C5 FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN 2006−2026

APPENDIX 1. GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS

C5 Forest Management Plan 2006−2026 2
Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 Sources consulted in developing the glossary:
[1] Alberta Sustainable Resource Development. December 2004. Alberta Forest Management
Planning Standard (DRAFT). Edmonton.
[2] Dunster, Julian and Katherine. 1996. Dictionary of Natural Resource Management. UBC
Press, Vancouver.
[3] Alberta Reforestation Standards Science Council. 2001. Linking Regeneration Standards to
Growth and Yield and Forest Management Objectives. Prepared for Alberta’s Minister of
Sustainable Resource Development.
[4] Alberta Sustainable Resource Management. Forest Management Directives: Glossary of
Terms. (Online document http://www3.gov.ab.ca/srd/forests/fmd/directives/glossary.html.)
[5] Natural Resources Canada. 1995. Silvicultural Terms in Canada (Second Edition). Canadian
Forest Service. Ottawa.
Note: Numbers in square brackets following definitions are keyed to the above published sources.

Term Definition
Aboriginal People Refers to the descendents of the original inhabitants of Canada. Aboriginal people are defined in
the Constitution Act, 1982 as all indigenous people including Indians, Metis and Inuit. The
Constitution does not define membership in the individual groups.
(http://www.aand.gov.ab.ca/PDFs/terms_definitions.pdf)
Access management plan An AMP is the outcome of a (multi-stakeholder) planning process that provides direction on the
(AMP) use, maintenance and reclamation of roads and trails in a given area while taking into account
industrial access needs, recreational use trends, capabilities of vehicles, intensity and seasonality
of motorized use, wildlife needs, environmental conditions, preferred road densities, public
demand for access, etc. AMPs may recommend the creation of Forest Land Use Zones (FLUZ)
to control or restrict motorized recreational use in a prescribed area.
Active landbase The active landbase within the C5 FMU refers to those areas in which timber harvesting will
occur. The active landbase, also known as the net landbase or net forested landbase, contains
forested areas that are actively managed for timber harvesting. It includes all forested stand
types with the exception of larch. Also referred to as the net landbase or timber harvest landbase.
Adaptive management A dynamic planning or modeling process that recognizes the future cannot be predicted perfectly.
In response to these imperfect predictions, planning and management strategies are modified
frequently as better information becomes available. Adaptive management applies scientific
principles and methods to improve management activities incrementally, as decision-makers
learn from experience and new scientific findings, and adapt to changing social expectations and
demands. [2]
Aesthetic design Modifications to harvest block boundaries, logging practices and road locations that are intended
to reduce or eliminate the negative visual impacts of logging operations.
Age-class distribution Intervals into which the age range of trees, forests, stands or forest types are divided for
classification and use. [1]
Alberta vegetation A system for describing the quantity and quality of vegetation present. It involves the stratification
inventory and mapping of the vegetation to create digital data according to the AVI Standards Manual and
associated volume tables. [4]
Analysis A detailed examination of a body of data, a series of decisions, or the implications of one or more
policies, and a determination of what this examination reveals about the nature, function and/or
relationships in effect. [1]

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
Annual allowable cut The amount of timber that may be harvested in a year as stipulated in the pertinent quota
certificate approved by the Minister of Sustainable Resource Development under sustained-yield
management.
Armillaria root rot Armillaria species.
Audit An official examination and verification of records, activities, accounts, actions, operations, etc.,
against stated standards of performance and compliance.
Bared soil Any soil where the organic layers and vegetation have been removed. [1]
Baseline data Data collected to reflect normal conditions, and which is used for comparison of data with respect
to changes or alterations made to the normal conditions over time.
Biological diversity: "Biological diversity" means the variability among living organisms from all sources, including
inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which
they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.
(Convention on Biological Diversity)
Buffer A strip of vegetated land beside watercourses, mineral licks, or other important landscape
features in which the effects of harvest operations have been limited to some to degree.
Clearcutting method A method of regenerating an even-aged forest stand in which new seedlings become established
in fully exposed microenvironments after removal of most or all the existing trees. [5]
Coarse filter management A research and management concept that assumes maintaining vegetative communities and
landscape patterns and processes within the limits of natural variability will result in the
maintenance of a full complement of native plant and animal species.
Commercial thinning A partial cut where trees of a merchantable size and value are removed to provide an interim
harvest while maintaining a high rate of growth on the remaining, well-spaced, final crop trees.
Used to capture volume likely to succumb to competition pressures and be lost to disease, insect,
or dieback. [1]
Commercial timber permit A timber disposition issued under Section 22 of the Forests Act authorizing the permittee to
harvest public timber. [1]
Committee on the Status Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) determines the national
of Endangered Wildlife in status of wild Canadian species, subspecies and separate populations suspected of being at risk.
Canada (COSEWIC) COSEWIC bases its decisions on the best up-to-date scientific information and Aboriginal
traditional knowledge available. All native mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs,
lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), vascular plants, mosses and lichens are included in its
current mandate. Three lists are maintained:
1. Species at Risk ⎯ species designated in the extinct, extirpated, endangered, threatened, or
special concern categories.
2. Not at Risk ⎯ species that have been evaluated and found to be not at risk.
3. Data Deficient ⎯ species for which there is insufficient scientific information to support at risk
or not at risk designation. (COSEWIC)
Community Timber A program of ASRD to provide timber to the public through commercial timber permits, local
Program (CTP) timber permits and TM66 permits. The program is designed to supply small forestry enterprises
with timber from Crown land.
Compaction A transfer of wheel pressure to soils causing collapse of large air-filled pores, a type of
disturbance where the tire imprint is often invisible under the duff layer. Soil susceptibility to
compaction is maximal when soil is at field capacity, which can be detected by stability of hand
cast. Most soil compaction occurs during the first passes of equipment because soil gains
strength with each additional pass. [1]
Compartment A subsection of a Forest Management Unit for which detailed operational plans can be
developed.
Coniferous Cone-bearing trees with needles or scale-like leaves. The wood from these trees is often referred

