1/1/2025 DESIGN

CRITERIA
Residential building– Riyadh, KSA

Rev.00
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER CONSULTANT-SEC
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Table of contents

item page no.

Project description 3

Design codes of practice and design standards to be adopted 3

Loads on structure to be adopted in the design 4

Load combinations for design 8

Serviceability limit state 9

Methods for analysis and design – software 9

Reinforced concrete elements design 10

Gravity and lateral load resisting system 11

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1-- Project
j description:
p
1.1 Project is residential building located in Riyadh, KSA. Consists of ground, first, roof and
upper roof.
3

2-- Design
esig
gn codes of practice
practice and design
desig
gn standards to be adopted:
adop
pted:
2.1 codes of practice and design standards
All structural design work for the structures to be provided in reinforced concrete, and
in steel building will be carried out in accordance with the latest issue of the following:

ACI 318-14 building code requirements for structural concrete.

SBC 304-cr-18 Saudi concrete structures code.

ASCE 7-10 minimum design loads of buildings and other structures.

SBC 301-cr-18 Saudi loading code.

SBC 303-cr-18 Saudi soils & foundation code.

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3-- loads
oads o
o on structure
s uc u e to
o be adopted
adop ed in the
e design:
des g :
3.1 material dead loads
item density (kn/m3)
concrete 24.0
steelwork 78.5
soil 18.0
water 10.0
glass 25.0
stainless steel 80.0
aluminum 26.5
hollow block work 16.0
solid block work 20.0
light weight blocks 8.0

3.2 minimum imposed loads

The below load assumptions do not include self-weight of the structure.
3.2.1 super imposed dead loads:
item loads
partition load to be calculated per actual condition
floor finishing 200 kg/m2
ceiling, ducts, etc. 50 kg/m2
roof layers 300 kg/m2
3.2.2 live loads (imposed loads)
Live loads to be taken into consideration in the design are listed below:
item loads
bedrooms, dressing 200 kg/m2
toilets, kitchens, laundries, massage, spa rooms 200 kg/m2
entrance, lobbies, atrium, corridors, main stairs 200 kg/m2
c
main living & dining rooms, salon, lounge 500 kg/m2
roof (inaccessible) 100 kg/m2

3.2.3 wind loads

Wind load will be considered according to SBC 301-CR-18 as per the following
parameters.

item value
basic wind speed 51 m/sec.
exposure type exposure c
risk category ii
topographic factor (kzt) 1.0
directionality factor (kd) 0.85
importance factor (i) 1.0

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3.2.4 seismic loads

Seismic load will be considered according to sbc 301-cr-18 as the following parameters.
And soil report recommendations.

item value
Ss 5
S1 1
TL 4
risk category ii
seismic design category a
site class c

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3.2.1 Temperature load:

The temperature load will not be considered.

4-- load cases for design

4.1 abbreviations used for different load cases
The abbreviations to be used different load cases will be as follows:

• D for dead load (including the self-weight of the structure).

• L for live load.
• Lr for roof live load.
• T for self-straining force (temperature & shrinkage).
• W for wind load.
• Wx for wind load in the x direction.
• Wy for wind load in the y direction.
• E for seismic load.
• Ex for seismic load in the x direction.
• Ey for seismic load in the y direction.
• R for rain load.
• H for lateral earth load.
• F for fluids load.

4.2 basic load combinations

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As per the international building code, the basic load combinations will be as follow:

4.2.1 where load and resistance factor design is used, the following basic load
combinations will apply: the mentioned equation as per section 2.3 of SBC
301-cr-18

u = 1.4 d (equation 1)

u = 1.4 d + 1.7 l + 0.5 (lr or r) (equation 2)

u = 1.2 d + 1.6 (lr or r) + (1.0 l or 0.5 w) (equation 3)

u = 1.2 d + 1.0 w + 1.0 l + 0.5 (lr or r) (equation 4)

u = 1.2 d + 1.0 e + 1.0 l (equation 5)

u = 0.9 d + 1.0 w (equation 6)

u = 0.9 d + 1.0 e (equation 7)

u = 1.2 d + 1.2 t + 0.5 l (equation 8)

u = 1.2 d + 1.6 l + 1.0 t (equation 9)

4.2.2 where allowable stress design is used, the following basic load
combinations will apply: the mentioned equation as per section 2.4 of SBC
301-cr-18

D (equation 1)

D+L (equation 2)

D + (Lr or r) (equation 3)

D + 0.75 L+ 0.75 (Lr or r) (equation 4)

D + (0.6 W or 0.7 E) (equation 5)

d + 0.75 l + 0.75 (0.6 w) + 0.75 (lr or r) (equation 6-a)

D + 0.75 l + 0.75 (0.70 E) (equation 6-b)

0.6 D + 0.60 W (equation 7)

0.6 D + 0.7 E (equation 8)

Load combinations with over strength factor will be considered for transfer
beams/walls and its supporting elements if applicable.
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5-- sserv
serviceability
erv
viceability limit state

5.1 stability factors:

The minimum factor of safety of foundation as given below will be considered in
Design as per ACI350.4r.

condition factor of safety

minimum factor of safety for overturning & sliding 1.50
minimum safety factor against uplift due to ground water pressure 1.25

5.2 crack limits:

The crack width will be checked for all water retaining structures with a limit of 0.1mm
As per table 4.1 of ACI 224r-01.

