COMPUTER SCIENCE

Class:9th
Chapter:01 “Introduction To System”
1. What is Information system?Explain with example .
An information system is simply a organized set of components that are coordinated to perform a
designated function.All the components of system are in some way related to each other and the
functioning of other components enhances the the operation of the system .
For Example:
Consider an example of a car .It is made up of an engine,wheels,brakes and other related items.Every part
plays a unique task , but collectively they are responsible for making the car move.
2. Explain system theory.
A branch of science that deals with complicated structures in living organisms , that relate the
human with society and the science is known as system Theory.
Systems can be observed at all level of existence , starting with the level of nature ,and going all the way
up to levels of systems designed by humans.
3. Explain concept of system.
A system is described by its objectives ,components, communication among components and
environment in which it works.The components of system communicate with each other to achieve the
system’s objective in an environment .
4. What is the main objective of system ?Also explain the types of system’s objective with
examples .
Every system has a objective or goal that it wishes to fulfil.If we want to analyze system’s aim first
we need to understand its aim .A computer system’s goal is to process data and provide useful information
to users .
Types of system’s objective :
System can have different objectives that include:
1. Information Processing:
Collecting , sorting processing and distributing information .For example,
 A computer system processes user data to produce meaningful outputs .
 A human brain also prosses data .
2. Supporting other systems:
Providing a platform or infrastructure for other systems to work.For example,
 A cell phones provides a platform to run different applications.
 The sun provides energy to all species on earth .
3. Achieving specific goal:
Completing a special tasks or processes .For example ,
 A car engine aims to convert fuel into mechanical energy
 A thermostat system maintains a set temperature in environment .
5.What are components of system?
Components are the building blocks of any system .Each component plays an important role in
enhancing the overall functionality of system .Understanding the role of each component is very important
to understand how entire system works.This helps in identifying problems , improving performance , and
refining system’s design .
6.What is system;s environment ?Explain some properties of environment .
The environment of the system include everything external to the system that interacts with it .It
consist of all the external factors that affect’s the system operation.There are several properties of a
system’s environment that affect system design and its functionality.Two of these properties are :
Static and Dynamic:
Static: The environment remains unchanged unless the system provides an output.There is no change
occurring in the environment while the system is working internally.For Example: wall Clock hanging on the
wall .
Dynamic:The environment can change independently of the system's output. The system must account for
changes that occur over time in the environment .For Example:Weather systems .
Deterministic and Non-deterministic:
Deterministic :A deterministic system is characterized by its fully known and certain impacts of its output
on environment. For Example: A calculator perform basic arithmetic operations .

1
Non-deterministic: The impact of the system’s output on environment is characterized by randomness
and probability.For Example:Dice rolling .
7. What is communication in system?give example.
Communication and interaction among system components is key to the functioning of a system.It
ensures that components work together in an organized and smooth manner to achieve the system’s
objective.
Example:
In a computing system,the CPU communicates with memory to fetch and store data.
In a biological system, brain sends signals to muscles to initiate movement.
8. What are natural systems ?Explain some examples of natural systems .
Natural Systems :
Natural systems are those that exist in nature and operate independently of human involvement. They are
governed by natural laws and processes.Natural systems are of various forms and sizes
Some examples of natural systems are :
Physical systems :
Physical systems are composed of physical components and governed by the laws of physics.They include
things like sub- atomic particles, atoms, stars, planets ,galaxies and cosmos.
For example hydrogen gas (H) is formed when an electron , proton and neutrons combine, following the
rules of physical and natural forces.
Chemical systems:
Chemical systems involve substance and their interactions , transformations ,and reactions.They are
governed by the laws of chemistry. Chemical systems emerge from physical systems when atom and
molecules interact and bond according to chemical principles, forming new substances.
For example water (H2O) is formed when hydrogen atom bonds with oxygen atoms fpllowing chemical
rules.
Biological systems :
Biological systems consist of living organisms and their interactions.They are governed by biological
processes such as growth , reproduction and metabolism. Biological systems emerge from chemical
systems.
Psychological systems :
Psychological systems involve the mind and behavior. They include thoughts ,emotions, mental processes
governed by the principles of psychology Psychological systems emerge from biological systems .
9. What are Artificial systems ?
Artificial systems:
Artificial systems are created by people to solve problems and to perform some specific tasks. These
systems can be very small like wheel and large as the United Nations.Each system is design to improve
the efficiency of process and provide solutions to various issues.For example automated traffic system and
transport system.
9. What are knowledge systems ?
Knowledge systems:
Knowledge systems are developed to capture , process , facilitate , store, retrieve and manage
information .such systems facilitate in knowledge efficiency for the purpose of decision making, and
problem solving.
Mathematics:
Mathematics focuses on solving problems related to numbers, amounts, forms and patterns.
For example it is used in calculations , logical reasoning ,and problem solving in various fields.
Logic:
Logic is a model for reasoning and critical analysis.it helps identify and asses rationale and forms the basis
of logical reasoning .
For example logic is applied in decision making and problem solving.
Databases:
A database is a software used for managing, storing and retrieving data.
For example relational database like MySQL and NoSQL are widely used.
Information management system:
These are applications used to organize, achieve and share data.
For example it is used in offices to manage and distribute documents.
10.What are Engineering systems?
Engineering systems:

2
Products developed by engineers are complex frameworks or devices that apply engineering concepts to
perform certain tasks or solve technical challenges .
For example civil, chemical, mechanical, electrical and softwarre engineering systems.
Civil Engineering Systems :
Concentration on developments like constructing roads, houses, bridges and even maintaining these
structures.
For example a structure a structure used to provide a passage over water , valleys or roads is termed as
bridge.
Mechanical Engineering systems:
Engage in planning and creating devices that make utilization of forces from outside to accomplish work.
For example A robotic arm is applies in assembly line for packaging of products in factories .

3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11