WEBSITE :

Website is a collection of related web pages that may contain text, images, audio and video.
The first page of a website is called home page. Each website has specific internet address
(URL) that you need to enter in your browser to access a website.
For example: https://www.atasctkm.org
How to access Websites?
When we type a certain URL in a browser search bar, the browser requests the page
from the Web server and the Web server returns the required web page and its content to the
browser. Now, it differs how the server returns the information required in the case of static
and dynamic websites.
Types of Website:
 Static Website
 Dynamic Website
Static Website:
In Static Websites, Web pages are returned by the server which are prebuilt source code
files built using simple languages such as HTML, CSS, or JavaScript. There is no processing
of content on the server (according to the user) in Static Websites. Web pages are returned by
the server with no change therefore, static Websites are fast. There is no interaction with
databases. Also, they are less costly as the host does not need to support server-side processing
with different languages.

Static does not mean that it will not respond to user actions, These Websites are called static
because these cannot be manipulated on the server or interact with databases.
 Dynamic Website:
In Dynamic Websites, Web pages are returned by the server which are processed
during runtime means they are not prebuilt web pages but they are built during runtime
according to the user’s demand with the help of server-side scripting languages such as PHP,
Node.js, ASP.NET and many more supported by the server. So, they are slower than static
websites but updates and interaction with databases are possible.
Dynamic Websites are used over Static Websites as updates can be done very easily as
compared to static websites (Where altering in every page is required) but in Dynamic
Websites, it is possible to do a common change once and it will reflect in all the web pages.

Architecture of Dynamic Website

Static vs Dynamic website :

Prebuilt content is same every time the page is Content is generated quickly and changes
loaded. regularly.
It uses the HTML code for developing a It uses the server side languages such as PHP,
website. SERVLET, JSP, and ASP.NET etc. for
developing a website.

It sends exactly the same response for every It may generate different HTML for each of
request. the request.
The content is only changed when someone The page contains "server-side" code which
publishes and updates the file (sends it to the allows the server to generate the unique
web server). content when the page is loaded.

Flexibility is the main advantage of static Content Management System (CMS) is the
website. main advantage of dynamic website.

How to publish a website ?

To publish a website, you'll need a domain name, hosting, and your website files. Here are some
steps you can take to publish a website:
 Choose a domain name
This is the web address that people will use to find your website. You can purchase a domain
name separately or together with hosting.
 Choose a theme
Select a theme that matches your website's purpose. For example, you can choose a blog
template if you're building a blog, or an online store template if you're creating an eCommerce
site.
 Prepare your website files
Gather all the files you need, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and images, into a folder on
your computer. Make sure all your files are ready to be deployed.
 Host your website
Website hosting is like renting space on a server to store your website's files.
  Publish your website
Depending on the platform you're using, you can publish your website in different ways:
Google Sites: Open your site in Google Sites, click Publish, enter a public name for your
site's URL, and click Publish again.
GitHub Pages: Enable GitHub Pages for your repository, specify the source of your
website files, and GitHub will automatically publish your website.
WordPress: Install WordPress to your web space. The process for doing this varies by
service, but with managed WordPress hosts, it's usually just a few clicks.

Introduction to domain :
Every computer on the Internet has an address which is unique in nature. It is a string of
numbers and is referred to as IP address. To communicate with each other, computers identify
another computer via its IP address. It is represented in either dotted decimal notation or in binary
decimal notation. Example: The address 172.16.122.204 when represented like these in dotted-
decimal notation and it can be converted into binary notation. After conversion, it becomes
10101100 00010000 01111010 11001100.

Types of Domain Names :

DNS has organized all the domain names in a hierarchical structure. At the top of this
hierarchy come various Top-level domains followed by second and third-level domains and
sub-domains. All these types of domain names are listed as follows –

Top Level Domains (TLD) :

The Top Level Domains are at the highest level in DNS structure of the Internet. It is
sometimes also referred to as an extension. It is further categorized into- country code TLDs
and generic TLDs which Country is described as follows –
 Country code Top Level Domain (ccDLDs) :
It consists of two-letter domains that include one entry for every country. Example – .in for
India, .au for Australia, .us for United Nations, .jp for Japan etc. To target the local
audience it is used by companies and organizations . Only the residents of the country are
 allowed to is their specified ccTLD but now some countries allowed the users outside their
country to register their corresponding ccTLDs.
 Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs) :
These are open for registration to all the users regardless of their citizenship, residence or
age. Some of the gTLD s are .com for commercial sites, .net for network companies, .biz
for business, .org for organizations, .edu for education.
There are various other levels which are below TLDs –
Second Level :
It is just below the TLD in the DNS hierarchy. It is also named as the label. Example:
in .co.in, .co is the second-level domain under the .in in ccTLD.
Third Level :
It is directly below the second level. Example: in yahoo.co.in, .yahoo is the third level
domain under the second level domain .co which is under the .in ccTLD.
Sub-domain :
It is the part of a higher domain name in DNS hierarchy. Example: yahoo.com comprises a
subdomain of the .com domain, and login.yahoo.com comprises a subdomain of the
domain .yahoo.com.
Advantages of Domain Name :
User not need to remember the IP address.
More reliable and secure.
Disadvantages of Domain Name :
IP address changes due to several reasons, due to this IP address of the computer get
changed but DNS may have cached previous IP which will lead to give us wrong
information.

