K J’s Educational Institute

Trinity Academy of Engineering , Pune

( Accredited by NAAC “A+” )

CERTIFICATE OF SUBMISSION

This is to certify that a student

of Division , Roll Number has successfully completed Sport as part
of the Co-Curricular Course- II requirement for the academic year 2024-25.

The student has actively engaged in the training sessions, competitions, and other related
activities as per the guidelines set by the institution. This certificate is issued as proof of
their submission and successful completion of the co-curricular course- II.

Date:
Place:

Subject In-Charge Head of Department

(Prof. Sachin C. Rathod) (Dr. Vijay A. Galande.)

 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)
Assignment No
01 Volleyball
Volleyball has an interesting history that begins in the late 19th century:
• Origins:
1895: Volleyball was invented by William G. Morgan, the physical education director at the
YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was initially called "Mintonette," but was created as a less
intense alternative to basketball for older YMCA members.
• Evolution:
1896: The name "volleyball" was adopted during a demonstration game, reflecting the game's
objective of volleying the ball back and forth over a net.
1900: Morgan published the first official rules, the game being played in gymnasiums.
• International spread:
1907: Volleyball was introduced in Canada.
1913: The first international volleyball match was played in the Philippines, where the game
gained significant popularity.
• Organizations established:
1947: The Federation Internationals de Volleyball (FIVB) was founded to organize international
competitions.
• Olympic recognition:
1964: Volleyball was officially included in the Olympics with men's and women's competitions
held in Tokyo.
• Modern development:
The sport has evolved into various forms, including beach volleyball, which became an Olympic
sport in 1996.

In volleyball, there are generally five officials for a match:

1. First referee: Also known as the "up referee", they observe the match from a stand
above the net and make final decisions on plays.
2. Second referee: Located on the opposite side of the court, they assist the first referee and
handle issues such as substitutions and serve calls.
3. Scorekeeper: This official keeps track of scores, rotations, and timeouts.
4. Libero tracker: Responsible for tracking the Libero's substitutions and playing time.
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 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)
5. Linesmen: Usually two, they guard the side and end lines, signaling when the ball is out
of bounds.
This structure helps maintain fair play and ensures that all aspects of the game are played
effectively.

• Volleyball court or field:

Size: A standard court is 18 meters long and 9 meters wide (59 feet by 29.5 feet).
Zones: The court is divided into two equal halves, with a center line separating the teams.
Net height: The height of the net varies by gender; for men's competitions, it is set at
2.43 meters (7 feet 11 5/8 inches) and for women, it is set at 2.24 meters (7 feet 4 1/8 inches).
Net width: The net is 1 meter wide.
Attack line: Located 3 meters from the net, this line defines the attack zone for the front row of
players.
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Q.1) List five volleyball players along with the country they represent.

Q2) What is the difference between indoor and beach volleyball?

Q3) What are 5 famous international volleyball tournaments?

Sign
(Prof. Sachin C. Rathod)

pg. 2
 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)

Assignment No
02 Kabaddi
Kabaddi is a traditional sport originating in India, with roots dating back over 4,000 years. It is
believed to have evolved from ancient combat training and rural games.

• Historical development
1. Ancient origins: References to Kabaddi can be found in texts such as the
Mahabharata, which indicate its existence in ancient Indian culture.
2. Regional variants: The sport has numerous regional variants in India and South Asia,
each with slight variations in rules and pitches.
3. Modern era: Kabaddi received structured recognition in the early 20th century,
with formal rules established.
4. National and international recognition:
The All India Kabaddi Federation was formed in 1952, which led to the start of organised
competitions.
Kabaddi was included in the Asian Games starting in 1990, which further increased its
popularity.
5. Pro Kabaddi League: Launched in 2014, this league brought a professional approach to
the sport, which significantly increased its viewership and fan base.