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 to as softwood.
Connectivity A measure of how well different areas (patches or a landscape) are connected by linkages, such
as habitat patches, single or multiple corridors, or ”stepping stones” of like vegetation. [2]
Corridor 1. A physical linkage connecting two areas of habitat and differing from the habitat on either side.
Corridors are used by organisms to move around without having to leave the preferred
habitat. A linear habitat patch through which a species must travel to reach habitat more
suitable for reproduction and other life sustaining needs. Many corridors, linking several
patches of habitat, form a network of habitats. The functional effectiveness of corridors
depends on the type of species, the type of movement, the strength of the edge effects and its
shape. [2]
2. An area of uniform width bordering both or one side of a lineal feature, such as a stream or
route. [2]
Cover group See “strata”.
Criteria and indicators Criteria and indicators are used to define, measure and report on the forest values required to
(C&I) sustain and enhance the landscape. C&I are intended to provide a common understanding and
scientific definition of sustainable forestry in Canada, and provide a framework for describing and
measuring the state of the forest, forest management practices, values and progress toward
sustainability.
National-level criteria define the range of forest values to be addressed and the essential
elements or principles of forest management against which the sustainability of forests may be
assessed. Each criterion relates to a key element of sustainability.
Indicators measure specific quantitative and qualitative attributes (and reflect forest values as
seen by the interest group defining each criterion), and help monitor trends in the sustainability of
forest management over time. Changes in national-level indicators between periods indicate
whether a country is moving toward, or away from, sustainability.
(See Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management: Assessment and Monitoring of
Genetic Variation, FAO 2002.)
Crown land Alberta public lands administered by the Queen’s representative, the Lieutenant Governor in
Council. [3]
Cutblock A specified area of merchantable timber with defined boundaries designated for harvest. The
primary administrative subdivision for timber management consisting of a contiguous area of
merchantable timber designated for removal in one cutting operation.
Deactivation Taking a road out of active use through implementation of erosion control measures, road blocks
and/or other methods. [1]
Deciduous Tree and shrub species that lose their leaves annually. The wood from these trees is often
referred to as hardwood.
Deciduous timber A quota of deciduous timber. [1]
allocation
Deletion An area permanently excluded from the net landbase in a Timber Supply Analysis.
Density The number of trees per hectare. [3]
Desired future forest A spatially explicit projected range of conditions of the forest landscape 100+ years into the
future. The range of forest conditions defines the goal toward which forest management will be
directed. It is the Organization’s best estimation for the arrangement of forest age classes, roads
and habitats that will provide a suite of desired outcomes identified for the area through a forest
management planning process. [1]
Detailed forest A long-term plan used to outline higher-level management objectives, sustainability and timber
management plan production assumptions for a Forest Management Agreement. [1]
Detailed block plan A comprehensive plan indicating specific features and sensitivities of harvest blocks, including
when and how these blocks will be harvested, reforested, and reclaimed. Usually defined in the

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 Operating Ground Rules.
Disturbance regimes Describes the spatial and temporal characteristics of disturbances affecting a particular
landscape over a particular time”
Downed woody debris The woody material left on site after logging, including both pre-existing and harvest-generated
material (downed boles, limbs, tops and stumps). Includes highly decomposed and vegetated
material as long as it is recognizable as being woody. [1]
Coarse woody debris For the C5 FMP, downed woody debris refers to woody material >7.5 cm in diameter or standing
topped trees >7.5 cm DBH.
Duff layer The layer of loosely compacted, decaying debris underlying the litter layer on the forest floor.
Dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium americanum Nutt.
Ecological integrity The quality of a natural, unmanaged or managed ecosystem in which the natural ecological
processes are sustained, with genetic, species and ecosystem diversity assured for the future. [2]
Ecosystem-based The careful and skilful integration of ecological, economic, social, technological and managerial
management principles in managing human activities within forest ecosystems to produce, restore, or sustain
ecosystem integrity and desired conditions, uses, products and services over the long-term.
Ecosystem-based management necessitates that resource managers and users develop a better
understanding of the processes by which natural systems sustain themselves, and that
management actions emulate natural processes so as to maintain healthy, dynamic and diverse
ecosystems.
Edge A natural or human-induced condition whereby two dissimilar plant communities (i.e., different
vegetation types, successional stages, or vegetative conditions) meet.
SEE ALSO "forest edge".
Edge habitat A loosely defined type of habitat that occurs at the boundary between two different habitat types.
Typically, edge habitats share characteristics with both adjacent habitat types and have particular
transitional characteristics that are important to wildlife.
Effective population size The average number of individuals in a population that contributes genes to succeeding
generations.
Emulate To try to equal or surpass, especially by imitating.
Ephemeral stream A watercourse that flows during snowmelt and rainfall run-off periods only. There is generally no
channel development.
Establishment period The time elapsing between the initiation of regeneration and its acceptance according to defined
free-to-grow criteria.
Even-aged stands A stand where the ages of most trees are within 20 years of each other.
Even flow In harvest scheduling, the requirement that the harvest level in each period be equal to the
harvest level in the preceding period.
Ex situ conservation A method of conservation in which components of biodiversity are conserved outside their natural
habitat
Features The features represented on a map which describe the physical aspects of the harvest design.
e.g. harvest area boundaries, roads, buffers, wildlife habitat. [1]
15/11 cm utilization (a) A merchantable tree is one that has a minimum diameter of 15 cm outside bark at stump
height (30 cm) and a useable length of 4.88 m to a 10 cm top diameter (measured to inside bark).
(b) A merchantable pipece is one that is 2.44 m (plus 5 cm for trim allowance) or longer, with a 10
cm (inside bark) small end where rot content or form dies, rendering it unusable.
Fine filter Specific management for a single or a few species rather than broad management for a habitat or
ecosystem. [2] A fine-filter approach to managing (or protecting and sustaining) biodiversity is
necessary for managing species of special concern (featured species).
Fire hazard evaluation A conversion of forest inventory classifications to fire behaviour prediction fuel typing (AVI2FBP),

