sfo{d"ns cg';Gwfg

@)*!

k|:tf]tf
gfd M clgtf Gof}kfg] ;fksf]6f \
;+s]t g+= M !**!$(
tx M lg=df=lj=
ljifo M ;fdflhs
ljBfnosf] gfd M >L lbJoHof]lt dfWolds ljBfno
dfyfu9L # s;]gL ;/fO{ kfNkf
sfo{d'ns cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg

k|:t't stf{sf] gfd M lxdsnf 9sfn

tx M k|f=lj= t[tLo
laBfnosf] gfd M s'df/jtL{ df=lj sf]Nx'jf gjnk/f;L -
a=;'=k"j{_
l;6/f]n g+= M !*)(@&
cg';Gwfgsf] gfdM sIff % sf laBfyL{x?nfO{ g]kfnsf]
gS;f lgdf{0f ug{ s;/L ;Ifd agfpg ;lsPnf <

!= k[i7e"dL
s'g}klg JolQmn] sg} klg If]qdf sfd ubf{ p;n]
canDag u/]sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd k|ls|ofaf6 ;xh}
ck]lIft pknlAw xf+l;n x'G5 eGg] x'Fb}g . cfˆgf]
sfo{If]qdf lgk"0f{ x'gsf] nflu sfo{;Dkfbg sf] qmddf
cfO{k/]sf ljleGg ;d:ofx?nfO{ kQf
nufpg] / ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu of]hgf agfO{ ;f]xL cg'?
k sfof{Gjog ug]{, k|fKt pknlAwsf] n]vfhf]vf /
d"NofFsg ub}{ ;d:of ;dfwfg gx'Fbf ;Dd lg/Gt/ ;'wf/
ub}{ ;kmntf xfl;n ug]{ k|qm[of g} sfo{d"ns
cg';Gwfg xf] .
lzIfsx?nfO{ cf–cfˆgf] If]qdf k|efasf/L ?kdf
sfo{;Dkfbgsf] nflu sfo{d"ns cg';Gwfg ;Lk cfjZos
kb{5 . ToxL cfjZostfnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ k|Tos
lzIfsn] cfkm"n] lzIf0f l;sfO{ ;xlhs/0f
ubf{ ef]Ug'k/]sf] ;d:of 5gf]6 u/L pQm ;d:of dfly
sfo{d"ns cg';Gwfg ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] d}n] sIff % sf
ljBfyL{x?df ;fdflhs ljifo cGtu{t ælaBfyL{x?
nfO{ g]kfnsf] gS;f lgdf{0f ug{ s;/L ;Ifd
agfpg ;lsPnfÆ eGg] ;d:ofdf cfwfl/t eO{ sfo{d"ns
cg';Gwfg u/L ;f]sf] k|lta]bg tof/ u/]sL 5' .

@= ;d:ofsf] syg tyf ;d:ofsf] klxrfg M

o; >L s'df/jtL{ dfWoflds ljBfno dWoljGb' @,
sf]Nx'jfsf] sIff % sf @* laBfyL{x? dWo @! hgf
ljBfyL{x?n] g]kfnsf] gS;f lgdf{0f ug{ / tYox?
eg{ sl7g ePsf]n] of] ;d:of ;'wf/sf] nflu sfo{d"ns
cg';Gwfgsf] ljifoj:t' /x]sf] 5 .

#= cg';Gwfgsf] p2]Zo M
o; sfo{d"ns cg';Gwfgsf d"Vo p2]Zox?
lgDglnlvt /x]sf 5g\ .
s_ gS;fdf k|of]ux'g] ;+s]tx?sf] k|of]u ug{
v_ laleGg lalwx?sf] k|of]u u/L k|efjsf/L ?kdf gS;f
lgdf{0f ug{

$= ;d:ofsf ;Defljt sf/0fx? M

s_ gS;fdf k|of]ux'g] ;+s]tx?sf] af/]df 1fg gePsf] .
v_ gS;f lgdf{0f ug]{ laBfyL{s]lGb|t lzIf0f ljlwsf]
cefj ePsf] .
u_ l;sfO{ ;xlhs/0fdf cfw'lgs z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lsf] k|of]u
gePsf] .
3_ laBfyL{x?df cEof; ug]{ pTk|]/0ffsf] cefj ePsf] .
ª_ gS;f lgdf{0f lalwx?sf] laBfyL{x?df hfgsf/L gePsf]
.

%= ;d:of ;dfwfgsf ;Defljt lasNkx? / ljsNksf] k|

fyldsLs/0f M
s_ gS;fdf k|of]ux'g] ;+s]t / gS;f lgdf{0fsf] nflu
ljBfyL{s]lGb|t lzIf0f ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]{ .
v_ l;sfO{ ;xlhs/0fdf cfw'lgs / ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlwdf
cfwfl/t ;fdfu|Lsf] k|of]u ug]{ .
u_ laBfyL{x?df k|;:t cEof; u/fpg / 3/df klg cEof; ug{
lzIfs cleefjs cGt/lqmof / 5nkmn ug]{ / pTs[i6 gS;f
agfpg]nfO{ xf};nf :j?k k'/:sf/sf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
3_ laBfyL{x?nfO{ ;d"xsfo{ / vf]hd"ns sfo{ ug{sf]
nflu clek|]l/t ug]{ .
ª_ sdhf]/ laBfyLx?nfO{ l;sfO{ ;d:of klxrfg u/L
pkrf/fTds l;sfO{ ;xlhs/0f ug]{ .

