GEOGRAPHY

PAPER 2

GRADE 12

JUNE 2024

MARKS: 150

TIME: 3 HOURS

This question paper consists of 13 pages.

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 2

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer ALL the questions.

2. Answer the paragraph questions in the form of a paragraph.

3. ALL diagrams are included in the QUESTION PAPER

4. Number ALL your answers in the CENTRE of the line.

5. Leave a line between subsections of questions answered.

6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.

7. Do NOT write in the margins of your ANSWER BOOK.

8. Where possible, illustrate your answers with labelled diagrams.

9. Write clearly and legibly.

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 3

QUESTION 1

1.1 Patterns and Functions

Refer to the patterns of rural settlements (X and Y) to answer QUESTIONS 1.1.1 to

1.1.8
Write only the correct word or phrase or symbol next to the correct question number
e.g. 1.1.9 crime

1.1.1 The social advantage of settlement X is a (safety and security/ making

more profit.) (1x1) (1)

1.1.2 Settlement pattern Y is classified as a dispersed settlement due to the

(distance away from the market/farmsteads being far apart). (1x1) (1)

1.1.3 An economic advantage of settlement Y is a (greater privacy/the

potential for large profits). (1x1) (1)

1.1.4 Farmers share ideas regarding activities e.g. farming methods in settlement
(X/Y) (1x1) (1)

1.1.5 Settlement pattern X Farming plots are generally (small/large) therefore

machinery is limited. (1x1) (1)

1.1.6 Settlement pattern (X/Y) people are not immediately available in case of
emergencies. (1x1) (1)

1.1.7 When classifying settlement in terms of size, settlement X/Y it is a village. (1x1) (1)

1.1.8 Settlement X and Y only concern with one primary function (multifunctional/
mono-functional). (1x1) (1)
(8)

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 4

1.2 Match a figure from COLUMN B with the concept in COLUMN A. Write only A-H
next to question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.7) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example
1.2.8 D.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 Crossroad settlement A

1.2.2 A dry point settlement B

S N
1.2.3 Stellar settlement C
pattern

1.2.4 Fragmented plots of D

land

1.2.5 A defensive site E

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 5

1.2.6 A wet point settlement F

1.2.7 A settlement in the G

Southern Hemisphere.

http://www.geog.biz/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/WW-settlement-Year-10.pdf]
(7x1) (7)

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 6

1.3 Refer to the sketch below on Rural- Urban migration

job opportunities

Quality education
Housing

Poor housing Remote location

https://bl-i.thgim.com/public/migration_catalog/article17972649

1.3.1 Define the term rural-urban migration. (1x2) (2)

1.3.2 Identify one push factor that is visible in the cartoon. (1x1) (1)

1.3.3 How does rural-urban migration give rise to rural depopulation? (1x2) (2)

1.3.4 Predict the social impact of rural urban migration on the urban areas. (2x2) (4)

1.3.5 Suggest THREE sustainable strategies that could create more

employment opportunities in rural areas. (3x2) (6)

[15]

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 7

1.4 Refer to the extract below on water as a social justice issue in rural areas.

1.4.1 How many hours were saved per week fetching water after MUS
was introduced? (1x1) (1)

1.4.2 Identify TWO pieces of evidence from the extract that community
members faced problems before MUS was introduced. (2x1) (2)

1.4.3 Give TWO reasons for the poor water infrastructure often found in
South African rural areas. (2x2) (4)

1.4.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, explain how access

to reliable water in rural communities will reduce poverty. (4x2) (8)
[15]

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 8

1.5 Refer to the article below about land reform.

1.5.1 What is the aim of land reform? (1x1) (1)

1.5.2 Quote information from the article that prove the statement that
land reform has been a failure/ remains unresolved to be correct. (1x2) (2)

1.5.3 Explain why the land reform projects fail, or even the target set for
land reform not reached? (2x2) (4)

1.5.4 Briefly discuss TWO factors that explain why land reform in South
Africa is necessary. (2x2) (4)

1.5.5 Discuss methods that the government can put in place to provide
support to the people resettled on the land once land reform has
taken place. (2x2) (4)
[15]

TOTAL 60

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 9

QUESTION 2

2.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the
answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (2.1.1 to 2.1.8) in the
ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 2.1.9 D.

2.1.1 The process where people move from urban areas to rural areas is known as …

A urbanisation
B counter-urbanisation
C rural urban migration
D seasonal migration

2.1.2 The pace (speed) at which urbanisation occurs is known as …

A rate of urbanisation
B level of urbanisation
C natural increase
D urban growth

2.1.3 The formless expansion of urban areas is referred to as …

A urban expansion
B urban sprawl
C natural growth
D industialisation

2.1.4 The process where the percentage of the population living in the urban
areas increases is known as …

A rural depopulation
B urban growth
C rural-urban migration
D urbanisation

2.1.5 The increase in the number of people in urban areas is known as …

level of urbanisation
urban expansion
urban growth
birth rate

2.1.6 An urban settlement with one dominant function is called a … town

A specialised
B junction town
C junction
D break-in-bulk point

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 10

2.1.7 The situation of a settlement is …

A the site on which the settlement is located.

