GRADE 11

WaterTech & Innovation:Science

Solutions

"Every drop counts. Every idea matters."

 Pre test

Part 1: True or False Write T if the statement is True and F if it is False.

__ Water scarcity only affects poor countries.

__ Water filters can be made from natural materials.
__ Smart irrigation wastes more water than traditional methods.
__ All water from rivers is safe to drink.
__ Climate change affects water availability.

Part 2: Multiple Choice Choose the correct letter.

1. Which of the following is a method of water purification?

a) Incineration
b) Filtration
c) Decomposition
d) Irrigation
2. What is smart irrigation?
a) Sprinklers turned on manually
b) AI-based water timing systems
c) Random water use
d) None of the above
3. What does “greywater” refer to?
a) Dirty sewage water
b) Clean drinking water
c) Reusable household water (e.g., from sinks)
d) Industrial waste

Part 3: Short Answer

Name one water-related challenge in your local area: ________________

Why do you think access to clean water is important?

_________________________________________
 Lesson WaterTech & Innovation

What I Need to Know

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify water purification, irrigation, and sanitation technologies and their

practical uses.
2. Apply engineering design thinking in proposing water solutions.
3. Construct a simple prototype or model of a water technology.
4. Reflect on the role of systemic and policy solutions in sustainable water
innovation.

What’s In

Water is life. Yet many people around the world lack access to clean water, efficient
irrigation, and safe sanitation.
 Look at the
image below:

Guide Questions:
1. What areas in the world experience high water stress?
2. Can this happen in our own barangay?
3. What solutions can help prevent this?

What’s New

Water Realities in the Philippines

In a rural village in the Philippines, residents only have water twice a week. They line up
at a manual pump for hours. Students miss school to help their families fetch water.
Water collected is used for cooking, drinking, bathing, and even cleaning.

This lack of consistent access affects not just hygiene, but also education and work
opportunities. The Department of Health reports that many remote barangays still rely on
unsafe water sources, leading to illnesses like diarrhea and skin diseases.

Mini-Activity: Think-Pair-Share

Pair up and discuss:

 What are three major challenges that the village in the case study is facing?
 What might be the health, social, or economic effects of these challenges?
 What would you do if this were happening in your barangay?


Learning Insight:

Science and engineering can help solve real-world problems like these by
developing appropriate technologies. These innovations, when supported by the
community and government, can transform lives.
Science and engineering can help solve real-world problems like these.
 What Is It

Understanding Key Water Technologies

Water purification technologies help remove harmful substances from drinking water.
Among the most common methods are boiling, charcoal filtration, and solar disinfection
(SODIS). Boiling is the simplest and most accessible way to kill bacteria and viruses.
Charcoal filters, often used in household systems, remove chemicals and improve the
taste of water. SODIS, on the other hand, makes use of sunlight to disinfect water in
transparent containers—an affordable and eco-friendly method for rural areas.

For agriculture, smart irrigation systems provide efficient ways to use water. Traditional
irrigation wastes water through evaporation and runoff, but drip irrigation delivers water
directly to the plant’s roots, reducing loss and increasing efficiency. Some advanced
systems even use moisture sensors that detect when the soil is dry and automatically
water the plants.

Sanitation is equally important. In places where plumbing is not available, composting

toilets are used to transform waste into usable compost. These dry systems minimize
contamination and promote sustainability. In areas without running water, handwashing
stations made from recycled materials—such as a tippy tap—can be a life-saving hygiene
solution.

To design a solution, we follow a structured process known as the Engineering Design

Process.

Engineering Design Process

The Engineering Design Process is a step-by-step method used by engineers and

innovators to create practical solutions to real problems. It begins with asking a clear and
specific question: What is the problem that needs solving? From there, we imagine
possible ways to address it, taking inspiration from nature, technology, and previous
inventions. Once ideas are formed, we plan how to build a solution. This involves
drawing diagrams, selecting materials, and assigning roles in a team.

Then comes the creation phase, where we build a prototype—a simple version of our
solution. Finally, we test and improve our prototype. Feedback is essential to success. If it
fails, we try again. This cycle of improvement helps us make the best version possible of
our design.

Ask – What is the problem?

Imagine – Brainstorm ideas.

Plan – Draw, list materials.

Create – Build the prototype.

Improve – Test and revise.