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 crown fire threshold modeling (CROSUM) and determination of head fire intensity percentiles
(spring, summer and fall). [1]
Fire risk occurrence Location of person-caused and lightning fires in relation to the fire hazard evaluation. It is used to
represent “fire danger” in a spatial context. [1]
FireSmart community A standard 10-km radius around the community extending from the Wildland Urban Interface
zone Zone. A unique data set will be gathered for this zone for community protection planning to
provide a fundamental linkage between FireSmart Communities and FireSmart Landscapes. [1]
FireSmart landscapes The philosophy that seeks to mitigate the likelihood of large, high-intensity and high-severity fires.
FireSmart landscapes are designed to recognize the interaction between ecological, economic
and social impacts, hence maximize the positive ecological impacts and minimize the negative
economic and social impacts. [1]
First-pass harvest Timber that will be cut during the initial harvest operation of the cutting cycle.
Fish-bearing stream A stream known to support fish populations at any time of the year or, alternatively, where
specific fisheries data are lacking, a permanent stream, and those intermittent streams which flow
until June.
Floodplains Flat land bordering a stream or river onto which a flood will spread. The underlying materials are
typically unconsolidated and derived from past stream transportation activity. The extent of the
floodplain varies according to the volume of water, and its 50-year-old floodplain would be
defined by the largest flood that would, on average, occur once within a 50-year-period,
estimated from historic stream flow records. [2]
Forest A complex community of plants and animals in which trees are the most conspicuous members.
A mixed forest includes both coniferous and deciduous trees.
Forest connectivity A measure of how well different areas (patches) of a landscape are connected by linkages such
as habitat patches or corridors of like vegetation.
Forest Area Manager The senior Alberta manager located at a Forest Area charged with supervision of all forest
management activities in a Forest Area. It may also mean someone else who is authorized to
approve an AOP. [1]
Forest edge May be defined as one of the following: a linear disruption in forest cover greater than 8 m in
width, or the line along which forest seral stage changes occur.
Forest health A condition of the forest; a forest is considered healthy if it can sustain itself to meet the specific
forest land management objectives of today or in the future. [1]
Forest Land Use Zone Areas of land for which legislative controls exist to regulate motorized and/or non-motorized
(FLUZ) activities. Controls and restrictions are used to protect sensitive landscapes and resources, and
to minimize conflict between recreational activities.
Forest management A contract between the Province of Alberta and the FMA holder, whereby the province provides
agreement (FMA) an area-based Crown timber supply. In return, the FMA holder commits to the following:
- managing the timber resource on a perpetual sustained-yield basis, taking into consideration
a broad range of forest values in determining forest management practices.
- meeting defined economic objectives, including capital investment and job creation, and
seeking out new business opportunities that provide measurable economic benefits for both
the province and the FMA holder.
The FMA gives the FMA holder the right to access Crown fibre. In return, the FMA holder
commits to forest management responsibilities, which may change from time to time. [1]
Forest management plan Generic term for Preliminary Forest Management Plans, Detailed Forest Management Plans,
Forest Management Unit Plans, General Development Plans, and Annual Operating Plans. [1]
Plans identify the objectives and strategies for managing timber in an area.
Forest management unit An administrative unit of forest land designated by the Minister, as authorized under Section
(FMU) 14(1) of the Forests Act. [1] Also, a defined area of forest land located in the Green Area of the
province and designated by ASRD to be managed for sustainable timber yield. [3]

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
Forest officer An employee of Alberta appointed in accordance with the Public Service Act who represents the
Minister in the administration of the Forests Act, the Timber Management Regulation, the Public
Lands Act, and the Forest and Prairie Protection Act and Regulations on public forested lands.
[1]
Forest operator The timber disposition holder or person responsible for controlling harvest planning and
operations in the timber disposition. Alberta represents the interests of Community Timber
Program operators. [1]
Forest resources Resources or values associated with forested lands including, but not limited to, water, wildlife,
fisheries, recreation, timber, range and heritage.
Forestry practices Any activity carried out on forested land to facilitate the use of forest resources, including, but not
limited to, timber harvesting, road construction, silviculture, grazing, recreation, pest control and
wildfire suppression.
Forests Act, the The legislative statute that authorizes the Minister to administer and manage the forested lands
of Alberta. [1]
Free to Grow A crop tree which has achieved the minimum height requirements and is free of competitor trees
and shrubs as defined in the standards for the type of survey and the tree species. [3]
General Development General Development Plans give a comprehensive description of a timber operator’s proposed
Plan harvest strategy and reclamation operations for a five-year period, and includes all his licences
and permits. (Alberta Timber Harvest Planning and Operating Ground Rules, 1994)
Genetic diversity The genetic variability within a population or a species; the number and relative abundance of
alleles. Genetic diversity can be assessed at three levels:
- diversity within breeding populations;
- diversity between breeding populations within any one geographic area;
- diversity within the species. [1]
Gleying A soil characteristic caused by poor soil aeration in saturates soils, leading to a soil that is
typically grey in colour interspersed with yellow, orange, or rusty brown mottles or streaks. The
colours result from alternating oxidation or reduction of iron materials in the soil as the soil is
aerated or waterlogged. Such soils are termed gleys. [2]
Grazing carrying capacity A level of grazing use that will allow for the long-term maintenance of forage production within
some predefined level of management activity.
Grazing disposition An authorization issued by Alberta for the purpose of domestic livestock grazing on public land
(i.e., lease, license or permit). [1]
Greenhouse gases A number of gases including carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide that affect global climate
by trapping heat in the atmosphere.
Green-up period The time needed to re-establish vegetation after a disturbance. Specific green-up periods may be
established to satisfy visual objectives or hydrological requirements, or as a means of ensuring
re-establishment of vegetation (for silviculture, wildlife habitat or hydrological reasons) before
adjacent stands can be harvested. [1]
Gross landbase The entire landbase which falls within the boundaries of the C5 Forest Management Unit. The
gross landbase can be divided into forested and non-forested species, and includes areas that
are not suited for commercial timber harvesting (i.e., inoperable land, waterbodies, rock).
Ground rules Standards for operational planning and field practices that must be measurable and auditable
and based on forest management plan objectives. [1]
Growing stock The sum (by number, basal area or volume) of trees in a forest or a specified part of it. [1]
Growth and yield Growth usually refers to the annual amount of wood produced on a tree or from a group of trees.
Yield is the total volume available from a tree or group of trees at a time when it is considered
mature or available for harvest. [3]
Guideline A preferred or advisable course of action respecting land and resource management. Guidelines