Cultural Significance :
Kabaddi is not just a game; it reflects the values of teamwork, strategy, and agility.
• Dimensions
Size: The standard court size is 13 meters long and 10 meters wide for men's games, and 12
meters long and 8 meters wide for women's games.
• Markings
1. Midline: Divides the court into two equal halves.
2. Baulk Line: Located 3.75 meters from the midline, it indicates where the raider must turn
back after crossing.
3. Bonus Line: Positioned 1 meter inside the opponent's half, crossing this line allows the
raider to earn an extra point.

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 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)
Kabaddi requires a combination of physical and strategic skills. Here are some key skills
essential for success in the sport:

1. Raiding Skills
Agility: Quick movements and the ability to dodge defenders

2. Defensive Skills
Tackling: Effective techniques to catch and immobilize raiders.
Team Coordination: Working with teammates to strategize and execute defensive
plays.

3. Physical Fitness
Endurance: Stamina to sustain energy throughout the match. Strength:
Building physical power for both offense and defence.

4. Mental Skills
Strategic Thinking: Developing game plans and adapting to opponents' strategies.
Quick Decision-Making: Making fast choices under pressure during game play.
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Q1) What are the 5 major international Kabaddi tournaments?

Q2) Enlist 5 National and International Kabaddi players.

Q3) What are the different types of raids in Kabaddi?

Sign
(Prof. Sachin C. Rathod)

pg. 4
 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)

Assignment No
03 Basketball
Basketball has a rich history that dates back to its invention in 1891. Here’s a brief overview:
• Origins
Invention: Basketball was created by Dr. James Naismith, a physical education instructor in
Springfield, Massachusetts. He designed the game to keep his students active indoors during
winter.
First Game: The first official game was played on December 21, 1891, with 13 original rules
and a peach basket as the goal.

• Early Development
Growth in Popularity: The sport quickly gained traction in schools and colleges. The first
college game was played in 1893.
Professional Leagues: The first professional league, the National Basketball League
(NBL), was established in 1898 but lasted only six years.

• Major Milestones
Formation of the NBA: In 1946, the Basketball Association of America (BAA) was founded,
merging with the NBL in 1949 to form the National Basketball Association (NBA).
Integration: The NBA became more inclusive in the 1950s, allowing African American
players, which helped diversify the sport.

• Types of Basketball Officials

1. Referee (Crew Chief):

The lead official responsible for overseeing the game and making final decisions on
calls.
Manages the officiating crew and communicates with players and coaches.
2. Umpires:
Assist the crew chief in making calls and ensuring adherence to the rules. Focus on
specific areas of the court to monitor player actions and violations.
3. Scorer:
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 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)
Keeps track of the game score, fouls, and timeouts. Ensures accurate
record-keeping throughout the game.
4. Shot Clock Operator:
Monitors the shot clock and ensures teams adhere to the time limits for shooting.
5. Instant Replay Official (in higher-level games):
Reviews plays using video footage to assist referees in making accurate calls on specific
situations.
Basketball requires a diverse set of skills are some essential skills players need to develop:

1. Shooting
Technique: Mastering the proper shooting form for accuracy, including jump shots, free
throws, and three-pointers.
Range: Developing the ability to shoot from different distances.
2. Dribbling
Ball Control: Maintaining control while moving and changing direction.
Speed and Agility: Dribbling effectively at various speeds and executing crossovers and
behind-the-back moves.
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Q1) Give 5 international basketball players with their Nation?

Q2) What are the major international basketball tournaments?

Q3) What is the difference between FIBA (International Basketball Federation) and
NBA rules?

Sign
(Prof. Sachin C. Rathod.)
pg. 6
 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)

Assignment No
04 Shot-put
Shot put has a rich history that dates back to ancient times. Here’s an overview:

• Origins
Ancient Times: The origins of shot put can be traced to ancient Greece and Scotland,
where athletes would throw heavy stones or weights for distance as part of competitions.
Olympic Roots: The event became part of the modern Olympic Games in 1896 for men
and in 1948 for women.

