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Agnikul tasks

Pressing switch SW1 activates a relay, allowing current to flow and lighting up two LEDs. The circuit risks burning out due to a lack of a flyback diode, which would protect against damaging voltage spikes generated when the relay is de-energized. To prevent this, a flyback diode should be added in parallel with the relay coil to safely dissipate the energy from the collapsing magnetic field.

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5 views3 pages

Agnikul tasks

Pressing switch SW1 activates a relay, allowing current to flow and lighting up two LEDs. The circuit risks burning out due to a lack of a flyback diode, which would protect against damaging voltage spikes generated when the relay is de-energized. To prevent this, a flyback diode should be added in parallel with the relay coil to safely dissipate the energy from the collapsing magnetic field.

Uploaded by

nirmala2004murugan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Question 1:

When you press the switch SW1, the following happens:

1. Relay Activation:

The switch SW1 closes, completing the circuit.

Current flows from the 5V power supply through the 100Ω resistor R1 and the relay coil,
energizing the relay.

Energizing the relay pulls the pole inside (as shown by the arrow in the diagram), connecting the
two relay contacts.

This completes the circuit on the right side of the relay, allowing current to flow through both LED
1 and LED 2, lighting them up.

2. Why the Circuit Burns Out:

The issue lies in the absence of a flyback diode across the relay coil.

When the relay is energized and then de-energized (i.e., when SW1 is released), the magnetic
field inside the relay coil collapses rapidly.

This collapse generates a large back EMF (electromotive force) or a voltage spike that can damage
components, especially if the coil is inductive (as relay coils usually are).

Over time, this could lead to excessive heat, damaging the circuit, or causing it to burn out.

Solution to Fix the Circuit:

To fix the circuit and prevent it from burning out:

Add a flyback diode (e.g., 1N4007 or any general-purpose diode) in parallel with the relay coil.

The anode of the diode should be connected to the side of the coil connected to ground.

The cathode of the diode should be connected to the side of the coil connected to the 5V power
supply.

How it works:

When the relay is de-energized, the diode provides a path for the current generated by the
collapsing magnetic field, dissipating the energy safely instead of creating a damaging voltage spike.
This modification will protect the circuit from burning out due to back EMF when the relay coil is
de-energized.

2.. i)

+5V
+3V3

R1 R2

2.2K OHM 6.8K OHM

IN OUT

Q1

547BBC
II)

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