torque: 2.1 N-m.
I. NOISELESS.

© 2020 IJSRET
1100
 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June-2020, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X

The design of wind tree is capable of extracting resulted output is given to the battery and it is stored by
maximum kinetic energy from the wind owing to the battery. It will be given to drive the load.
structured blade design.
X. POWER CURVE

Fig.6. Design of savonius turbine. Fig.8. Power curve graph.

A gearbox is attached between the blade and generator in This power curve indicates the power per aeroleaf
order to increase the number of rotations and enables the depends on wind velocity. If the wind speed increases the
system to work smoothly. A buck boost converter is generation will also increase. It can rotate at both the
connected to the DC generator which helps in providing a directions.
DC output voltage. A battery is used to store the
generated power. A charge controller is connected to the XI. ASSUMPTIONS FOR CALCULATING
battery in order to protect it from charging. A suitable POWER
load is attached to the battery in case of overcharging.
1. All the turbines are expected to create same force
yield.
2. The effectiveness of the considerable number of
turbines are thought to be same.
3. Effect of pivot of one turbine on the another is
dismissed.
4. The mechanical misfortunes of the considerable
number of turbines are viewed as same.
5. The weight misfortunes at the sharp edges of the
considerable number of turbines are equivalent.
6. Coefficient of execution for all the turbines is thought
to be same. The force determined for single turbine
with wind speed of 5m/s is KWh.

XII. ADVANTAGES
1. They can produce electricity.
2. They can be installing in urban areas.
3. No emission of greenhouse gases.
4. Easy installation as compare to horizontal axis wind
turbine.

XIII. FUTURE SCOPE

In the future we all hopes to develop a perfect tree that
has leaves with natural fibers, roots that could generate
geothermal energy and ‘bark’ covered with photosensitive
Fig.7. Tree with branches. cells.
Each aeroleaves along with generators are connected in XIV. CONCLUSION
series, so the generated voltage will get added. This

© 2020 IJSRET
1101
 International Journal of Scientific Research & Engineering Trends
Volume 6, Issue 3, May-June-2020, ISSN (Online): 2395-566X

From this project our conclusion is that wind tree works Vertical Axis Wind Turbine for Urban High-Rise
silently with less noise. With better design and increasing Application, Renewable Energy, 2013, 51:388-397
the number of turbines along with some advanced [13]. Ali, A., Goldeb, S., Alama, F. and Moria, H.,
technology it is possible to implement this project on a Experimental and Computational Study of a Micro
large scale. Wind turbines are a start for society to lessen Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, Procedia Engineering,
the damage done by the earth by not using energy sources 2012, 49:254-262
that produces pollution. Hopefully the project could [14]. Park, J., Kim, J., Shin, Y., Lee, J. and Park, J., 3
propel research and testing on VAWT frameworks and MW Class Offshore Wind Turbine Development,
give knowledge for different gatherings to finish Current Applied Physics, 2010, 10:307-310
additional testing and enhance productivity and [15]. Solero L., Caricchi F., Crescimbini F. and Falchetta
implement of vertical axis wind turbines. M., Direct-Drive Wind Generator Pilot Plant for
Stand-Alone Units in Extremely Cold Climates, Int
XV. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS J REE, 2001, 3(2):326-329
[16]. B. M. Nagai, B. M., Ameku K. and Roy J. N.,
Author thanks to Dr.B.Gopinath ,professor for his Performance of A 3 kW Wind Turbine Generator
guidance & supporting to conduct such research work. with Variable Pitch Control System, Applied
Energy, 2009, 86:1774-1782
REFERENCES
AUTHOR’S PROFILE
[1]. Kumar J., Sathish Kumar K., Dayakar P., Effect of
microsilica on high strength concrete, International Dr.B.Gopinath, professor and Head ,
Journal of Applied Engineering Research Department of Electrical and Electronics
[2]. S. J Kooiman, S.w.Tullis, Response of Vertical axis Engineering,Vivekanandha College of
Wind turbine to time varying wind collections technololgy for Women, Tamilnadu,
found within the urban environment”, India,(e-mail: [email protected]).
[3]. S.Tullis, S.Zaida, “Performance Testing of a Small
Vertical-axis Wind Turbine” in ResearchGate, P.Tharani, UG Student, doing final year
Article-June 2007. Electrical and Electronics Engineering at
[4]. Sathyanarayana, R;Muthamizh, S ; Giriramprasath, Vivekanandha College Of Technology
C,; Gopinath, K. T. Communication Software and For Women, Tiruchengode, India.
networks (ICCSN), 2011 IEEE 3RD International
Conference On Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/ B.sowndarya, UG Student, doing final
ICCSN. 2011. 6014909 Publication Year:2011 year Electrical And Electronics
[5]. Gipe, Paul, 2004. “Wind Power,” Chelsea Green Engineering at Vivekanandha College
Publishing Company, Page 97 Of Technology For Women,
[6]. Johnson, Dr. Gary L. (November 21, 2001) “Wind Tiruchengode, India
Turbine Power – Ch 4. Wind Turbine Power,
Energy and Torque.” Retrieved from http:// S.tharani, UG Student, doing final year
www.eece. ksu.edu/ Electrical And Electronics Engineering
[7]. gjohnson /wind4.pdf in October 2005. at Vivekanandha College Of
[8]. G.R. Nagpal, Tool Engineer & Design (Khanna Technology For Women, Tiruchengode,
Publishers) 6th’ Reprint. India
[9]. Energy Management Strategy for Parallel R.nandhini Priya,UG Student, doing
Connected ESSs in DC Micro grids with final year Electrical And Electronics
Renewable Energy Generation. Y.C. Fong* J. Hu Engineering at Vivekanandha College
K.W.E. Cheng Power Electronics Research Centre, Of Technology For Women,
Department of Electrical Engineering , The Hong Tiruchengode, India
Kong Polytechnic University
[10]. Ameku, K., Nagai, B. M. and Roy, J. N., Design of
A 3 KW Wind Turbine Generator with Thin Airfoil
Blades, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,
2008, 32:1723-1730
[11]. Kosasih, B. and Tondelli, A., Experimental Study
of Shrouded Micro-Wind Turbine, Procedia
Engineering, 2012, 49:92-98
[12]. Chong, W. T., Pan, K. C., Poh, S. C., Fazlizan, A.,
Oon, C. S., Badarudin, A. and Nik-Ghazali, N.,
Performance Investigation of a Power Augmented

© 2020 IJSRET
1102