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Basic Physics QnA

The document provides a series of basic physics questions and answers covering topics in mechanics, heat and thermodynamics, optics, electricity and magnetism, waves and sound, and modern physics. Key concepts include Newton's laws, energy conservation, thermodynamic principles, properties of light, electric circuits, and atomic structure. Each section contains definitions and explanations of fundamental physics terms and laws.

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Mohd Azmat
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11 views3 pages

Basic Physics QnA

The document provides a series of basic physics questions and answers covering topics in mechanics, heat and thermodynamics, optics, electricity and magnetism, waves and sound, and modern physics. Key concepts include Newton's laws, energy conservation, thermodynamic principles, properties of light, electric circuits, and atomic structure. Each section contains definitions and explanations of fundamental physics terms and laws.

Uploaded by

Mohd Azmat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Physics Questions and Answers

Mechanics
 Q: What is Newton's First Law of Motion?

A: It states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an
external force. This is also known as the law of inertia.

 Q: Define velocity and acceleration.

A: Velocity is the rate of change of displacement. Acceleration is the rate of change of


velocity.

 Q: What is the difference between mass and weight?

A: Mass is the amount of matter in an object (in kg), while weight is the force exerted by
gravity on that mass (in Newtons).

 Q: State the formula for force.

A: Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma).

 Q: What is work done? Write its SI unit.

A: Work done is the product of force and displacement in the direction of the force. SI unit is
the joule (J).

 Q: Define potential energy and kinetic energy.

A: Potential energy is stored energy due to position. Kinetic energy is energy due to motion.

 Q: What is the law of conservation of energy?

A: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form
to another.

Heat and Thermodynamics


 Q: What is temperature?

A: Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

 Q: Define specific heat capacity.

A: It is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.

 Q: What is thermal expansion?


A: It is the increase in volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature.

 Q: State the first law of thermodynamics.

A: Energy supplied to a system is equal to the increase in internal energy plus the work
done by the system.

 Q: What is conduction, convection, and radiation?

A: Conduction is heat transfer through solids, convection through fluids, and radiation
through electromagnetic waves.

Light (Optics)
 Q: What is reflection of light?

A: The bouncing back of light when it hits a shiny surface.

 Q: Define refraction.

A: Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

 Q: What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A: Approximately 3 × 10^8 meters per second.

 Q: What is the difference between concave and convex mirrors?

A: Concave mirrors curve inward and can form real images; convex mirrors curve outward
and form virtual images.

 Q: State Snell’s Law.

A: It relates the angle of incidence and refraction: n1·sin(θ1) = n2·sin(θ2).

Electricity and Magnetism


 Q: Define electric current.

A: The flow of electric charge, measured in amperes (A).

 Q: What is Ohm’s Law?

A: V = IR, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

 Q: What is resistance? Give its unit.

A: Resistance is the opposition to the flow of current. Unit is ohm (Ω).

 Q: What is an electric circuit?


A: A closed loop that allows electric current to flow.

 Q: Define magnetic field.

A: A region around a magnet where magnetic forces can be felt.

Waves and Sound


 Q: What is a wave?

A: A disturbance that travels through a medium, transferring energy.

 Q: Define amplitude, frequency, and wavelength.

A: Amplitude: height of the wave; Frequency: waves per second (Hz); Wavelength: distance
between two crests.

 Q: What is the speed of sound in air?

A: Approximately 343 m/s at room temperature.

 Q: What is the difference between longitudinal and transverse waves?

A: Longitudinal waves have particle motion parallel to wave direction; transverse waves
have particle motion perpendicular.

Modern Physics
 Q: What is an atom?

A: The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.

 Q: What is radioactivity?

A: The spontaneous emission of particles or radiation from unstable atomic nuclei.

 Q: Name three types of radiation.

A: Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.

 Q: What is the photoelectric effect?

A: The emission of electrons from a material when light shines on it.

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