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CHE1010 practice problems Kinetics

The document contains practice problems for a CHE 1010 course on Chemical Kinetics at the University of Zambia. It includes questions on rate laws, catalysts, reaction mechanisms, activation energy, and energy profiles, along with specific data sets for analysis. The problems cover various aspects of chemical kinetics, including calculations and definitions relevant to the subject.

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simazuorobert196
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3 views

CHE1010 practice problems Kinetics

The document contains practice problems for a CHE 1010 course on Chemical Kinetics at the University of Zambia. It includes questions on rate laws, catalysts, reaction mechanisms, activation energy, and energy profiles, along with specific data sets for analysis. The problems cover various aspects of chemical kinetics, including calculations and definitions relevant to the subject.

Uploaded by

simazuorobert196
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCIES


CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT

CHE 1010

Chemical Kinetics Practice Problems

There is no need to submit this. Tutors will be discussing this in the coming week

QUESTION ONE

a) Define the term pseudo-first order rate-law.


b) Define a catalyst
i. Describe how a heterogeneous catalysts become poisoned and give an
example.
ii. Describe heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts and explain how they
work.
a) What is Carboxypeptidase-A. Explain how it works

b) Define the following:


i. Elementary step iv. Intermediate
ii. Molecularity v. Rate determining step
iii. Reaction mechanism
QUESTION TWO
a) The rate of the reaction between hemoglobin (Hb) and carbon monoxide (CO) was
studied at 20 oC. The following data were collected with all concentration units in
µmol/L. (A haemoglobin concentration of 2.21 µmol/L is equal to 2.21 x 10-6 mol/L.)

[Hb]0 [CO]0 Initial Rate


(µmol/L) (µmol/L) (µmol/L. s)
2.21 1.00 0.619
4.42 1.00 1.24
4.42 3.00 3.71

i. Determine the orders of this reaction with respect to H b and CO.


ii. Determine the rate law.
iii. Calculate the value of the rate constant.
iv. What would be the initial rate for an experiment with [Hb]0 = 3.36 µmol/L and
[CO]0 = 2.40 µmol/L?

b) You and a coworker have developed a molecule that has shown potential as cobra
antivenom (AV). This antivenom works by binding to the venom (V), thereby
rendering it nontoxic. This reaction can be described by the rate law:

Rate = k[AV]1[V]1

1
You have been given the following data from your co-worker; [V]0 = 0.20 M and
[AV]0 = 1.0 x 10-4 M

A plot of ln[AV] versus t (s) gives a straight line with a slope of -0.32 s-1. What is the
value of the rate constant (k) for this reaction?
QUESTION THREE

The rate constant for the gas-phase decomposition of N2O5, has the following temperature
dependence:
N2O5 →2NO2 + ½ O2

T (K) k (s-1)
338 4.9 x 10-3
318 5.0 x 10-4
298 3.5 x 10-5

Make the appropriate graph using these data, and determine the activation energy (Ea)
for this reaction.

QUESTION FOUR

Mechanism for destruction of ozone:

One mechanism for the destruction of ozone in the upper atmosphere is:
O3(g) + NO(g) → NO2(g) + O2(g) Slow
NO2(g) + O(g) → + NO(g) + O2(g) Fast
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Overall reaction: O3(g) + O(g) → 2 O2(g)

a) Which species is a catalyst?


b) Which species is an intermediate?
c) Ea for the following uncatalyzed reaction is 14.0 kJ:

O3(g) + O(g) → 2O2(g)

The Ea for the same reaction when catalyzed is 11.9 kJ. What is the ratio of the rate constant
for the catalyzed reaction to that for the uncatalyzed reaction at 25oC? Assume that the
frequency factor A is the same for each reaction.

QUESTION FIVE

One of the concerns about the use of Freons is that they will migrate to the upper atmosphere,
where chlorine atoms can be generated by the following reaction:

CCl2F2 h
CF2Cl + Cl
Freon-12

Chlorine atoms can act as a catalyst for the destruction of ozone:

2
Cl + O3 ClO + O2

is 2.1 kJ/mol. Which is the more effective catalyst for the destruction of ozone, Cl or NO? see
above question number 4.

QUESTION SIX

Two isomers (A and B) of a given compound dimerize as follows:

k1
2A A2
k2
2B B2

Both processes are known to be second order in reactant, and k1 is known to be 0.250
L/mol.s at 25 oC. In a particular experiment A and B were placed in separate containers at 25
o
C, where: [A]0 = 1.00 x 10-2 M and [B]0 =2.50 x 10-2 M. It was found that after each
reaction had progressed for 3.00 min, [A] = 3.00[B]. In this case the rate laws are defined as
=
∆[𝐴]
𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 = − = 𝑘1 [𝐴]2
∆𝑡

∆[𝐵]
𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 = − = 𝑘2 [𝐵]2
∆𝑡

a) Calculate the concentration of A2 after 3.00 min.


b) Calculate the value of k2.
c) Calculate the half-life for the experiment involving A.

QUESTION SEVEN
Most reactions occur by a series of steps. The energy profile for a certain reaction that
proceeds by a two-step mechanism is:

On the energy profile, indicate

3
a. the positions of reactants and products.
b. the activation energy for the overall reaction.
c. ∆E for the reaction.
d. Which point on the plot represents the energy of the intermediate in the two-step reaction?
e. Which step in the mechanism for this reaction is rate determining, the first or the second
step? Explain.
QUESTION EIGHT

Consider a reaction of the type products, in which the rate law is found to be rate _ k[A]3
(termolecular reactions are improbable but possible). If the first half-life of the reaction is
found to be 40 s, what is the time for the second half-life?

Hint: Using your calculus knowledge, derive the integrated rate law from the differential rate
law for a termolecular reaction:

QUESTION NINE

A certain reaction has an activation energy of 54.0 kJ/mol. As the temperature is increased
from 22oC to a higher temperature, the rate constant increases by a factor of 7.00. Calculate
the higher temperature.

QUESTION TEN
Draw a rough sketch of the energy profile for each of the following
cases:
a) ∆E = +10 kJ/mol, Ea = 25 kJ/mol
b) ∆E = - 10 kJ/mol, Ea = 50 kJ/mol
c) ∆E = - 50 kJ/mol, Ea = 50 kJ/mol

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