^_ d"Vo sfo{ r/0fx? M

of]hgf
s'g}klg sfo{;Dkfbgsf] nflu cyjf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf]
nflu of]hgf agfpg' kb{5 . lagf of]hgf
s'g}klg ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] ;Dkfbg x'g ;Sb}g . lsgeg],
of]hgfdf s] ug]{, s:tf z}lIfs ;fdfu|L k|of]u ug]{,
slxn] ug]{ s;n] ug]{, s;/L ug]{ eGg]af/] pNn]v
x'G5 . o;/L of]hgf agfO{ ;d:of ;dfwfg ul/of] eg]
kSs}klg cfkm"n] agfPsf] of]hgfsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf]
nIodf k'Ug ;lsG5 . To;sf/0f of] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu
of]hgf agfO{ lgDgfg';f/ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

qm s] ug]{ slxn] s;/L ;fdfu|

=; ug]]{- ug]{ Lx?
+= ldlt_ -lalw_
! gS;fsf] cjwf/0ff @)*!.)@. 5nkmn kf7\
af]w u/fpg] @) ljlw k| ok':ts
of]u
@ gS;fdf k| @)*!.)@. k|bz{g lrqx?sf]
of]ux'g] ; @! ljlw k| k|of]u
+s]tx?sf] of]u ug]{
l;sfO{ ;xlhs/0f
u/fpg]
# gS;f lgdf{0f @)*!.)@. 5nkmn, kfj/
ljlwx?sf] af]w k|bz{g KjfO{G6,
u/fpg] @@ :nfO8,sD
Ko"6/, k|
f]h]S6/
$ g]kfnsf] gS;f @)*!.)@. ju{ ljlw :s]n,
lgdf{0f cEof; @# k]lG;n,
u/fpg] O/]h/,
g]kfnsf]
gS;fsf]
lrq
% lzIfs cleefjs @)*!.)@. 5nkmn /
5nkmn ug]{ @$ cGt/lqm
of
^ laBfyL{x?nfO{ @)*!.)@. ;d"x rf6{k]k/,
g]kfnsf] g:;f @% sfo{, k]lG;n,
lgdf{0f cEof; Uofn/L O/]h/, :s]
u/fpg] jfs n
& gS;fdf tYox? @)*!.)@. kl/ OG6/g]6,
vf]h]/ @& of]hgf sDKo"6/
eg{ l;sfpg] . - sfo{
Google Earth
af6_
sfof{Gjog M
pNn]lvt ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu of]hgf cg'?ksf]
sfo{ ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . o;/L of]hgfsf] sfo{nfO{ g}
sfof{Gjog elgG5 . sfof{Gjogsf r/0fx? o;k|sf/ 5g\ .

@)*!.)@.@) ut] ;j{k|yd laBfyL{x?nfO{ gS;fsf]

hfgsf/L eP gePsf] kQf nufpgsf] nflu gS;f af/] ;f]FRg
nufp5' . hf]l8df gS;fsf] kl/ro n]Vg nufp5' / k|:t't
ug{ nufp5' . gS;faf/] kf7\ok':tsdf cWoog
ug{ nufO{ ;d"xdf 5nkmn u/L lgisif{ lgsfNg
nufp5' .

@)*!.)@.@! ut], gS;fdf k|of]ux'g] ;+s]tx?sf] lrqx?

k|:t't ub}{ laBfyL{x?nfO{ klg To:t} ;+s]tx? agfpg
nufO{ kfn}kfnf] k|:t't ug{ nufO{of] .

@)*!.)@.@@ ut], laBfyL{x?nfO{ kfj/KjfOG6 :nfO8

4f/f gS;f lgdf{0fsf ljleGg ljlw / ltgsf] k|of]u ug]{
tl/sf ul/of] / laBfyL{x?nfO{ cjnf]sg 5nkmn
ug{ nufO{ gS;f lgdf{0f ljlwx? l6kf]6
ug{ nufO{of] .

@)*!.)@.@# ut], laBfyL{x?nfO{ :s]n, gS;fsf] lrq,

O/]h/, k]lG;nsf] k|of]u u/L ju{ ljlw4f/f gS;f lgdf{0f
ug]{ lg/Gt/ cEof; ug{ nufOof] / cfjZos ;xlhs/0f ,
k[i7kf]if0f k|bfg ul/of] . pTs[i6 gS;f lgdf{0f ug]
{ laBfyL{nfO{ yk xf};nfsf] nflu Ps Ps j6f sfkL
k"/:sf/ :j?k k|bfg ul/of] .

