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The final report details an experiment on thermochemistry, specifically measuring the heat of reaction during the neutralization of HCl and NaOH using a calibrated calorimeter. The experiment confirmed that the reaction was exothermic, with a calculated heat of reaction of 79.632 KCAL/MOL. Recommendations for improving accuracy include using a more sensitive thermometer and better insulation for the calorimeter.

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5 views

CHEMLAB

The final report details an experiment on thermochemistry, specifically measuring the heat of reaction during the neutralization of HCl and NaOH using a calibrated calorimeter. The experiment confirmed that the reaction was exothermic, with a calculated heat of reaction of 79.632 KCAL/MOL. Recommendations for improving accuracy include using a more sensitive thermometer and better insulation for the calorimeter.

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c1-241-02150
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL

HELP SYSTEM - LAGUNA


COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

FINAL REPORT
EXPERIMENT NO. 4
THERMOCHEMISTRY:HEAT OF
REACTION

PASIA, KIM JERVIN C. 10 - 14 - 2024


CEAA 1D 10 - 21 - 2024

ENGR. ERIC L. HERNANDEZ


ENGR. MELANIE MORABE
I. OBJECTIVES
TO BE ABLE TO MEASURE THE HEAT ASSOCIATED WITH CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

ll. LIST OF APPARATUS/MATERIALS/EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP


EXPERRIMENTAL APPARATUS

GRADUATED CYLINDER BEAKER

STIRRING ROD THERMOMETER


MATERIALS
-DISTILLED WATER
-H2SO4
-1M GCI
-1M NaOH

EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP

CALORIMETER
III. SUMMARIZED PROCEDURE
A. IN ORDER TO CALIBRATE A SIMPLE CALORIMETER 100 ML OF DISTILLED
WATER IS PLACED IN A 250 ML BEAKER, AND THE INITIAL TEMPERATURE
RECORDED BEFORE ADDING 6 ML OF CONCENTRATED SULFURIC ACID. THE
SOLUTION IS STIRRED, AND THE MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE RECORDED. USING
THE EQUATION Q=ΔT AND THE HEAT OF SOLUTION FOR H2​SO4. COMBINING
THE COMBUSTION ENERGY VALUES OF 17.77 KCAL/MOL WITH THE DENSITY OF
THE ACID OF 1.83 G/ML, THE CALORIMETER'S HEAT CAPACITY CAN NOW BE
DETERMINED FROM THE CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE.
B. MEASURE 50 ML OF 1 M HCL AND 50 ML OF 1 M NAOH, AND RECORD THEIR
INITIAL TEMPERATURES. IF DIFFERENT AVERAGE THE TWO TEMPERATURES.
ADD THE NAOH SLOWLY TO THE HCL. MEASURE THE HIGHEST TEMPERATURE
OBTAINED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AFTER MIXING THE TWO SOLUTIONS.
CALCULATE THE HEAT ABSORBED BY USING THE EQUATION: Q=ΔT. AND THE
HEAT OF REACTION IN KJ IS GIVEN BY THE EQUATION: (ΔHR) IS FOUND USING
ΔHr= Q/MOLES OF HCL.

IV. DATA AND RESULTS


V. CALCULATIONS

Vl. INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS


IN THIS EXPERIMENT, THE CALORIMETER WAS UTILIZED TO MEASURE THE
HEAT OF REACTION FOR THE NEUTRALIZATION OF HCL AND NAOH. BEFORE
BEGINNING THE EXPERIMENT THE CALORIMETER WAS CALIBRATED BY ADDING
SULFURIC ACID TO WATER IN AN ATTEMPT TO ESTABLISH THE CALORIMETER'S
HEAT CAPACITY AS 0.9954 KCAL/°C.

WHEN HCL AND NAOH WERE MIXED, THE TEMPERATURE INCREASED BY 4°C,
WHICH CONFIRMS THAT THE REACTION WAS EXOTHERMIC BECAUSE IT
PRODUCED HEAT. THE HEAT GAINED BY THE SOLUTION WAS CALCULATED
USING THE FORMULA Q = C ⋅ Δ T, WHICH GAVE 3.9816 KCAL.

THE ABSORBED HEAT WAS DIVIDED BY THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF HCL USED
TO CALCULATE THE HEAT OF REACTION PER MOLE. USING THE FORMULA ΔHR
= Q/MOLES OF HCL, THE MOLAR HEAT OF REACTION WAS FOUND TO BE 79.632
KCAL/MOL. THIS SHOWED THAT INDEED THERE WAS A GREAT QUANTITY OF
HEAT RELEASED, AS EXPECTED IN ACID-BASE NEUTRALIZATIONS.
THIS EXPERIMENT SHOWED THAT CALORIMETRY IS A SURE METHOD FOR
QUANTIFYING THE LEVEL OF HEAT RELEASED IN ANY CHEMICAL REACTION. IT
GIVES CORRECT RESULTS ABOUT THE HEAT RELEASED DURING
NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS.

Vll, CONCLUSIONS
FROM THIS EXPERIMENT, IT COULD BE CONCLUDED THAT THE CALORIMETER
WAS SUCCESSFUL IN MEASURING THE HEAT OF REACTION FOR THE
NEUTRALIZATION REACTION BETWEEN HCL AND NAOH. APART FROM THIS, THE
CALORIMETER HEAT CAPACITY WAS DETERMINED THAT MADE IT POSSIBLE TO
CALCULATE THE AMOUNT OF ABSORBED HEAT BY THE REACTING SOLUTION
WITH GOOD ACCURACY. THE RESULTS SUPPORTED THE FACT THAT THE
REACTION WAS EXOTHERMIC AS SEEN IN THE ELEVATION OF THE
TEMPERATURE OF THE SOLUTION AND THE DETERMINATION OF THE HEAT OF
REACTION TO BE 79.632 KCAL/MOL. THIS SHOWS THAT CALORIMETRY IS A
SOUND AND USEFUL METHOD TO MEASURE HEAT CHANGES IN CHEMICAL
REACTIONS, SUCH AS IN NEUTRALIZATION REACTIONS, FOR THE RELEASE OF
HEAT DURING THE FORMATION OF NEW BONDS IN THE PRODUCTS.

Vlll. RECOMMENDATIONS
RECOMMENDATION FOR THE EXPERIMENT: THE TEMPERATURE READING
SHOULD BE MORE ACCURATE USING A MORE SENSITIVE THERMOMETER TO
REDUCE THE CHANCES OF BEING WRONGLY DETECTED IN SMALL
TEMPERATURE CHANGES. EFFECTIVE INSULATION OF THE CALORIMETER MAY
REDUCE HEAT LOSS TO THE SURROUNDING, SO THAT SUCH RESULTS IN
DETERMINING THE HEAT OF REACTION MAY YIELD MORE ACCURATE
FINDINGS. REPEATING SUCH AN EXPERIMENT SEVERAL TIMES WITH AN
AVERAGE OF THE RESULTS MAY HELP IN IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF THE
FINDINGS.

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