WEB HOSTING :

Web Hosting is a service that allows hosting/post-web-server applications (website or web

page) on a computer system through which web-browser clients can have easy access to
electronic content on the Internet.
Web Server or Web Host is a computer system that provides web hosting. When Internet
users want to view your website, all they need to do is type your website address or domain into
their browser. The user’s computer will then connect to your server and your web pages will be
delivered to them through the browser.
The web hosts allow the customers to place documents, such as HTML pages, graphics, and
other multimedia files, etc. onto a special type of computer called a web server. It provides a
constant and high-speed connection to the backbone of the Internet.
SS
Different types of Web Hosting :

1. Free Hosting

2. Shared/Virtual Hosting

3. Dedicated Hosting

4. Co-located Hosting

5. VPS (Virtual Private Server) Hosting

 6. Cloud Hosting

7. Managed Hosting

8. Reseller Hosting

9. WordPress Hosting

1. Free Hosting

Free Hosting is a non-paid web hosting service. Many prominent sites offer to host some
web pages at no cost, such as Hostinger.
Advantages:
o Free of cost
o Websites can host advertisements, banners, and other advertising media
Disadvantages:
o Lacks customer support
o Low bandwidth and lesser data transfer
o No control over your website

2. Shared/Virtual Hosting:

Shared or Virtual Hosting is a web hosting service where many websites reside on one web
server connected to the internet. It allows presenting oneself as a fully independent identity to the
web audience under one’s own domain name, like www.yourname.com, with a hosting plan.
Advantages:
o Easy and affordable
o Secured by hosting provider
o 24/7 technical support
Disadvantages:
o Shared resources can slow down the server
o Less flexible than dedicated hosting

3. Dedicated Hosting:

Dedicated Hosting involves hosting on a dedicated server and is best suited for large
websites with high traffic. Companies rent an entire web server from a hosting company for their
exclusive use. This setup is ideal for hosting larger websites, managing others’ sites, or operating
big online malls, such as those hosted on Google Cloud.
Advantages:
o Ideal for large businesses
o Strong database support
o Unlimited software support
Here are some ways to promote a website:
  Create quality content: Create content that is high quality.
 Optimize content: Optimize content with quality keywords.
 Use social media: Use social media to promote your website.
 Implement email campaigns: Implement email campaigns to promote your website.
 Create quality backlinks: Create quality backlinks to promote your website.
 Boost traffic through paid ads: Boost traffic to your website through paid ads.
 Collaborate with influencers: Collaborate with influencers to promote your website.
 Optimize internal links: Optimize internal links to promote your website.

PROGRAM :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<title>Sample Webpage</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="c:/pons/style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="topbar">
</div>
<div id="container">
<div id="header">
<img src="c:pons/logo.png" />
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#">HOME</a></li>
<li><a href="#">ABOUT</a></li>
<li><a href="#">SERVICE</a></li>
<li><a href="#">GALLERY</a></li>
<li><a href="#">PORTFOLIO</a></li>
<li><a href="#">CONTACT US</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="banner">
<img src="c:/pons/design.png" />
</div>
<div id="content1">
<h3>Welcome !</h3>
<p><h5>Reliance painting company produces high quality paints with an emphasis on innovation and
ecofriendliness.We are driven by the philosophy to consistently deliverpaint solutions that not only serve
your needs but also protect the world we live in.With a supportive team and an innovative work
culture</h5></p>
<a href="#" class="more">Read More...</a>
</div>
<div id="content2">
<h4>Our Services !</h4>
<p>Reliance painting company store is the painting solutions to your dream houses,corporate offices and
housing structures.Get in touch with us with your queries .Get consultations with our experts for your
projects.</p>
<a href="#" class="more">Read More...</a>
</div>
<div id="content3">
<h4>About Us !</h4>
<p>Reliance Painting company was the first privately owned Indian company to enter the Fortune 500.
Headquarters are in Mumbai. Reliance Commercial Corporation was set up in 1958 by Dhirubhai Ambani
as a small venture firm trading commodities, especially spices and polyester yarn</p>
<a href="#" class="more">Read More...</a>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
style.css :
#topbar
{
background-color:#1F1F1F;
height:30px;
width:100%;
color:red;
}
body
{
background-color:white;
}
#container
{
height:700px;
width:70%;
margin:0px auto;
}
#header
{
height:80px;
background-color:#FEFEFE;
}
#header img
{
height:80px;
}
#header ul
{
float:right;
}
#header ul li
{
display:inline;
margin-right:20px;
}
#header ul li a
{
color:grey;
text-decoration:none;
font-size:18px;
}
#banner img
{
width:100%;
padding-bottom:20px;
}
#content1
{
width:32%;
height:250px;
background-color:#F86900;
float:left;
margin-right:2%;
}
#content2
{
width:32%;
height:250px;
background-color:#FFC502;
float:left;
margin-right:2%;
}
#content3
{
width:32%;
height:250px;
background-color:#A2C511;
float:right;
}
.heading
{
color:white;
margin-left:20px;
font-size:28px;
}
.para1
{
color:white;
margin-left:20px;
margin-right:5px;
}
.more
{
text-decoration:none;
color:black;
background-color:white;
padding:8px;
margin-left:20px;
}
}
OUTPUT :