5.3 Deflection parameters and limits.

The following allowable vertical deflection limit in line with ACI 318-14 table 24.2.2
Will be considered:

deflection
member condition deflection to be considered
limit

not supported or attached to immediate deflection due to

flat roofs span/180
nonstructural elements likely to roof live load
be damaged by large immediate deflection due to
floors deflections span/360
floor live load
likely to be that part of total deflection
damaged by occurring after attachment of
span/480
supporting or large nonstructural elements, which
attached to deflections is the sum of the time
roofs or floors
nonstructural not likely to be dependent deflection due to
elements damaged by all sustained loads and the
span/240
large immediate deflection due to
deflections live load

6-- Methods
ethods for analysis and design –software

6.1 The analysis and checking will be carried out using commercial software. The structure
shall be idealized in 3d space based on a clear assumption on how the structure shall
withstand different kind of loads.

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Software to be used:
• Etabs v21 or equivalent for 3d frame analysis and reinforced concrete.
• Safe v21 or equivalent for foundation analysis by finite element method.
• Sap v 24 for general structural analysis.
• In-house excel design spread sheets.
The following flexural stiffness reduction factors due to concrete cracking, were
Assumed as follow:
· 0.70 for columns & walls
· 0.35 For beams.
· 0.25 For slabs.
· torsional stiffness modification factor of all beams considered in the
Analysis is 0.01

7-- rreinforced concrete elements design

7.1 material
7.1.1 concrete
Design of the reinforced concrete elements will be carried out in accordance with
ACI318-14.

Concrete shall be proportioned and mixed to provide the specified compressive

strength on cylinders at 28 days as follow:

structural element fc’ unit

for blinding concrete (to be confirmed after we receive soil report) 25 MPa
for screed protection 25 MPa
for slab on grade 25 MPa
concrete for foundation 30 MPa
concrete for beams, slabs, ramps, & stairs 30 MPa
concrete for columns and internal core/shear walls& retaining walls 35 MPa

7.1.2 steel reinforcement

Reinforcement steel bars deformed and plain billet-steel bars conforming to

ASTM A615 with the minimum yield strength as follows:

High tensile steel fy = 415 MPa

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7.2 Durability of concrete elements

7.2.1 concrete cover
The minimum cover to reinforcement will be considered based on the durability and
1 hr. fire resistance criteria. The minimum concrete cover for cast-in-place and precast
Concrete will be as follows in line with ACI 318-14 table (20.5.1.3.2)

specified
concrete exposure member
cover, mm
cast against and
all 75
permanently with ground
exposed to weather or in
all 40
contact with ground
slabs, joists, and walls 20
not exposed to weather
beams, columns,
or in contact with ground 40
pedestals, and tension ties

8-- g
gravity and lateral load resisting system
8.1 gravity system

The gravity load resisting system consist of cast-in reinforced concrete columns and shear/
Core walls. These elements transfer the vertical loads to the foundation.

8.2 lateral system

8 The lateral load resisting system is ordinary reinforced concrete moment frames. the
9 Lateral load resisting system was selected based on the hidden beams & ribbed slab
system of the floors.

The lateral load resisting system shall ensure the building stability, deflection and
Movement limits, serviceability, and human comfort.

The lateral load resisting system parameters according to SBC 301-CR-18 table 12-1

item value
seismic lateral system ordinary reinforced concrete moment frames
response modification factor (r) 2.5
over-strength factor (Ω) 3.0
deflection amplification factor (cd) 2.5

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9-- 3D modeling
ode g & analysis
a a ys s results
esu s

-Material definition.

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-Concrete dimensions.

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-applied loads.

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· Analysis & design.

o Columns PMM-ratios.

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Check column buckling Dns for column at axis 12&E

Combination gave Dns >1.4 combination udcons2

According to aci318-14 we will use 6.6.4.4.4-c to calculate (EI) eff

Straining action from Etabs

Pu=1311 KN m1=0.0589 m2=-.869
Calculate exist I
From aci318-14 table 6.6.3.1.1 b

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Po =0.85x35(200x800-3216) +415x3216 =6000 KN

!"#$ %.($)*$ #!##
I= 0.8 + 25 & 1 − #!##*!∗"%% − 0.5 $%%%& -/=1.155 ig
#$%%%%
I=0.875 Ig =466.67e6
EI=27805x466.67e6=1.297e13
9:7;7 895
3467 = = = .854
9: 1048
#.")?*#!
EIeff= = 6.996C12
#.(@A
F " G6.996C12
DE = = 5043663.432
3700"
CM=0.6-.4X.0589/.869 =0.572
. 572
J67 = = 0.875 < 1.40 MNOC
1311C3
1−
0.75G5043663.432

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o Dropped beams longitudinal & shear R.F.T.

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o Hidden beams longitudinal r.f.t.

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