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 imply a degree of flexibility, based on administrative judgment or feasibility of applying the
guideline, and are consequently not normally enforceable through legal means. [1]
Habitat Suitability Index HSI models are planning tools in which landscape habitat components are given a numerical
(HSI) value in relation to a given species habitat preferences. A rating of 1 is considered to be optimal
habitat for a species, while a rating of 0 is considered to be the least suitable habitat for a given
species.
Harvest area A specified land area with defined boundaries where timber harvesting is scheduled or has
occurred (commonly referred to as a cutblock). [1]
Harvest pattern The spatial distribution of cutblocks across the landscape.
Harvest plan The strategy, technique and design that will be used to harvest timber.
Harvest sequence The cutting sequence established by the land manager for the harvest of timber in a Forest
Management Unit.
Harvesting (logging) The cutting and removal of trees from a forested area.
Harvesting method The mix of felling, delimbing, bucking and skidding systems used in harvesting a stand of timber.
Hiding cover See “sight distance.”
Historical resource Any work of nature or man that is primarily of value for its palaeontological, archaeological,
prehistoric, historic, cultural, natural, scientific or aesthetic interest, including, but not limited to,
the structure or object and its surrounding site. [1]
Harvest level A volume or area of timber determined through timber supply analysis available for harvest on an
annual sustainable basis within a DFA. A harvest level is not an AAC unless approved by the
Minister. [1]
Inoperable Classification of a forest site based on the potential to harvest timber on that site, as affected by
physiographic characteristics, moisture regime and harvesting equipment/technology. [1]
Inoperable lands Lands that are unsuitable for timber production now and in the foreseeable future by virtue of
their rough topography, low timber value, steep slopes or unstable soils.
Insects and diseases Biological, physiological and environmental agents that have an adverse effect on the health of
the forest. These agents include insects, nematodes, micro-organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi),
parasitic plants, mammals, birds, and non-infectious disorders caused by climate, soil, applied
chemicals, air pollutants and other physiographic conditions. [1]
In situ Conservation A method of conservation in which components of biodiversity are conserved within the natural
habitat.
Integrated resource An interdisciplinary and comprehensive approach to decision making for the management of
management natural resources. IRM integrates decisions, legislation, policies, programs and activities across
sectors to gain the best overall long-term benefits for society and to minimize conflicts. This
approach recognizes that the use of a resource for one purpose can affect both the use of a
resource for other purposes and the management and use of other resources. IRM is based on
co-operation, communication, co-ordination and the comprehensive consideration of all resource
values. This philosophy is centered on the belief that efforts to manage natural resources will be
more successful if they are co-ordinated at all levels within government; and appropriate
consultation before action. Those who are significantly affected by a decision should have the
opportunity to participate in the decision-making process. [1]
Integrated resource plan A (sub-regional or local) plan developed by provincial government agencies in consultation with
the public and local government bodies. It provides strategic policy direction for the use of public
land and its resources within the prescribed planning area. It is used as a guide for resource
planners, industry and publics with responsibilities or interests in the area. [1]
Interests The wants, needs, concerns and desires of each party that provide motivation to be concerned
about an issue or topic. [1]
Interior forest conditions The environmental conditions typical of the central or interior part of a habitat patch. They are

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 usually relatively stable and are not influenced by the changing climatic conditions and other
variables (noise, wind, sunlight, temperature, moisture) associated with edge conditions. [2]
Interior forest For the purposes of the C5 FMP, the interior forest is a forested area greater than 100 ha in size
with no part of the forest area less than the following distance from a forest edge: 60 m from a
linear disturbance in forest cover greater than 8 m in width, or 30 m from the line along which
forest seral stage class changes.
Intermittent stream A stream that carries water only during some periods of a year. There is some channel
development as defined in the Operating Ground Rules.
Landscape fire Information on the effects of fire which may be used to influence forest management strategies
assessment and tactics over a landscape. The wildfire threat component of the landscape fire assessment
handles the negative aspects of fire, and fire regime analysis handles the positive attributes. Both
"wildfire threat" and "fire regime" need to be considered in order to provide a balanced
"landscape fire assessment." [1]
Landscape Management Distinct management areas in which ecosystem patterns and land uses repeat themselves, with
Unit (LMU) consideration given to climatic, physiographic and ecological boundaries, and human use. The
19 LMUs that have been adopted for the C5 Forest Management Plan are based on those
identified in the Southern Rockies Landscape Planning Pilot Study, 2000 (which were
subsequently extrapolated to cover the entire forest management unit):
Continental Divide North Sub-Region
Alpine Highrock
North Headwater Valleys
Livingstone Sub-Region
Chapel Rock (unclassified *)
Crowsnest Pass
Horseshoe Parkland
Livingstone Valley
Middle Ridges
North Livingstone
Saddle Mountain
South Fescue (unclassified *)
South Livingstone
Whaleback
Continental Divide South Sub-Region
Carbondale
Castle/West Castle
Flathead
South Headwater Valleys
Castle Sub-Region
Beaver
Ironstone
South Front Range
Spread Eagle
Porcupine Hills Sub-Region
Porcupine Hills
East Ranchlands (unclassified *)
* These three LMUs are unclassified. Small portions of these three LMUs fall within the C5
Forest Management Unit. Because they consist primarily of non-forested land, the C5 Forest
Management Plan will not provide management direction (i.e., objectives and targets) for these
LMUs.
Leave trees All trees, regardless of their species, age or size, that are to be left on harvested areas to meet
silvicultural or resource management objectives.
License of occupation A disposition issued by Alberta authorizing occupation of a linear corridor, often for an access
road. [1]

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
Local timber permit A permit issued through the Community Timber Program that allocates timber for personal use
up to a volume of 50 m3.
Logfill Stream crossings constructed with logs placed in a streambed parallel to the flow of the water. [1]
Logging slash The unusable trees, shrubs or portions thereof that result after tree felling, skidding and
processing at the harvest site. [1]
Machine-free zone The area protected from machinery which would cause soil damage. [1]
Mature stands Stands that have reached rotation age or have a decreasing growth rate. [1]
Meadow/Meadow Refers to the following AVI vegetation polygons: shrub closed (Sc); shrub open (So); herbaceous
Complex grassland (Hg); and herbaceous forbs (Hf). A meadow complex is a clustering of 3 or more
meadows less than 50 m apart.
Mean annual increment The average growth per year, calculated by dividing the total volume of a stand by its age. It is
(MAI) normally expressed in units of cubic metres per hectare per year (m3/ha/yr).
Mechanical site Any activity that involves the use of machinery to prepare a site for reforestation.
preparation
Merchantable timber Trees deemed available for commercial harvest.
Mixedwood stands Stands containing both coniferous and deciduous species. (ARSSC)
Monitoring The process of checking, observing, and measuring outcomes for key variables or specific
ecological phenomena against a predefined quantitative objective or standard. It takes place after
an event or process has been initiated or completed to evaluate if the anticipated or assumed
results of a management plan have been or are being realized, and/or if implementation is
proceeding as planned. Monitoring is the systematic measurement or analysis of change [2]
Mosaic In landscape ecology, the landscape mosaic is the pattern of different ages and types of
ecosystems distributed across the landscape.
Mountain pine beetle Dendroctonus ponderosae
Natural disturbance Natural occurring phenomena that affect forests, including wildfire, windthrow, flooding, drought,
and insect and disease cycles.
Natural regeneration The renewal of a forest stand by natural seeding, sprouting, suckering or layering.
Net landbase The active landbase within the C5 FMU refers to those areas in which timber harvesting will
occur. The active landbase, also known as the net landbase or net forested landbase, contains
forested areas that are actively managed for timber harvesting. It includes all forested stand
types with the exception of Larch. Also referred to as the active landbase.
Not sufficiently restocked The status assigned to a regeneration survey plot or harvested area when the standards have
(NSR) not been met. [3]
Noxious weed A plant designated under the Weed Regulation (AR 171/2001) of the Weed Control Act. [1]
Operating Ground Rules A series of requirements, consistent with forest management plans, developed through a
(OGRs) consensus-building process, that give direction to timber disposition holders and provincial
agencies for conducting timber operations within an FMA or FMU.
Overmature The age class where a timber stand is declining in vigor, health and volume because of age,
decay, or other factors.
Overstorey The upper canopy of a forest, typically formed by the branches and leaves of trees.
Partial cutting A treatment where significantly less than 100% of the trees are harvested from a stand or area. It
includes commercial thinning, even when the intention is leading to a final clearcut. [1]
Passive Landbase The passive landbase within the C5 FMU refers to those land areas that do not contribute to the
active (net) landbase, and in which commercial timber harvesting is not foreseen during the life of
the C5 FMP.
Patch An aggregation of contiguous forest stands of the same seral stage that are not split by a linear