B the exact land on which the settlement is located.
C its location in relation to human and physical features.
D the amount of money the settlement generates.

2.1.8 Trade and transport towns are towns that developed as a result of … , they
develop at point where …

i important transport intersections

ii trade and transport
iii transport routes meet
iv goods transfer from ship to truck

A (i) and (iv)

B (ii) and (iv)
C (i) and (iii)
D (ii) and (iii)
(8x1) (8)

2.2 Match a term/concept from COLUMN B with a statement in COLUMN A. Write only X or Y
next to question numbers (2.2.1 to 2.2.7) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 2.2.8 Y.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
2.2.1 The ranking of urban settlements based on the X urban hierarchy
number of functions Y urban sprawl
2.2.2 More specialised goods will be found in a … X smaller
city Y larger
2.2.3 The maximum distance a consumer is willing to X range of goods
travel to purchase goods and services Y sphere of influence
2.2.4 Have a large range and a large threshold X low-order centres
population Y high-order centres
2.2.5 An urban area providing goods and services to X central city
the surrounding rural population Y central place
2.2.6 Threshold population is the … number of X maximum
customers a business needs to be profitable Y minimum
2.2.7 Area from where urban settlements draw their X sphere of influence
customers Y high-order centre
(7x1) (7)

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 11

2.3 Refer to the infographic below to answer the following questions.

2.3.1 Define the concept commercial decentralisation. (1x2) (2)

2.3.2 Identify the land-use zone indicated at A in the infographic and

Quote from the infographic the importance of the land-use zone
identified. (2x1) (2)

2.3.3 State ONE characteristic of the land-use zone A that is evident in

the infographic. (1x1) (1)

2.3.4 Explain ONE factor that leads to increasing commercial

decentralisation? (1x2) (2)

2.3.5 Explain why neighborhood shopping centres are an attractive option

for the location of businesses. (2x2) (4)

2.3.6 How can the increase in the number of neighborhood shopping

centres have a negative impact on businesses in the CBD? (2x2) (4)
(15)

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 12

2.4 Refer to the article below about environmental injustice to answer the following questions.

2.4.1 What is an environmental injustice? (1x2) (2)

2.4.2 Name the environmental injustice caused by the coal- powered

power station. (1x1) (1)

2.4.3 Why are the poor mainly affected by the environmental injustice
named in QUESTION 2.4.2? (1x2) (2)

2.4.4 Discuss TWO negative effects of the environmental injustice

mentioned in QUESTION 2.4.2 on the community. (2x2) (4)

2.4.5 Suggest THREE measures that can be put in place to protect this
community from the environmental injustice named in QUESTION
2.4.2 (3x2) (6)
(15)

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GR 12 JUNE 2024 13

2.5 Refer to the article below about informal settlement to answer the following questions.
The shifting landscape of South Africa’s informal settlements
By Lyse Comins

South Africa’s tough economic conditions have made living in

overcrowded informal settlements and urban apartments the only viable
option for many struggling households, and despite the government
making inroads in the provision of formal housing, these homes appear
to be a permanent feature of our country.

In KwaZulu-Natal, the province that houses the metro with the biggest
number of informal settlements, human settlements spokesperson
Mbulelo Baloyi says a total of 687 715 government housing units had
been built since 1994.

“But, at the last provincial count, there were still 937 informal
settlements with about 730 (77.9%) located in eThekwini metro.
“There are almost 400 000 households living in informal settlements
across the province and the population number in these dwellings is
between 700 000 and a million,” Baloyi says.
“We understand that informal settlements are the direct result of the
increasing rate of urbanisation and we are responding in a systematic
way as it is a national priority.”
https://mg.co.za/news/2023-10-30-the-shifting-landscape-of-SA-informal-settlements/
2.5.1 What building structures can you identify on the picture that shows
this is an informal settlement? (1x1) (1)

2.5.2 Quote evidence from the article to prove that many people in
Kwazulu-Natal (eThekwini metro) are currently staying in informal
settlements. (1x2) (2)

2.5.3 Explain TWO possible reasons why so many people are currently
staying in informal settlements around eThekwini metro. (2x2) (4)

2.5.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, explain how steep

slope impact the informal structures when there is heavy rainfall?
and suggest sustainable strategies that the local municipality could
implement to improve the conditions of the people living in informal
settlements. (4x2) (8)
(15)
(60)

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