SUCCESSGATE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Motto: RAISING AND EXCELLENT PRODUCTIVE GENERATION

LESSON NOTE
EDUCATOR’S NAME:

SUBJECT: SECURITY – EDUCATION (N.V.E)

CLASS: BASIC 9 / GRADE 9 / J.S.S. 3

TERM: THIRD TERM ( 3RD TERM )

SESSION: 2023 – ACADEMIC – SESSION

 SUBJECT: SECURITY – EDUCATION CLASS: JSS 3

SCHEME OF WORK 3RD TERM LESSON NOTE

WEEK TOPICS Learning Objectives: By the end of the lessons, students

S should be able to:
1 Revision of last term’s Revisions of 2nd term past questions, respond to various
work / Welcome Test questions
2 Revision – security Meaning of security awareness , outline reasons for creating
awareness security
3 Revision – Curbing List ways to curb crimes, explain benefits of curbing crimes ,
crimes that affects policing
National Security
4 Promoting National Analyse ways to promote, explain those ways to promote
security national security
5 Revisions Revisions and Final Examinations
6 Revisions Revisions and Final Examinations
7 Mid Term Test Mid-term break / Open day / UNIFIED TEST
8 Revisions Revisions and Final Examinations
9 Revisions Revisions and Final Examinations
10 Revisions Revisions and Final Examinations
11 Revision Revisions and Final Examination
12 Revision Revisions and Final Examination
12-13 Revision Revisions and Final Examination
REFERENCES
UNIFIED SCHEME OF WORK
WEEK: 2 DAY: SUBJECT:
DATE: TOPIC: REVISION – DEMONSTRATION OF SECURITY AWARENESS
SUBTOPIC: PERIODS: DURATIONS:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students should be able to
1. Meaning of national security
2. Itemize crimes that affects National security
3. Interpret the effects of crimes on individual and national insecurity

KEY VOCABULARY WORDS:

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Wall charts, Pictures, Related Online Video, Flash Cards

CONTENT: SECURITY AWARENESS

Security awareness is the knowledge and attitude members of an organization possess regarding the
protection of the physical, and especially informational, assets of that organization. Many organizations
require formal security awareness training for all workers when they join the organization and periodically
thereafter, usually annually.

IMPORTANCE OF SECURITY AWARENESS

Security awareness training helps to minimize risk thus preventing the loss of PII, IP, money or
brand reputation. An effective awareness training program addresses the cybersecurity mistakes that
employees may make when using email, the web and in the physical world such as tailgating or improper
document disposal.

REASONS FOR CREATING SECURITY AWARENESS

Security awareness training helps to minimize risk thus preventing the loss of PII, IP, money or
brand reputation. An effective awareness training program addresses the cybersecurity mistakes that
employees may make when using email, the web and in the physical world such as tailgating or improper
document disposal.

Meaning of National Security

National security is the means by which an environment, properties and life is secured and protected from
destruction. It can also be explained as a means of preventing and controlling loss of people, money,
preventing from having attack and danger. The methods adopted may be through surveillance, patrol,
information gathering and devices for detection.

There are many crimes that are affecting the security of a nation. These crimes include:
vandalization of oil pipe line, drug trafficking, illegal bunkering, terrorism, arson, importation of
expired foods and drug.

1. Vandalization of Oil Pipelines: This kind of activity is very common in areas where there are oil
pipelines. There are some mischievous people that want to ventilate their displeasure to the
government of the day by spoiling the oil pipe. This is national crime
2. Drug Trafficking: This is an illegal business of dealing in the buying and sales of illegal drugs.
3. Illegal Bunkering: This is another crime in which oil pipe is broken and refined oil is illegally collected
for sale by people. This is done to sabotage the effort of the government.
4. Terrorism: It is the use of violence like murder, kidnapping, bombing in order to achieve either
political aims or personal interest. This is carried out to force the government of the day to do
something about their request. A good example is Boko Haram activities in Nigeria.
 5. Arson: It is an illegal use of fire to destroy a house, building or property. There are times this method
is used to cover up misdeed in office by setting ablaze a building so that relevant documents will be
burnt off.
6. Importation of expired drug and other food substances is also a national crime. This is done to
make money by some people. They sell these drugs or food substances cheaper than cost prices.