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 feature greater than 8 m in width.
Patch cutting The removal of all the trees in part of a stand, similar to clearcutting except the area involved is
usually smaller.
Patch Size Distribution Proportional distribution of sizes of forested patches. Patch size categories that have been
adopted in the C5 FMP for the 5 sub-regions are as follows:
For the Continental Divide North, Continental Divide South, and Porcupine Hills sub-regions:
< 6 ha
6-40 ha
40-80 ha
80-250 ha
> 250 ha
For the Castle and Livingstone sub-regions:
< 6 ha
6-40 ha
40-80 ha
80-500 ha
> 500 ha
Pattern The arrangement of forest stands or harvest units. [1]
Permanent reserve An area permanently excluded from harvesting in the DFMP. [1]
Permanent roads Roads that will be in use for more than five years. [1]
Permanent sample plot A plot established for long-term growth-and-yield, silvicultural, or scientific study.
(PSP) Continuous field data collection that measures forest tree and stand dynamics
Permanent stream A stream that flows continuously throughout the year. (See the Operating Ground Rules for
specific details.)
Planning horizon The length of time over which a series of defined management actions occur. For the purposes of
modeling ⎯ 200 years. [1]
Precautionary Principle Caution will be exercised whenever uncertainty exists about the consequences of intended
management actions, or when the effects (impacts) of a particular land use or activity are not
known.
Pre-harvest assessment Stands or strata are assessed prior to harvest for regeneration implications relating to soils, soil
moisture, competition, conifer understory, pests, hazards and other site concerns.
Prescribed burn The planned use of carefully controlled fire to accomplish predetermined management goals
(e.g., site preparation for planting, reduction of fire hazards or pest problems, improvement of the
ease with which the site can be traversed, and creation of better quality browse for wildlife). [2]
Productive forest Land dedicated primarily to the growing of merchantable timber or other specifically defined
forest resources.
Protected Area Provincially designated areas of varying size and classification that have some level of legal
protection from human activity – industrial or otherwise.
Protection buffer A strip of vegetated land, subjected to either no or minimal disturbance during silvicultural
operations, to protect watercourses, mineral licks or other features.
Provenance The original geographic source of seed or other propagules. Also, a test population resulting
from seeds collected at a particular geographic location.
Quadrant A 5-year period established by the Province.
Quota The timber quota is a share of the allowable cut of coniferous timber within a forest management
unit. [1]
Quota certificate A certificate that entitles the owner to a percentage share of the AAC of a Forest Management
Unit. This percentage is translated into a fixed roundwood volume. [3]

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
Quota holder Operators that hold a quota certificate (i.e., thereby possessing the right to harvest trees).
Quota quadrant The 20-year period of a quota must be administered for production control purpose. This period is
divided into 4 successive quadrants, each 5 years in duration. [4]
Reclamation of roads Permanent removal of watercourse crossings; re-contouring of road crown and ditches;
reseeding or planting of the former right-of-way. [1]
Reforestation Re-establishment of a tree crop on forest land following harvesting or other disturbances (e.g.,
fire, wind damage).
Reforestation prescription The site-specific activities proposed to reforest a cutblock.
Reforestation standard The legal regeneration requirements that must be achieved on an area following harvest.
Regeneration The renewal of a tree crop by natural or artificial means. It may also refer to the young crop itself.
[1]
Regulated forestry A Registered Professional Forester (RPF) on the Registered Professional Foresters Register of
professional the College of Alberta Professional Foresters (CAPF) or a Registered Professional Forest
Technologist (RFPT) on the Registered Professional Forest Technologists Register of the
College of Alberta Professional Forest Technologists (CAPFT). [1]
Reserve In its strictest sense, an area of land designated as being off-limits to any exploitive activities that
might change the nature of the area. Not all reserves are as tightly controlled. [2]
Residual structure Standing structure within a harvested area that is taller than 2 m. Areas buffered for sensitive
ecological or wildlife habitat may be included for residuals. Required buffers for lakes and small
and large permanent streams are not included. This includes non-merchantable trees and
shrubs, live merchantable trees, snags and stubs. [1]
Residual tree A live canopy tree that is spatially within a harvested area. Areas buffered for sensitive ecological
or wildlife habitat may be included for residuals. Required buffers for lakes, small and large
permanent streams are not included. [1]
Resources Physical and intrinsic features of the land, including but not limited to timber, wildlife, water and
soil. [1]
Restricted weed A plant designated under the Weed Regulation (AR 171/2001) of the Weed Control Act. [1]
Right-of-way A cleared area, usually linear, containing a road and its associated features such as shoulders,
ditches, cut-and-fill slopes, or the area cleared for the passage of utility corridors containing
power lines or over- or under-ground pipelines. Typically, the right-of-way is a specially
designated area of land having very specific rights of usage attached. Rights-of-way may be
owned by someone else. [2] (See the Operating Ground Rules for specific information based on
road class.)
Riparian area or Riparian 1. The band of land that has a significant influence on a stream ecosystem or is significantly
management zone affected by the stream. It often has specialized plant and animal communities associated with
it. [Anon]
2. Terrestrial areas where the vegetation complex and microclimate conditions are products of
the combined presence and influence of perennial and/or intermittent water, associated high
water tables and soils that exhibit some wetness characteristics. Normally used to refer to the
zone within which plants grow rooted in the water table of these rivers, streams, lakes, ponds,
reservoirs, springs, marshes, seeps, bogs and wet meadows. The riparian zone is influenced
by, and exerts an influence on, the associated aquatic ecosystem. [2]
Road de-activation Returning a road to its former productive state, which may include any of the following
techniques:
- scarifying or contouring the road area to a stable form;
- removing all watercourse crossing structures and back-sloping approaches to a stable slope;
- cross-ditching to disperse run-off and suspended sediment into undisturbed areas;
- rolling back available topsoil, stripping, and re-vegetating bared surface areas, where

