Implicit Cursor

1. The bank manager has decided to activate all those accounts which were previously marked as
inactive for performing no transaction in last 365 days. Write a PL/SQ block (using implicit cursor)
to update the status of account, display an approximate message based on the no. of rows
affected by the update.

(Use of FOUND, %NOTFOUND, %ROWCOUNT)

OUTPUT :

CREATE TABLE account (acc_no int primary key , status varchar(20) , last_transaction_date DATE);

INSERT into account values (1,'INACTIVE',SYSDATE-500);

INSERT into account values (2,'ACTIVE',SYSDATE-10);
INSERT into account values (3,'INACTIVE',SYSDATE-400);
INSERT into account values (4,'INACTIVE',SYSDATE-55);
INSERT into account values (5,'INACTIVE',SYSDATE-567);
INSERT into account values (6,'ACTIVE',SYSDATE-50);
INSERT into account values (7,'ACTIVE',SYSDATE-5);

select * FROM account where status='INACTIVE' AND last_transaction_date <= SYSDATE-365;

DECLARE
row_count number;

BEGIN

FOR REC IN (select * FROM account where status='INACTIVE' AND last_transaction_date <=
SYSDATE-365)
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('account NO : ' || REC.acc_no || ', status : ' || REC.status || ', date :' ||
REC.last_transaction_date);
end LOOP;

update account
set status = 'ACTIVE' where status='INACTIVE' AND last_transaction_date <= SYSDATE-365;

IF SQL%FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The update was successful.');
row_count := SQL%ROWCOUNT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The row count is ' || row_count);
 ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No rows were updated.');
END IF;

FOR REC IN (select * FROM account )

LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('account NO : ' || REC.acc_no || ', status : ' || REC.status || ', date :' ||
REC.last_transaction_date);
end LOOP;

END;
/

EXPLICIT CURSOR:

2. Organization has decided to increase the salary of employees by 10% of existing salary, who are
having salary less than average salary of organization, Whenever such salary updates takes place,
a record for the same is maintained in the increment_salary table.

EMP (E_no, Salary)

increment_salary(E_no, Salary)

OUTPUT :

CREATE TABLE EMP (

E_no INT PRIMARY KEY,

Salary DECIMAL(10,2)

);

INSERT INTO EMP (E_no, Salary) VALUES (101, 50000);

INSERT INTO EMP (E_no, Salary) VALUES (102, 40000);

INSERT INTO EMP (E_no, Salary) VALUES (103, 55000);

INSERT INTO EMP (E_no, Salary) VALUES (104, 35000);

INSERT INTO EMP (E_no, Salary) VALUES (105, 45000);

CREATE TABLE increment_salary (

E_no INT PRIMARY KEY,

 Salary DECIMAL(10,2)

);

DECLARE

CURSOR emp_cursor IS

SELECT E_no, Salary

FROM EMP

WHERE Salary < (SELECT AVG(Salary) FROM EMP);

v_E_no EMP.E_no%TYPE;

v_Salary EMP.Salary%TYPE;

v_New_Salary EMP.Salary%TYPE;

BEGIN

OPEN emp_cursor;

LOOP

FETCH emp_cursor INTO v_E_no, v_Salary;

EXIT WHEN emp_cursor%NOTFOUND;

v_New_Salary := v_Salary * 1.10;

UPDATE EMP

SET Salary = v_New_Salary

WHERE E_no = v_E_no;

INSERT INTO increment_salary (E_no, Salary)

VALUES (v_E_no, v_New_Salary);

END LOOP;

CLOSE emp_cursor;

COMMIT;

END;

/
3. Write PL/SQL block using explicit cursor for following requirements:

College has decided to mark all those students detained (D) who are having attendance less than
75%. Whenever such update takes place, a record for the same is maintained in the D_Stud table.

create table stud21(roll number(4), att number(4), status varchar(1));

create table d_stud(roll number(4), att number(4));

OUTPUT:

CREATE TABLE stud21 (

roll NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,

att NUMBER(4),

status VARCHAR2(1)

);

INSERT INTO stud21 VALUES (1001, 80, 'P');

INSERT INTO stud21 VALUES (1002, 70, 'P');

INSERT INTO stud21 VALUES (1003, 60, 'P');

INSERT INTO stud21 VALUES (1004, 90, 'P');

INSERT INTO stud21 VALUES (1005, 50, 'P');

CREATE TABLE d_stud (

roll NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,

att NUMBER(4)

);

DECLARE

CURSOR stud_cursor IS

SELECT roll, att FROM stud21 WHERE att < 75;

v_roll stud21.roll%TYPE;
 v_att stud21.att%TYPE;

BEGIN

OPEN stud_cursor;

LOOP

FETCH stud_cursor INTO v_roll, v_att;

EXIT WHEN stud_cursor%NOTFOUND;

UPDATE stud21

SET status = 'D'

WHERE roll = v_roll;

INSERT INTO d_stud (roll, att)

VALUES (v_roll, v_att);

END LOOP;

CLOSE stud_cursor;

COMMIT;

END;

Write a PL/SQL block of code using parameterized Cursor, that will merge the data available in the
newly created table N RollCall with the data available in the table O_RoliCall. If the data in the first
table already exist in the second table then that data should be skipped.

OUTPUT :

CREATE TABLE N_RollCall (

roll NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,

name VARCHAR2(50),
 attendance NUMBER(3)

);

INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (1001, 'Aniket', 85);

INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (1002, 'kartik', 70);

INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (1003, 'sai', 90);

CREATE TABLE O_RollCall (

roll NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,

name VARCHAR2(50),

attendance NUMBER(3)

);

INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (1002, 'kartik', 70);

INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (1004, 'Babar', 95);

DECLARE

CURSOR roll_cursor(p_roll NUMBER) IS

SELECT roll, name, attendance

FROM N_RollCall

WHERE roll = p_roll;

v_roll N_RollCall.roll%TYPE;

v_name N_RollCall.name%TYPE;

v_attendance N_RollCall.attendance%TYPE;

BEGIN

FOR rec IN (SELECT roll FROM N_RollCall) LOOP

OPEN roll_cursor(rec.roll);

FETCH roll_cursor INTO v_roll, v_name, v_attendance;

CLOSE roll_cursor;
 IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM O_RollCall WHERE roll = v_roll) THEN

INSERT INTO O_RollCall (roll, name, attendance)

VALUES (v_roll, v_name, v_attendance);

END IF;

END LOOP;

COMMIT;

END;

Write the PL/SQL block for following requirements using parameterized Cursor:

Consider table EMP(e_no, d_no, Salary), department wise average salary should be inserted into
new table dept_salary(d_no, Avg_salary)

OUTPUT :

CREATE TABLE EMP (

e_no NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,

d_no NUMBER(4),

Salary NUMBER(10,2)

);

INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (1001, 10, 50000);

INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (1002, 10, 60000);

INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (1003, 20, 70000);

INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (1004, 20, 80000);

INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (1005, 30, 90000);

CREATE TABLE dept_salary (

d_no NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,

Avg_salary NUMBER(10,2)
);

DECLARE

CURSOR dept_cursor(p_dno NUMBER) IS

SELECT d_no, AVG(Salary) AS Avg_salary

FROM EMP

WHERE d_no = p_dno

GROUP BY d_no;

v_dno EMP.d_no%TYPE;

v_Avg_salary dept_salary.Avg_salary%TYPE;

BEGIN

FOR rec IN (SELECT DISTINCT d_no FROM EMP) LOOP

OPEN dept_cursor(rec.d_no);

FETCH dept_cursor INTO v_dno, v_Avg_salary;

CLOSE dept_cursor;

INSERT INTO dept_salary (d_no, Avg_salary)

VALUES (v_dno, v_Avg_salary);

END LOOP;

COMMIT;

END;