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE DEMONSTRATION OF AWARENESS:

1. Public Enlightenment: Public should be enlightened on the evil of these crimes. Mass media such as
the radio, television and newspaper could be used. Also organizing seminars, workshops and
conferences could be used to enlightening the public on the evil that is associated with these crimes.
2. Law enforcement agency should be provided with good machinery to work with. This will go a long
way towards the prevention of these crimes.
3. Legal Solution: Government should ensure that there is legal framework that will recommend stiff
measures and punishment for those who indulge in this evil.
4. Legislation: Bills against crimes and treat to national security should be sponsored and passed into
law in upper and lower legislative chambers.
5. Poverty Reduction: When the government ensures that the people are gainfully employed, poverty
will reduce and issues of crime will no more be in our society.
6. Empowerment: The people should be empowered to be self-reliant by giving loans and other tools to
establish themselves in their areas of specialization. This will guide against idleness.
7. Education: Government on its part should make education available and affordable at all levels. An
educated populace will avoid crimes and other evil acts that do not add value to the country.
8. Advocacy: The non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the government officials, community
leaders and various groups should help to support the eradication of such evil.

EVALUATION

1. Mention five ways by which the awareness can be demonstrates demonstrated

EVALUATION

1. What is national security?

2. Crimes that Affect National Security
3. Mention five crimes that are affecting Nigeria security.
4. Give five solutions to the crimes mentioned.
5. What is national security?
6. Explain three crimes that are affecting Nigeria security.

WEEK: 3 DAY: SUBJECT:

DATE: TOPIC:
SUBTOPIC: PERIODS: DURATIONS:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students should be able to
1. Meaning of Crime Prevention
2. State ways to curb or prevent crimes

KEY VOCABULARY WORDS:

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Wall charts, Pictures, Related Online Video, Flash Cards

CONTENT: REVISION – CURBING CRIMES THAT AFFECTS NATIONAL SECURITY

Crime prevention is the attempt to reduce and deter crime and criminals. It is applied specifically to
efforts made by governments to reduce crime, enforce the law, and maintain criminal justice.

WAYS TO CURB OR PREVENT CRIMES

8 WAYS TO PREVENT CRIMES IN NIGERIA

The idea of preventing crimes in Nigerian society has brought to mind the fact that every Nigerian has right and
deserved to live in peace in this country and security of every Nigerian should be a top priority to the government of
the day.

What Is Crime?

Crime in a simple language, is an act that is unlawful, and such unlawful act is punishable by a
government or an authority.

Besides, considering the word “crime”, there is universally accepted definition of the word, ‘crime’ by the
virtue of the modern criminal law, interestingly, what is called ‘statutory definitions’ of crime are there.

These were made possible because of certain reasons and purposes. What is widely accepted is that,
crime however, is made by law; put it another way, nothing is a crime until it is said so by the applicable
law, or sometimes, by relevant law.

Crime in the society is forbidden and it is punishable as well, by law, reason is because when once crime
is committed, or there is criminal offence, it is simply an act that is harmful to either an individual or some
individuals, it could be harmful to either community or society, even to a state.

Many have come to agree that, crime is a public wrong, and it could as well, be private wrong depending
on which angle you view it.
Globally acts such as murder,and rape and theft are crimes and such acts are prohibited, Nigeria is not
exempted. Therefore, what is called and known as criminal offence is dependent by criminal law of
individual nation.

What are the ways to prevent crimes in Nigeria? In this article, I am going to explain a good number of
them, here they are;

1. Work With Relevant Public Agencies

To prevent crimes in Nigeria, there is need to collaborate and work with relevant public agencies that
could assist in curbing crimes in the Nigerian society.

Such agencies could be neighborhood-based or it could be community-wide, but which ever way, they
should be on ground to help solve crimes problems in the society.

2. Engage Youths On Positive Ventures

It is said that, the idle individual is a devil workshop, going by this fact, it is therefore, important to have
youths engaged in positive and profitable ventures.

The youths within the neighborhood should have themselves in positive ventures, during their spare time,
such spare time should be invested in things such as, recreation /exercise and tutoring programs and
part-time work, and volunteer opportunities, etc.

3. Set Up Community Patrol

You should be security conscious. In your neighborhood you can organized what I called ‘ community
patrol’, to watch dog your neighborhood.

There is even what they called ‘neighborhood watch’, organize such group and have them work with
police. And take note, lighting your streets and homes, even your neighborhood is of advantage.

4. Enter Into Partnership With Police

There would be need to enter into partnership with the police, remember the slogan that says, police is
your friend, build partnership with them. Decides to be a crime preventer, focus on solving crime problems
within your neighborhood, rather than reacting to frivolous issues.

Encourage people living in your neighborhood to report any suspicious individuals, movements and/or
activities.