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 required, to stabilize the soils and restore site productivity;
- reforesting the disturbed areas for roads within cutblocks.
Root collar weevils Hylobius spp.
Rotation The period of years required to establish and grow even-aged timber crops to a specified
condition of maturity. [1]
Salvage logging Logging operations that are carried out to remove damaged timber following a fire, insect attack,
or windthrow.
Salvage timber Timber available for harvest in connection with or incidental to development, geological or
geophysical exploration, or acts of nature (i.e. fire, blowdown). [4]
Scarification A silviculture practice involving the mechanical disruption of the soil surface in preparation for
reforestation. Its purpose is to expose mineral soil to enhance conifer growth.
Seed source Trees or stands of trees of seed-bearing age; also cone-bearing tops and limbs of pine that will
provide seed for reforestation.
Selection harvesting A silvicultural system used to create or maintain uneven aged stands. Usually accomplished
through the periodic removal of groups of trees or individual trees, while full residual stand growth
rates are maintained and natural regeneration from overstorey trees is encouraged. Not to be
confused with selective harvesting, or high-grading, where trees are selected and removed
periodically based solely on economic criteria. Selective harvest is not designed to improve the
growing conditions of the remaining crop trees as is selection cutting. [1]
Selection Cutting An uneven-aged silvicultural system in which selected trees are harvested individually or in small
groups at periodic intervals throughout a rotation; the objective is to improve the timber condition,
composition, structure and value. [3]
Sensitive or complex sites Sites that have soil, water, slope, aesthetic, vegetation or wildlife characteristics that require
special protection beyond the normal precautions described in the ground rules. They may be
complex if many values or issues are involved. [1]
Seral Stages A stage in forest succession. A series of plant community conditions that develop during
ecological succession from a major disturbance to the climax stage. Most common
characteristics/classifications include tree species and age. [1].
The following 5 seral stages have been adopted in the C5 FMP:
1. Regeneration ⎯ time required to establish a new forest stand.
2. Young ⎯ stands are established and develop quickly, but are generally not merchantable.
3. Mature ⎯ stands are changing relatively slowly and are merchantable.
4. Early Old Forest ⎯ early old forest seral stage is the age range at which processes and
structural attributes that characterize old forests have just begun. These processes and
structural attributes include the breaking up of the dominant stratum allowing release of
suppressed under story trees (canopy gap formation), the presence of tall, large diameter
trees, the presence of large snags, increasing levels of large diameter downed woody
material. For C5, ages defining early old forest for different cover types and groups have
been empirically defined in Appendix 6.
5. Late Old Forest ⎯ late old forest seral stage is the age range at which processes
characterizing old forests are more advanced and fully expressed throughout the stand. Thus,
late-old forest seral stages exhibit more horizontal and vertical structural diversity resulting in
more environmental heterogeneity and species diversity, than early-old forests. For C5, ages
defining late old forest for different cover types and groups have been empirically defined in
Appendix 6.
Seral stages have been operationally defined for each cover group (see Appendix 6 of Criterion 1
in the FMP Matrix).
Southern Headwaters At A cooperative project between Alberta Fish and Wildlife, Alberta Conservation Association,
Risk Project (SHARP) Environment Canada Habitat Stewardship Program and Waterton Lakes National Park that
encompasses much of the C5 FMU. The project will identify and inventory species at risk, identify

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 priority conservation areas for selected species based on habitat models, and establish beneficial
management practices and stewardship actions.
Shelterwood A silvicultural system in which trees are left standing, usually in strips designed to protect the
newly established seedlings. [3] The gradual removal of an entire stand in a series of partial
cuts that extend over a fraction of a rotation. The objective is to regenerate an even-aged stand
under the existing canopy.
Sight distance The distance at which 90% or more of an adult big game animal is hidden from the view of a
human. This distance may vary from one stand to another. [1]
Silvicultural systems Systems that follow accepted silvicultural principles, whereby the tree crops are tended,
harvested and replaced to produce a crop of a desired form. This includes even-aged (i.e.,
clearcutting, shelterwood or seed tree cutting) or uneven-aged (i.e., selection cutting) systems. A
planned program of silviculture treatments over the life of a stand, and includes the harvesting
and the follow-up tending to the next rotation. [Smith, 1996]
Silviculture prescription A site-specific silvicultural plan.
Silviculture The theory and practice of controlling the establishment, composition, health, structure and
growth of forests in order to achieve specified management objectives. [1]
Silviculture tactic The reforestation tactics or combination of tactics utilized to reforest a cutblock:
- leave for natural — seed;
- leave for natural — root suckering;
- scarify and leave for natural regeneration;
- no site preparation and artificial seeding;
- site preparation combined with artificial seeding;
- planting with no site preparation;
- site preparation with planting;
- post-harvest surveying and subsequent tactics to be prescribed.
Site An area described or defined by its biotic, climatic, and soil conditions in relation to its capacity to
produce vegetation; also, the smallest planning unit.
Site preparation Any action taken in conjunction with a reforestation effort (natural or artificial) to create an
environment favourable for survival of suitable trees during the first growing season. Altering the
ground cover, soil or microsite conditions can create this environment ⎯ using biological,
mechanical or manual clearing; prescribed burns; herbicides or a combination of methods. [2]
Skid trail An unimproved temporary forest trail suitable for use by equipment such as bulldozers and
skidders in bringing trees or logs to a landing or road. [1]
Slash The tree residue left on the ground as a result of forest and other vegetation being altered by
forest practices. Slash includes material such as logs, splinters, chips, tree branches and tops.
Snag A dead standing tree at least 6 m in height. It may provide roosting or cavity nesting/denning
opportunities for wildlife.
Soil displacement A loss of nutrient-rich organic layers, and top mineral soil as a result of harvesting activities. Bare
mineral soil is susceptible to raindrop impact causing soil crusting, increased surface runoff and
erosion. [1]
Soil disturbance In the context of the 5% maximum allowable area within a harvest area, includes bared landing
areas, temporary roads, displaced soils or ruts. [1]
Soil productivity The capacity of a soil to provide for growth. [1]
Spacing Factor Inter-tree distance expressed as a percentage of the stand’s top height. [1]
Spatial Harvest Sequence The planned location and sequence of cutblocks to be harvested over a known period of time.
The spatial harvest sequence for the C5 FMU will be developed by ASRD based on direction
contained in this plan.
A map identifying all timber types that are scheduled for harvest within a defined period of time.

