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Form 4 Add Maths Chapter 3

The document explains how to analyze a quadratic function using a graph, focusing on finding the maximum or minimum point, y-intercept, and roots of the equation. It provides a step-by-step method to derive the function from given coordinates and calculate specific parameters such as h, p, and q. The example illustrates how to find the x-axis intercepts and the complete function equation based on the graph's characteristics.

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LIM LI PING Moe
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9 views

Form 4 Add Maths Chapter 3

The document explains how to analyze a quadratic function using a graph, focusing on finding the maximum or minimum point, y-intercept, and roots of the equation. It provides a step-by-step method to derive the function from given coordinates and calculate specific parameters such as h, p, and q. The example illustrates how to find the x-axis intercepts and the complete function equation based on the graph's characteristics.

Uploaded by

LIM LI PING Moe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FORM 4 ADD MATHS –

CHAPTER 3

finding y & x intercepts,max or min point, roots of equation, shape of graph

HOW DO YOU EXPLAIN THE ELEMENTS OF QUADRATIC FUNCTION BASED ON A


GIVEN GRAPH AS YOUR ONLY SOURCE OF INFORMATION?
EXAMPLE I
Based on the graph given, find the value of h, p and q? Explain the plot of function by way of
calculation

STEP 1 – GRAPH READING


1.1 FINDING THE MAXIMUM OR MINIMUM POINT
Since the graph comes in the shape of U, then it must have a minimum point. In this case,
the minimum point is (-1, -8) where the axis symmetry is x =- 1

1.2 FINDING THE COORDINATE THAT INTERCEPTS WITH Y-AXIS


Based on the graph given, the y intercepts (f(x) intercept) lies on the point of -6 and has the
coordinate of (0, -6)

1.3 FORMING THE FUNCTION/EQUATION BASED ON THE GIVEN COORDINATES


Since the minimum point is (-1, -8), therefore the function/equation shall read as follows :
f(x) = a(x + 1)²-8

Finding the value of a can be obtained upon taking the coordinate of y intercepts into the
just formed function/equation :

At y intercepts, x = 0 and f(x) = – 6 and by replacing the value of f(x) and x into the
function/equation will give new reading as follows :

- 6 = a(0 + 1)² – 8

-6=a–8

a =–6+8=2

a=2

As such, the complete reading of the function/equation shall read as :

f(x) = 2(x + 1)² – 8

STEP 2 – FINDING THE VALUE OF h,p & q


Compare the complete function/equation with the given function/equation :

f(x) = h(x + p)² + q = 2(x + 1)² – 8

h = 2; p = 1; q = – 8
STEP 3 – FINDING THE ROOTS OR THE COORDINATES THAT INTERCEPTS WITH X-
AXIS
The point where the function/equation intercepts with x-axis is/are also the roots of the
function/equation. This shall be justified as finding the value of x when f(x) or y = 0 share
the same mechanism as finding the roots of the function or equation.

Based on this understanding, the value of x shall be calculated as follows :

f(x) = 2(x + 1)² – 8 = 0

2(x + 1)² = 8

(x + 1)² = 8/2 = 4

(x + 1) = + 2 or – 2

x = 1 or – 3

Therefore, the x-axis intercept shall have 2 coordinates of (1, 0) and (-3, 0)

Finding the value of x can be done by other known methods such as applying factorization
or completing the square or using the formula

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