• Development
Standardization: The shot put evolved into its current form in the late 19th century, with
standardized weights and rules established.
Equipment: Initially, athletes used stones or heavy metal balls; today, the shot is made of
metal and has specific weight requirements
 7.26 kg for men
 4 kg for women

The shot put area consists of specific components designed to facilitate the event:

• Dimensions
Circle: The shot put circle has a diameter of 2.135 meters (7 feet). Athletes must remain
inside this circle while throwing.
Sector: The throwing sector extends from the edge of the circle to a line marking an angle
of 34.92 degrees, usually measuring at least 20 meters from the circle.

In shot put, two main throwing styles are commonly used:

1. Glide Technique
Description: The athlete starts facing away from the throwing direction, then "glides"
backward in a straight line before releasing the shot.

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 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)
Key Points:
The thrower pushes off the back foot to generate momentum.
This technique emphasizes explosive leg power and requires good balance and control.

2. Spin Technique
Description: The athlete uses a rotational movement, spinning within the circle before
releasing the shot.

Key Points:
This method allows for greater use of angular momentum and can generate more
distance.
It requires precise timing and coordination, as the athlete must control the spin and maintain
balance.
Choosing a Style
Athletes may choose a style based on their strength, body mechanics, and personal
preference. Both techniques can be effective with proper training and practice.
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Q1) What are the major international shot put competitions?

Q2) How is a valid throw measured in shot put?

Q3) Who are some of the greatest shot put athletes in history?

Sign
(Prof. Sachin C. Rathod)
pg. 8
 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)

Assignment No. 05
Swimming
Swimming has a rich and ancient history that spans thousands of years. Here’s an overview:
• Ancient Origins
Early Evidence: Swimming dates back to prehistoric times, with cave paintings in France
suggesting that humans swam as far back as 10,000 years ago.
• Competitive Swimming
First Competitions: The first known competitive swimming event took place in England in
1837.
Formation of Organizations: The National Swimming Society was established in London in
1837, organizing races and promoting the sport.
• Technological Advancements
Swimwear and Training: Advancements in swimwear technology and training techniques
have continually improved performance and competitive times.

Swimming individual events consist of races where swimmers compete alone against the clock.
Here are the main individual swimming events:
• Freestyle
50m Freestyle: A sprint event focusing on speed.
100m Freestyle: A short-distance race that combines speed and technique. 200m
Freestyle: A mid-distance race requiring endurance and strategy.
400m Freestyle: A longer race testing endurance and pacing.
800m Freestyle: Typically for women in the Olympics; focuses on endurance. 1500m
Freestyle: A longer event for men in the Olympics; emphasizes stamina.
• Backstroke
100m Backstroke: A sprint event swum on the back.
200m Backstroke: A longer race that requires technique and endurance.
• Breaststroke
100m Breaststroke: A sprint emphasizing technique and timing.
200m Breaststroke: A longer race that tests both speed and endurance.
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 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)
• Butterfly
100m Butterfly: A short-distance race requiring powerful strokes. 200m
Butterfly: A longer race demanding endurance and technique.
• Individual Medley (IM)
200m IM: Swimmers use all four strokes in a shorter race.
400m IM: A longer event combining all strokes, testing versatility and endurance.

Here are the main types of swimming team events:

1. Freestyle Relay
4x100m Freestyle Relay: Four swimmers each swim 100 meters in freestyle. 4x200m
Freestyle Relay: Four swimmers each swim 200 meters in freestyle, emphasizing
endurance.
2. Medley Relay
4x100m Medley Relay: Each swimmer uses a different stroke in the following order:
backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, and freestyle.
3. Mixed Relay
4x100m Mixed Freestyle Relay: A team consisting of two male and two female swimmers,
each swimming 100 meters in freestyle.
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Q1) Who are some of the greatest swimmers in history?

Q2) What are some common disqualifications or fouls in swimming?

Q3) What are the major international swimming competitions?

Sign
(Prof. Sachin C. Rathod)

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 Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)

Q) Write about your favorite sport and player in at least 100 words, along with
images of the game and sport.
→

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Co-Curricular Course II (Sport)

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