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 Deviation from the established sequence is allowed within limits.
Species at risk Any species known to be ”at risk” after formal detailed status assessment and designation as
provincially “Endangered” or “Threatened” .under the Alberta Wildlife Act or as nationally Extinct,
Extirpated, Endangered, Threatened or Special Concern by COSEWIC under the Species at Risk
Act . [1]
Species of management Species within the forest management planning area that have an identified value (social,
concern economic, ecological) and are managed to ensure their continued protection and/or use. This
includes species that are hunted or trapped, as well as those that are endangered or threatened.
[1]
Stand A community of trees sufficiently uniform in species, age, arrangement or condition as to be
distinguishable as a group in the forest or other growth in the area. A stand may also be that
polygon as defined in the AVI or Phase III inventory. [1]
Stand Structure The vertical and horizontal organization of plants in a stand.
Standards The minimum requirements that must be met to achieve stated goals and objectives. Standards
include requirements contained in legislation, regulations, provincial policy, operating ground
rules, forest certification, planning manuals, etc.
Stewardship Report A report, completed at 5-year intervals (drawing on any prepared annual updates), that identifies:
progress made in implementing provisions in a forest management plan; highlights of monitoring
activities; potential future revisions or recommended amendments to the FMP; forest user trends,
highlights of activities of timber disposition holders; etc.
Strata For the C5 Forest Management Plan, the term “strata” is used to refer to four coniferous (C)
(also referred to as “cover species or species groups:
classes” or “cover - Alpine Fir (Fa)
groups”) - Douglas Fir (Fd)
- Lodgepole Pine (Px or Pl)
- White or Engelmann Spruce (Sx),
- one coniferous-deciduous species group (CD)
The four coniferous species categories are singled out as leading species in the Alberta
Vegetation Inventory (AVI) for the C5 forest. The fifth strata (CD) refers to mixedwood forests in
which conifers are the dominant tree variety. Other strata that are known to occur in forested
regions within Alberta (i.e., DC − deciduous-dominated mixedwood forests, and D −
predominantly deciduous forests) have not been adopted for the C5 FMP because deciduous
leading stands are not part of the C5 net landbase. The area covered by the 5 strata recognized
in the C5 FMP (Fa, Fd, Px, Sx and CD) are shown in Appendix 6 of Criterion 1 in the Matrix.
Note: Typically, a cutblock is placed in one of four strata (C − Coniferous, CD − Coniferous-
Deciduous, DC − Deciduous-Coniferous, D − Deciduous) for landbase designation and
regeneration survey purposes. However, flexibility exists to adopt forest strata that are uniquely
suited to a forest management unit. ASRD’s Forest Management Branch Directive No. 2004-01
(May 1, 2004) states:
“For operators with approved strata-specific regeneration standards (SSRS), strata declarations
and maintenance will be carried out . . .on the basis of the operator’s strata definitions rather than
the four [i.e., C; CD; DC; D] provincial strata.” (page 6).
Structural Diversity The diversity of forest structure, both vertical and horizontal, that provides for a variety of forest
habitats for plants and animals. The variety results from layering or tiers in the forest canopy and
the die-back, death, and ultimate decay of trees.
Sub-regions The C5 Forest Management Unit has been sub-divided into 5 subregions for planning and
management purposes. The subregions are as follows:
- Continental Divide North
- Continental Divide South

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
 - Castle
- Livingstone
- Porcupine Hills
Subsequent pass Any harvest occurring after the first harvest pass. [1]
Succession The replacement of one plant community by another in progressive development toward climax
vegetation.
Sustainable forest Management to maintain and enhance the long-term health of forest ecosystems, while providing
management ecological, economic, social and cultural opportunities for the benefit of present and future
generations. [1]
TM 66 Program A component of ASRD’s Community Timber Program that allows the public access to poles, rails,
Christmas trees and firewood for private use.
Sustained yield Theoretical calculation of the yields of wood fibre possible on a continuing basis from a forest
under a specified management regime. [3]
Sustained-yield timber Managing the net forest landbase in a defined area for continuous timber production where the
management aim is to achieve, at the earliest practicable time, a balance between net growth and harvest.
Temporary road Roads that are part of a harvest area or that connect harvest areas, and are built, used and
reclaimed before expiry of the Annual Operating Plan (AOP) or reclaimed within five years of
construction. [1]
Temporary sample plot Tree and forest data collected in the field from a known location for a short duration of time.
Three-pass harvest A harvest pattern in which all the available merchantable timber in an area is harvested in three
separate passes. Normally it is done over approximately equal areas and in equal volumes. [1]
Timber disposition Licenses and permits that allow forest operators to harvest from Crown lands. [1]
Timber harvesting Used interchangeably with net or active landbase.
landbase
Timber Management The legislative statute that describes the mechanism and regulations by which the forested lands
Regulation of Alberta are managed. The Regulation is associated with the Forests Act. [1]
Timber operations Includes all activities related to timber harvesting including site assessments, planning, road
construction, harvesting, reclamation and reforestation. [1]
Timber supply analysis Calculations/computer models with built-in assumptions regarding forest growth patterns, used to
(TSA) determine the annual allowable cut. [1]
Timing constraints A restriction or limitation on when an activity may be carried out. [1]
Traditional access Existing access that has never been restricted through the use of conditions. [4]
Trapper Holder of a trapping license. [1]
Two-pass harvest A harvest pattern in which all the merchantable timber in an area is harvested in two harvest
passes. Normally, the harvest is done over approximately equal areas and in equal volumes. [1]
Understory The trees and other woody species growing under the canopies of larger adjacent trees and
other woody growth. [2]
Uneven-aged stand Stands in which the trees differ markedly in age, usually with a span greater than 20 years. [1]
Unstable slope Slopes of loose or poorly consolidated materials beyond the angle of repose, geological features
having a high probability of failure, or soils that will not support loads. [1]
Utilization The portion of the stand or individual tree used for manufacture of wood products, defined in
terms of piece length and diameter at each end. Minimum standards for utilization are defined in
the timber disposition. [1]
Utilization standard Standards set by ASRD that establish which stands and trees will be considered merchantable.
Variance – spatial harvest 1. Operators shall delete no more than 20% of the area (ha) of the scheduled stands in the
approved spatial harvest sequence.