What’s More

Directions:

Form a group of 3–5 members. Together, identify a specific water-related problem that you have
personally observed or experienced in your school or community. It can be about limited access
to clean drinking water, inefficient irrigation in gardens or school farms, or the absence of proper
sanitation facilities.

Once you have identified your problem, select which solution area you want to focus on:
purification, irrigation, or sanitation. Apply the Engineering Design Process to brainstorm
possible solutions. From your ideas, choose one practical and feasible solution that your group
can work on using available or recycled materials.

Create a plan for a prototype. This should include a labeled sketch or diagram of your proposed
design. Think about the materials needed, how your prototype will function, and the purpose it
serves.

Next, construct your prototype. Reuse clean and safe materials such as plastic bottles, sand,
gravel, charcoal, and containers. If available, you may incorporate basic electronics such as
sensors or timers to improve your system.

After creating your model, prepare to present your prototype to the class. Each group must
clearly explain:

 The water-related problem they addressed.

 How their prototype works.
 Why their chosen solution is important and effective?
 How it could be improved in the future.

Your goal is to show how science and creativity can be combined to solve community water
issues with simple, low-cost innovations.

 Plastic bottles
 Charcoal, sand, and gravel
 Tubes, containers
 Arduino sensors (optional)

What I Can Do

Reflect and write about the following:

1. What problem did your group solve?

2. How did you contribute to the project?
 3. What did you learn about teamwork and innovation?
4. How can your solution help your school or barangay?

What I Have Learned

Reflective Summary Activity

In this activity, write your personal reflection about the importance of clean water and innovative
thinking. Consider what you have learned about the design process, technologies, and how
collaboration plays a role in solving problems. Use the following guide questions:

1. What surprised you the most about the current water issues in our country?
2. Which innovation discussed do you think is the most practical and why?
3. How would you apply what you’ve learned to help your community?

Complete the paragraph:

4. Water is essential to life, but many people face problems related to __________.
Through this module, I learned how to use __________ and __________ to
address these issues. Creating a __________ helped me understand the value of
science and engineering in solving real problems. I also realized that __________
and __________ are important to support sustainable innovations.
5.
6. Complete the paragraph:
7.
8. Water is essential to life, but many people face problems related to __________.
Through this module, I learned how to use __________ and __________ to
address these issues. Creating a __________ helped me understand the value of
science and engineering in solving real problems. I also realized that __________
and __________ are important to support sustainable innovations.
 Post Test

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet. Label your paper as Post-Test – Module 1 in WaterTech.

1. Which is a simple, eco-friendly water purification technique?

a. Chlorination
b. Solar distillation
c. UV rays from electric source
d. Filtration using acid
2. What makes drip irrigation an effective innovation?
a. It's fast
b. It waters entire fields at once
c. It reduces evaporation and targets roots
d. It doesn’t need planning
3. Why is design thinking important in science and innovation?
a. It avoids group work
b. It encourages random ideas
c. It helps create practical, tested solutions
d. It is only for engineers
4. Which is NOT a benefit of low-cost sanitation?
a. Improved hygiene
b. Reduced water waste
c. Lower electricity use
d. Higher carbon footprint
5. Who plays a key role in implementing water-related policies?
a. Local artists
b. Farmers only
 c. Policymakers and communities
d. Students alone

ANSWER KEY

Pretest Post test

1. b. Activated carbon filtering 1. b. Solar distillation

2. c. Maximizes water efficiency 2. c. It reduces evaporation and targets roots
3. c. Separating waste from water supply3. c. It helps create practical, tested solutions
4. c. Ask or identify the problem 4. d. Higher carbon footprint
5. b. Rainwater collection with basic 5. c. Policymakers and communities
filtration 6. b. Activated carbon filtering
7. c. Maximizes water efficiency
8. c. Separating waste from water supply
9. c. Ask or identify the problem
10. b. Rainwater collection with basic filtration

References

Department of Education. (2020). Science – Grade 11 Curriculum Guide. DepEd Complex,

Pasig City.

Department of Science and Technology – Philippine Council for Industry, Energy, and Emerging
Technology Research and Development (DOST-PCIEERD). (2019). Water Innovation
Technologies in the Philippines.

World Health Organization. (2022). Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH).

https://www.who.int/initiatives/wash

United Nations. (2021). Sustainable Development Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation for all. https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal6

World Resources Institute. (2023). Global Water Stress Map.

https://www.wri.org/data/aqueduct-water-risk-atlas