5. Keep Your Neighborhood Clean And Tidy

Endeavour to keep your neighborhood clean and tidy. Everyone in the neighborhood should participate in
this exercise, ensure that, every old and abandoned vehicles within the neighbourhood is cleared.

Old and uncompleted buildings, including run-down buildings should be kept clean and tidy Know where
every member of your neighborhood lives, disarmed criminals by ensuring that, every body lives an
opened life within your neighborhood.
6. Emphasize Crime Prevention

Emphasize crime prevention in your local neighborhood, make sure that schools, and the law
enforcement agencies, and the public health agencies, and libraries, even other workplaces, including
religious institutions, plus that of child protective agencies, and others such agencies within your
neighborhood are working assiduously to ensure that, crimes are prevented, they should not necessarily
react to crime or, violence.

What is expected of them is the kind of policies they have put in place to ensure that, crime, if not
prevented, should be reduced to its bearest minimum. Something should be done to prevent weapons-
related violence. It is time, they help the Nigerian society.

7. Discourage Illegal Activities Through Recreational Activities

The youths can be discouraged from crime or illegal activities through provision of recreational facilities at
a park. The youths can be organized and asked to help work at the already existing park, by cleaning it,
as well as, repairing the parks, by so doing the youths would be discouraged from indulging in illegal
activities, but rather make some good time at the park with other colleagues.

They can be encouraged as well, to report every illegal or suspicious activities, and illegal movement to
the nearby police. A well furnished play facilities and some organized recreation activities can attract the
people both young and old back to the recreational center or parks in their large numbers hence,
discourage illegal activities.

That is citizens, who are tax payer should ask their local government to established parks within their
neighborhood, those damaged or vandalized parks should be repaired and make ready for use, and I
think, with such development, the youths can be discouraged from crime, and crimes prevented.

8. Organize Anger Management Training For Employees

This kind of training for employees is important and necessary, reason is obvious, when provision is made
for anger management, and stress relief, as well as, conflict resolution training, such training will definitely
help employees to build a sort ofanti-violence atmosphere at their individual homes, even in the schools
and to a large extent, in the community.

Apart from that, as an employer, you will discover that, you will make your working place a more
conducive, more productive and violence-free and crime-free working environment.

Conclusion

Crime in the society is forbidden and it is punishable as well, by law, reason is because when once crime
is committed, or there is criminal offence, it is simply an act that is harmful to either an individual or some
individuals, it could be harmful to either community or society, even to a state. Many have come to agree
that, crime is a public wrong, and it could as well, be private wrong depending on which angle you view it.

Benefits of Community Policing in Nigeria

The following are the benefits of community policing in Nigeria:

1. Community policing provides an expanded outlook on crime control and prevention. The community
and the police working together would proffer solutions to incessant crimes and insecurity in the
community.
2. Community Policing helps police work more efficiently and effectively in curbing the outbreak of crime
in a community.

3. Community policing ensures that the quality of the lives of everyone in a community is improved.

4. It creates a sense of trust amongst community members, thereby eliminating fear in the community.

5. It results in a positive change in how a community views the police as the efforts of the police in
tackling crime would be more appreciated.

6. It brings peace and order to a distressed community.

7. Community policing makes community members active participants in the process of solving
community security challenges.

8. It helps to build a better relationship between the police and the community.

9. It promotes public safety and high maintenance of order in a community.

10. It establishes familiarity and greater transparency between the police and members of the public.

11. Community policing engenders partnership, engagement, accountability, accessibility, transparency

and improves the visibility of police officers.

Challenges of Community policing in Nigeria

The following are challenges associated with community police job in Nigeria:

1. Lack of political will and resistance to change

The traditional policing method is still much in progress in Nigeria, which has brought little or no result
over the years and since that is the police mode of operation for a long time, the idea of adapting to the
concept of community policing proves difficult for them.

This is one problem faced by community policing in Nigeria as many stakeholders and police officers still
revert to the old ways of policing without going for the much needed change to ensure lives and property
are well secured.

2. Fear

In Nigeria, the police have created a bad image for themselves as they are seen to violate human rights
instead of protecting lives and property. They use all forms of brutality on helpless citizens just for their
selfish gain.

Many Nigerians have developed unnecessary fear for the police and the concept of working with the
police seems a major turn off for them. Community policing cannot be successful when there is a lack of
trust or extreme fear by the members of a community.