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
sequence 2. Operators may replace up to an equivalent area (ha) deleted from unsequenced stands in the
net landbase.
3. Operators may harvest no more than 100% of the total area (ha) sequenced in the spatial
harvest sequence.
Items 1, 2 and 3 above, must be met by compartment per decade. [1]
Viewshed The visible area, as it appears from one or more viewpoints. [1]
Visual impact analysis Estimates visual impact potential, determines acceptable design and layout, and guides
measures to be taken during and upon completion of operations to reduce visual contrast. [1]
Visual quality objectives Broad objectives for visual resource management that set limits considered acceptable to the
average viewer as to the form and scale of visible alteration. [1]
Visual resource A relatively intensive reconnaissance of a landscape or parts of a landscape. A forest
assessment management planning framework for assessing Alberta’s visual resource base in a consistent
and systematic manner. Consists of four planning phases: visual resource inventory, visual
quality objectives, visual impact analysis and total resource design. [1]
Visual resource inventory A quick and simple process of recording the expanses of viewable area, noting key features, their
prominence and sensitivity in order to better direct proposed harvesting operations in scenic or
visually important areas. [1]
Visual resource A standardized process of identifying and assessing visual values to ensure that proposed
management industrial developments in visually sensitive areas of Alberta, are planned and developed in a
consistent manner. The process used is called a Visual Resource Assessment. [1]
Visual sensitivity The vulnerability of a forest landscape visually impacted by forest operations. Visual sensitivity is
based on the visual prominence and importance of the features, conditions that affect visual
perception, and social factors that contribute to viewer perceptions.
Visually sensitive area A viewshed that is visible from communities, public-use areas and travel corridors (including
roadways and waterways) and any other viewpoint so identified through referral or planning
processes.
Water regime Timing of water flow. [1]
Water source area That portion of a watershed where soils are water-saturated and/or surface flow occurs and
contributes directly to streamflow. The area of saturated interflow associated with a stream. [1]
Watercourse The bed, bank or shore of a river, stream, creek or lake or other natural body of water, whether it
contains or conveys water continuously or intermittently. [1]
Watershed An area of land, which may or may not be under forest cover, that drains water, organic matter,
dissolved nutrients and sediments into a lake or stream. The topographic boundary, usually a
height of land, that marks the dividing line from which surface streams flow in two different
directions. [2]
Watershed sensitivity A function of the combined effects of water value, stream bed stability, and hydraulic
characteristics such as water quality, quantity, and timing which may ultimately have an effect on
fishery and downstream values.
Wildland urban interface The area where various structures and other human developments meet or are intermingled with
zone the forest and other vegetative fuel types. [1]
Wildlife Any species of amphibian, bird, fish, mammal and reptile found in the wild, living unrestrained or
free roaming and not domesticated. Some definitions include plants, fungi, algae and bacteria. [2]
Wildlife corridor A strip of forest with a minimum width of 100 m that connects two forested areas.
Wildlife tree A dead, decaying, deteriorating, or other designated tree that provides present or future habitat
for the maintenance and enhancement of wildlife.
Wildlife zone As defined on Fish and Wildlife Referral Maps. [1]
Windfirm boundaries Harvest area boundaries established at locations that are stable and which minimize the potential
for timber losses from wind. [1]

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
Windthrow Trees or parts of trees uprooted or sheared off by the wind.
Yield Curves The curve which represents the volume of wood (m3/ha) available over time. [3]
Yield table A summary table showing, for stands (usually even aged) of one or more species on different
sites, characteristics at different ages of the stand. [1]

List of Acronyms

AAC annual allowable cut

ACA Alberta Conservation Association
ACD Alberta Community Development
AEP Alberta Environmental Protection
AMP access management plan
ANHIC Alberta Natural Heritage Information Centre
AOP annual operating plan
ARC Approval Review Committee
ARIS Audit Reforestation Information System
ARSSC Alberta Reforestation Standards Science Council
ASRD Alberta Sustainable Resource Development
ATRL Alberta Tourism Recreational Leasing Program
AVI Alberta Vegetation Inventory
BOR basic operating rules
CAPF College of Alberta Professional Foresters
CAPFT College of Alberta Professional Forest Technologists
CAPP Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers
CCFM Canadian Council of Forest Ministers
CCTP Coniferous Community Timber Permit
COP Codes of Practice (Watercourse Crossings Codes of Practice, Water Act).
COSEWIC Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada
CT commercial thinning
CTP Commercial Timber Permit
CTP Community Timber Program
CSA Canadian Standards Association
C&I criteria and indicators
DBI diameter base height
DFF desired future forest
DFMP detailed forest management plan
DHAP detailed harvest area plan
ECA equivalent clearcut area (Alberta)
EFM enhanced forest management
EFR Environmental Field Report
FWD Fish and Wildlife Division
FLUZ Forest Land Use Zone
FMA forest management agreement

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
FMP See definitions − forest management plan (generic)
FMU Forest Management Unit
FPD Forest Protection Division
FRIAA Forest Resource Improvement Association of Alberta
FRIP Forest Resource Improvement Program
FTG free to grow
G&Y growth and yield
GDP general development plan
HSI Habitat Suitability Index
IRM integrated resource management
IRP integrated resource (management) plan
LAC local advisory committee
LOC License of Occupation
LMU Landscape Management Unit
LTP Local Timber Permit
MEL mature, early and late
MPB mountain pine beetle
NFI National Forest Inventory
NLB net landbase
NSR not satisfactorily restocked or natural subregion
OGR operating ground rules
OHV off-highway vehicle
PAC public advisory committee
PCT pre-commercial thinning
PDT plan development team
PFMP preliminary forest management plan or preferred forest management scenario
PLFD Public Lands and Forests Division
PPG public participation group
PSP permanent sample plot
RFP Regulated Forestry Professional
RMA resource management area
RMFR Rocky Mountain Forest Reserve
ROW right-of-way
RPF Registered Professional Forester
RPFT Registered Professional Forest Technologist
SDMD stand density management diagram
SFM sustainable forest management
SHARP Southern Headwaters At Risk Project
SHS spatial harvest sequence
SR satisfactorily restocked
SRA Southern Rockies Area
SSRS Strata Specific Regeneration Standards
STIA Standards for Tree Improvement in Alberta
SYU sustained yield unit
TDA timber damage assessment

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms
TFA Temporary Field Authority
ToR terms of reference
TMR Timber Management Regulation made under the Forests Act
TPRS Timber Productivity Rating System
TSA timber supply analysis
TSP temporary sample plot
UP understory protection
VIA visual impact analysis
VOIT values, objectives, indicators and targets
VQO visual quality objectives
VRA visual resource assessment
VRI visual resource inventory
WLNP Waterton Lakes National Park
WMU wildlife management unit
ZICM Zone of Imminent Competition Mortality

Metric Conversion Factors for Timber Management (ASRD)

Board foot lumber ..........................................0.004292 cubic metre roundwood
Cord...............................................................3.625 cubic metre stacked
Cord...............................................................2.407 cubic metre roundwood
Cubic metre roundwood.................................233 board feet lumber
Thousand board feet (Mfbm) lumber .............1.623 cubic metre

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Appendix 1. Glossary and Acronyms