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Analog and Digital Communications 2 Marks

The document contains a series of 2-mark questions and answers related to Analog and Digital Communications, covering topics such as Amplitude Modulation, Angle Modulation, Noise Analysis, Pulse Modulation, and Digital Modulation. Key concepts include definitions of various modulation techniques, comparisons between AM and FM, and explanations of noise figures and signal-to-noise ratios. The document also highlights applications and advantages of different modulation methods.

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3 views

Analog and Digital Communications 2 Marks

The document contains a series of 2-mark questions and answers related to Analog and Digital Communications, covering topics such as Amplitude Modulation, Angle Modulation, Noise Analysis, Pulse Modulation, and Digital Modulation. Key concepts include definitions of various modulation techniques, comparisons between AM and FM, and explanations of noise figures and signal-to-noise ratios. The document also highlights applications and advantages of different modulation methods.

Uploaded by

tobikenzotenma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analog and Digital Communications - 2 Mark Questions with Answers

UNIT I – Amplitude Modulation


 Q: Define amplitude modulation.

A: Amplitude modulation is a modulation technique where the amplitude of the carrier


signal is varied in proportion to the message signal.

 Q: What is DSB-SC modulation?

A: DSB-SC (Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier) is a type of AM where the carrier is
suppressed to save power.

 Q: Mention two advantages of SSB over AM.

A: 1. Reduced bandwidth 2. Improved power efficiency.

 Q: What is the need for modulation?

A: Modulation is needed to transmit low-frequency signals over long distances and to


enable multiplexing.

 Q: Compare AM and VSB-SC in one line each.

A: AM transmits full carrier and both sidebands, VSB-SC transmits one sideband and a
vestige of the other.

 Q: List any two applications of AM.

A: 1. AM radio broadcasting 2. Airband radio communication.

UNIT II – Angle (Non-Linear) Modulation


 Q: Define frequency modulation.

A: Frequency modulation is a technique where the frequency of the carrier is varied in


accordance with the amplitude of the message signal.

 Q: What is phase modulation?

A: Phase modulation is a method where the phase of the carrier signal is varied based on the
message signal.

 Q: What is the bandwidth of narrowband FM?

A: Narrowband FM typically has a bandwidth of about 15 kHz.

 Q: List any two differences between FM and AM.


A: 1. FM varies frequency; AM varies amplitude. 2. FM has better noise immunity.

 Q: What is a balanced frequency discriminator?

A: It is a circuit used for demodulating FM signals by converting frequency variations into


amplitude variations.

 Q: Mention one application of PLL.

A: PLL is used in FM demodulation.

 Q: What is zero-crossing detector?

A: A circuit that outputs a signal when the input crosses zero voltage level.

UNIT III – Noise Analysis & Transmitters/Receivers


 Q: Define internal noise.

A: Internal noise is the noise generated within electronic components due to thermal
agitation of electrons.

 Q: What is noise figure?

A: Noise figure is a measure of degradation of signal-to-noise ratio caused by components in


a signal chain.

 Q: What is pre-emphasis?

A: Pre-emphasis is a technique to improve signal-to-noise ratio by amplifying high-


frequency signals before transmission.

 Q: Define signal-to-noise ratio.

A: Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the ratio of signal power to the noise power.

 Q: List any two types of transmitters.

A: 1. AM transmitter 2. FM transmitter.

 Q: What is the role of intermediate frequency?

A: Intermediate frequency allows easier filtering and amplification in superheterodyne


receivers.

 Q: What is the function of AGC?

A: AGC (Automatic Gain Control) maintains a constant output despite varying input signal
strengths.
UNIT IV – Pulse Analog and Digital Modulation
 Q: Define pulse amplitude modulation (PAM).

A: PAM is a modulation technique where the amplitude of the pulse varies with the message
signal.

 Q: What is pulse width modulation?

A: PWM is a technique where the width of the pulse is varied in accordance with the
message signal.

 Q: Define time division multiplexing.

A: TDM is a technique of transmitting multiple signals over a single channel by allocating


time slots to each signal.

 Q: What is quantization error?

A: Quantization error is the difference between the actual analog value and its quantized
digital value.

 Q: List two drawbacks of delta modulation.

A: 1. Slope overload distortion 2. Granular noise.

 Q: What is DPCM?

A: DPCM (Differential Pulse Code Modulation) encodes the difference between successive
samples.

 Q: State any one difference between PCM and DM.

A: PCM encodes the absolute value; DM encodes the difference between successive samples.

UNIT V – Digital Modulation & Baseband Transmission


 Q: Expand BASK and BPSK.

A: BASK: Binary Amplitude Shift Keying, BPSK: Binary Phase Shift Keying.

 Q: What is the full form of QPSK?

A: Quadrature Phase Shift Keying.

 Q: What is baseband transmission?

A: Baseband transmission refers to sending a signal without modulation directly over the
transmission medium.

 Q: Define coherent detection.


A: Coherent detection uses a reference signal to demodulate the received signal accurately.

 Q: What is the role of a matched filter?

A: A matched filter maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio in the presence of noise.

 Q: Mention any two digital modulation techniques.

A: 1. BPSK 2. QPSK.

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