3. Inadequate Remuneration

Another challenge faced by community policing in Nigeria is inadequate remuneration received by police
officers. When police officers are not well paid they tend to feel more reluctant in working.
4. Corruption

This is a major issue as it impacts directly on police ability to prevent and control crime as well as criminal
investigation. Corrupt police officers work hand in hand with criminals which makes it hard for community
policing to thrive.

Conclusion

Community policing is an effective approach to combating crime and tackling insecurity in the country. For
community policing to thrive in Nigeria, the challenges involved should be addressed so as to have a safe
and peaceful society.

ROLE OF POLICE IN CURBING CRIME

The aim of the Nigeria police is to enhance the quality of life in Nigeria by working in partnership with
community,

In accordance with the constitution, it has right to enforce laws ,preserve peace,reduce fear and provide
for a safe environment.

The role of police in National security;;

 It protects lives and properties

 it assists in detecting and apprehending suspected criminals
 it helps in maintaining laws and order in the society
 it assists in setting minor disputes that could lead to breakdown of law and order
 It fights crime both by preventing it and aggressively pursuing violators of laws.
 It investigates criminal cases and prosecutes suspected criminal in court,

WEEK: 4 DAY: SUBJECT:

DATE: TOPIC:
SUBTOPIC: PERIODS: DURATIONS:
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students should be able to
1. Meaning of Promoting National security
2. Analyse ways to promote national security
3. Explain the ways

KEY VOCABULARY WORDS:

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Wall charts, Pictures, Related Online Video, Flash Cards

CONTENT: PROMOTING NATIONAL SECURITY

That is, national security is often understood as the capacity of a nation to mobilise military forces to
guarantee its borders and to deter or successfully defend against physical threats including military
aggression and attacks by non-state actors, such as terrorism.
WAYS TO PROMOTE NATIONAL SECURITY

1. Human Security

Human security is a holistic concept that encompasses human rights, good governance, access to
education and healthcare and ensures that each individual has opportunities and choices to fulfill his or
her own potential. Integrating a human security approach in the National Security Strategy can help
identify and address cross-cutting challenges and prevent them from spiralling into conflict.

Options to enhance the focus on Human Security in the National Security Strategy or Policy, include:

 Consider the root causes of citizen’s insecurity as part of the strategies to achieve the NSS/NSP goals;
 Promote multi-stakeholder partnerships by involving human rights organizations, and civil society in general,
in the definition and implementation of the National Security Strategy through wide public consultations and
submissions from groups that are representative of different sectors of society;
 Mainstream gender equality in the peace and security agenda of the country by adopting an inclusive
approach;
 Consider education and the role of the youth, as actors of both the security sector and of its oversight and
accountability mechanisms

2. Oversight and accountability

Democratic oversight of the security sector is widely recognised as an international norm (emphasised in
documents from the UN amongst others). It involves establishing robust checks and balances and
upholding the principles of accountability and transparency, as well as ensuring security providers are
operating effectively and adequately, and in accordance with the legal and policy framework. A strong
focus on oversight and accountability contributes strongly to the legitimacy and ownership of an NSS,
encourages a more efficient use of resources, and strengthens the integrity of institutions.

Options to enhance the focus on oversight and accountability in the National Security Strategy, include:

 Outlining specific roles for civil society and other non-state accountability mechanisms to allow them to
contribute effectively to the oversight and accountability of the security sector, protecting them from undue
influences and threats;
 Incorporating and emphasising the roles of Parliament and independent state oversight institutions,
including measure to protect them from undue political influence and allocating them the necessary financial
and human resources.

3. Human Rights

Human rights are central to safety and security at a national, community and individual level. A strong
human rights approach also provides a framework to build partnerships with communities and develop
their resilience to help address security issues. Options to enhance the focus on human rights include: 1)
explicit references in NSS/NSPs in order to reinforce the commitment to human rights seen in overarching
documents, such as the Constitution, and maintain a human rights focus throughout implementation; 2)
commitments to the elimination human rights violations within security sector institutions or in the
provision of security and justice services; and 3) highlighting national mechanisms that will uphold civil
rights and international human rights norms.

4. Justice

The justice system is a critical link in the criminal justice chain, and therefore directly contributes to
strengthening public order and safety. However, its contribution goes beyond this. The justice system
contributes to maintaining a peaceful internal environment through its role as a mechanism for diffusing
and managing conflict.
 5. Gender

Making sure that a specific focus on gender is practiced ensures that the needs of all groups of the
population are taken into account (both implicitly and explicitly). Specific reference to gender also helps to
meet the requirements for UN Security Council Resolution 1325, namely the equal participation and full
involvement of women in the maintenance and promotion of peace and security. Options to enhance the
focus on gender include: 1) recognising the different security needs of men, women, girls and boys; 2)
emphasising the equal right of women and men to participate in security sector institutions; and 3)
recognition of gender based violence as an internal threat to security.