@)*!.)@.@$ ut], laBfnodf cleefjs af]nfO{ gS;f

lgdf{0fsf] cEof; ug{sf] nflu 3/df klg
cleefjsn] ;xlhs/0f / k|f]T;fxg ul/lbg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/of]
o;f] ubf{ laBfyL{x?n] gS;f lgdf{0fdf ;sf/fTds ;'wf/
cfPsf] kfO{of] .

@)*!.)@.@% ut], laBfyL{x?nfO{ $.$ hgfsf] &

j6f ;d"x agfO{ g]kfnsf] gS;f ;d"xdf lgdf{0f
ug{ nufOof] / kfn}kfnf] ;fyLx?sf] gS;f x]b}{ Uofn/L
jfs u/fpb} cjnf]sg / ;'wf/ ug{ nufOof] . pTs[i6 gS;f
lgdf{0f ug]{nfO{ k'/:sf/ clg sdhf]/ laBfyL{nfO{ yk
cEof; ug{ nufOof] .

@)*!.)@.@& ut], laBfyL{x?n] lgdf{0f u/]sf gS;fdf

tYo eg{sf] nflu sDKo"6/ Nofadf nu]/ pgLx?nfO{
Internet df Google Earth sf] k|of]u u/]/
ef}uf]lns / ;f+:s[lts tYox? eg{ nufOof] .
canf]sg M
laBfyL{x?df g]kfnsf] gS;f lgdf{0f ug{ ;Ifd
agfpgsf] nflu d}n] ldlt @)*!.)@.@) ut] b]lv
@)*!.)@.@& ut];Dd laleGg 5nkmn, k|bz{g,
OG6/g]6 ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlwsf] k|of]u, k|of]ufTds /
kl/of]hgf sfo{, cleefjs ;+u 5nkmn / cGt/lqmof,
laBfyL{x?df pTk|]/0ff / laBfyL{ s]lGb|t cfw'lgs
lalwsf] k|of]u u/L l;sfO{ ;xlhs/0f ubf{ o;af6 b]lvPsf
gofF kl/jt{g, d}n] ckgfPsf lqmofsnfk pknlAwd"ns
ePsf] hfgsf/L kfPF
. d}n] sIff % sf @* hgf laBfyL{x?df u/]sf] of]
cg';Gwfgdf km/s l;sfO{ 9fFrf, z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lsf] plrt
k|of]u, /f]dflG6s jftfj/0f, ;d"x sfo{, PSn} cflb laleGg
/0fgLlts of]hgf ckgfP/ l;sfO{ pknlAw xfl;n ePsf]
kfP . ca pgLx? cfFkm} g]kfnsf] gS;f lgdf{0f
ug{ ;Ifd ePsf] kfP . w]/} v';L nfUof] of] pknlAwaf6
sIffdf l;h{gfTds jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/L
laBfyL{ cfkm}nfO{ ;lqmo / v';Lsf ;fy /fVb} l;sfpb},
;xhstf{ klg Plss[t / lqmoflzn aGb} cuf8L a9\b}
uPdf nIodf k'Ug cjZo ;lsbf] /x]5 .

k|ltljDag M
d}n] sIff % sf] @* hgf laBfyL{x?nfO{ gS;f
lgdf{0fdf ;Ifd agfpgsf] nflu u/]sf] k|of; ;du|df k"/f
eof] of ePg hfFr ug{sf] nflu k|ltljDag
sfo{ lgDgfg';f/ eof] .
s_ afnaflnsfx?nfO{ gS;f lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf
ckgfPsf ;dfu|L, ljlw, ;d"xsfo{, kl/of]hgf sfo{, af/]
5nkmn ubf{ gS;f lgdf{0fdf ;xh / k|efjsf/L
ePsf] / ;kmn ePsf] kfOof] .
v_ afnaflnsfx? l;sfO{df ;lqmo /x]sf] kfOof] .
u_ afnaflnsfx? gS;flgdf{0f k|lt ?lr /fVg yfn] .
3_ lzIf0f k|efjsf/L ePsf] kfPF .

&= lgisif{ / ;'emfa M

laBfyL{x?nfO{ k|efjsf/L 9+un] gS;f
sf]g{ nufP/ l;sfpbf pgLx?n] g]kfnsf] h'g;'s}
ef}uf]lns gS;f agfpg ;Sg] ePsf 5g\ . o;/L xfdL lzIfsn]
kf7\ok':ts dfq geP/ ;|f]t / ;fwgx?sf] k|of]u, vf]h / k|
ljlw ;+u} laBfyL{ s]lGb|t lalw ckgfP/ tyf laBfyL{x?
nfO{ l;sfO{k|lt pT;flxt / nuglzn eP/ nfUg k|f]T;fxg
ug'"{kg]{ 5 . o;/L clxn]sf] @! cf}F ;tfAbLdf tyf
la1fg / k|ljlwsf] o"udf lzIff ;DaGwL j]a;fO{8sf] k|
of]u u/L laBfyL{x?nfO{ 1fg, l;k / Ifdtfsf] clea[l4
u/fpg ;lsG5 .