6. Monitoring

Setting a robust monitoring system for the NSS/NSP is a crucial step in successful implementation, as
well as ensuring that the strategy and its implementation plan remain relevant to evolving circumstances.
Options to enhance the focus on monitoring include: 1) underlying the need for monitoring within the
NSS/NSP as well as providing an overview of the mechanisms or combination of actors who will
contribute to this (however, in depth monitoring plans are often captured in subordinate documents); 2)
highlight the requirement for periodic reviews of the NSS/NSP; 3) emphasise the role of parliament, in
particular with regard to budgetary issues; and 4) establish a formal monitoring role for civil society.

7. Coordination

Safety and security are achieved as a result of many different agencies, institutions and actors working
together. Poor coordination, or a failure to consider all elements contributing to national security
(especially those lying outside of the traditional security providers), can lead to ineffectiveness,
inefficiency, as well as increasing insecurity. Options to enhance the focus on coordination include: 1)
detailing specific national security coordination mechanisms, including lead agencies for different
elements of the strategy; 2) highlighting the need for all agencies (especially those not traditionally
associated with security) to incorporate implementation of the NSS/NSP into their sectoral plans; and 3)
making reference to coordinated budgeting.

8. Communications

Developing NSS/NSPs can be an intense process, particularly if adhering to the good practice of including
a wide range of public and state institution consultations. Taking such an approach helps ensure that the
resulting document is responsive to the various needs and concerns. However, it may also raise
expectations for rapid change and engender disappointment when no immediate results are seen.
Communications will provide feedback to those consulted on how their views were taken into account, as
well as clarifying the timelines and procedures for the next steps. Communications will also maintain the
momentum achieved by the development process in order to build the sense that everyone involved in its
formulation is also a part of its implementation. Options to enhance the focus on communications include:
1) committing to developing a specific communications strategy without discrimination to accompany the
NSS/NSP; 2) emphasising the role of civil society and the media in raising awareness of the State’s
various commitments to security, and helping to communicate to citizens the accountability mechanisms
contained in the NSS/NSP; and 3) stressing the importance of internal communication within the security
providers to ensure they understand their new respective roles and the changes needed to meet them.

Measures taken to ensure national security include:

 Using diplomacy to rally allies and isolate threats.

 Marshalling economic power to facilitate or compel cooperation.
 Maintaining effective armed forces.
  Implementing civil defense and emergency preparedness measures (including anti-terrorism
legislation)

WHAT IS NIGERIA'S NATIONAL SECURITY?

The National Security Organization (NSO) of Nigeria, or Nigerian Security Organization, was created
under Decree number 27 of 1976 by the military regime of Gen. Olusegun Obasanjo, after the failed
Dimka coup which claimed the life of former Head of State Gen. Murtala Mohammed.
In line with its mandate of instilling positive attitudes, values and behaviour among citizens, as well as
promoting peaceful co-existence, violence and crime free society, the National Orientation Agency today
in Abuja, organized a One-Day National Security Sensitization against Political Thuggery, kidnapping,
Drug Addiction and Violent Extremism.

Director – General NOA, Garba Abari, in his remarks, emphasized that the 2023 General Elections was
drawing closer, and as a result, there was no better time to commence security sensitization towards a
successful and credible elections which requires a peaceful environment. He added that it was in line with
this realization that the Agency put together this summit to also highlight the dangers of drug & substance
abuse/ drug addiction and its attendant effects on various societal vices.
The programme was well attended by top government functionaries and members of the public, among
which were; representatives of Service Chiefs, Traditional Rulers, NYSC, Students, Deaf Women
Association of Nigeria, Civil Society Organisations, NOA Management Staff and members of the press.
The summit is designed to educate, sensitize, mobilize and engage participants and critical stakeholders
to galvanize support in Federal government’s effort in engendering peace, security and socio-economic
stability in the country. The three papers presented at the summit highlighted strategies to combating
radicalization, violent extremism, and youth restiveness; understanding the link between drug abuse and
social vices; and impact on vandalism national development: the way forward.

WEEK: 5 REVISIONS

WEEK: 7 UNIFIED TEST MID-TERM BREAK OPEN DAY

WEEK: 8 – 12 FINAL EXAMINATIONS