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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

1. In history of biology, human genome project led to the development

of [2011 Mains]

A. Bioinformatics

B. Biosystematics

C. Biotechnology

D. Biomonitoring

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

2. The unequivocal proof of DNA as the genetic material came from the
studies on a: (2011 Mains)

A. Viroid

B. Bacterial virus

C. Bacterium

D. Fungus

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

3. Select the correct statement from A-D about lac operon: (2010 Pre)
A Glucose or galactose may bind with repressor and inactivate it.
B. In the absence of lactose, the repressor binds with operator region.
C. Z-gene codes for permease.
D. This was elucidated by Jacob and Monod.
a. A & C

b. B & D

c. A & B

d. B & C
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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

4. Mutations used in agriculture are commonly: (1988)

A. Induced

B. Spontaneous

C. Lethal

D. Recessive and lethal

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

5. Genetic code consists of: [1988]

A. Adenine and Guanine

B. Cytosine and Uracil

C. Cytosine and Guanine

D. All the above

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

6. In double helix of DNA, the two DNA strands are: (1988)

a Coiled around a common axis

b. Coiled around each other

c. Coiled differently

d. Coiled over protein sheath

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

7. In a nucleotide, phosphate group is linked to _P_ of nucleotide

through the _Q_ linkage.
P Q
a. 5’-OH N-glycoside
b. 3’-OH N-glycoside
c. 5’-OH Phosphodiester
d. 3’-OH Phosphodiester

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

8. Which was the last human chromosome to be completely

sequenced?

a. Chromosome 1

b. Chromosome 11

c. Chromosome 21

d. Chromosome-X

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

9. Assertion: The sugar phosphate backbone of two chains in DNA

double helix show anti-parallel polarity.
Reason: The phosphodiester bonds in one strand go from a 3’ carbon of
one nucleotide to a 5′ carbon of adjacent nucleotide, whereas those in
complementary strand go vice versa.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct
explanation of assertion
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

10. Assertion: In Griffith’s experiment, a mixture of heat- killed virulent

bacteria R and live non-virulent bacteria S, lead to the death of mice.
Reason: ‘Transforming principle’ got transferred from heat-killed R strain
to S strain and made it virulent.
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct
explanation of assertion
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

11. Assertion: S Strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae produces smooth

shiny colonies.
Reason: S strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae can synthesize mucous
polysaccharide coat.

(A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct
explanation of assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
(C)Assertion is true but reason is false.
(D)Both assertion and reason are false

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

12. Identify the CORRECT conclusion that can be drawn from Griffith’s
experiment.

(A) Heat killed R strain was able to cause transformation of S strain to

virulent R strain.
(B) Heat killed S strain was able to cause transformation of R strain to
virulent S Strain.
(C) A virulent R strain was not transformed to virulent S strain even after
mixing with heat killed S strain.
(D) Virulent S strain was not able to cause pneumonia in mice.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

13. DNA present in the nucleus, was named as ‘Nuclein’ by

(A) James Watson and Crick

(B) Friedrich Miescher

(C) Maurice Wilkins

(D) Rosalind Franklin

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

14. Which of the following process was responsible for converting R-

strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae to S-strain?

A. Transduction

B. Transfection

C. Transformation

D. Infection

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

15. Assertion(A): Mice infected with the S strain (virulent) die from
pneumonia infection but mice infected with R strain do not develop
pneumonia.
Reason(R): This is because the S strain bacteria have a mucous
(polysaccharide) coat, while R strain does not.
Which of the following is true?

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true, but R is false.
(D) A is false, but R is true.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

16. Read the given statements and select the correct option.

Statement I: Viruses having RNA genome and having shorter life span
mutate and evolve faster.
Statement II: RNA being unstable, mutate at faster rate.

(A) Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect.

(B) Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct.
(C) Both Statements I and II are correct.
(D) Both Statements I and II are incorrect

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

17. Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of DNA and

RNA?

(A) Both DNA and RNA are able to mutate.

(B) Both DNA and RNA can function as genetic material.

(C) Both DNA and RNA have ability to direct their duplication.

(D) Both DNA and RNA are highly reactive and unstable, therefore are
better genetic material.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

18. The first codon to be deciphered and the amino acid’ it codes for,
respectively, are a.

a. AUG, methionine

b. GGG, alanine

c. UUU, phenylalanine

d. TTT, arginine

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

19. E. coli cells, with a mutated z gene of the lac operon, cannot grow in
medium containing only lactose as the source of energy because

a. They cannot synthesize functional beta-galactosidase

b. They cannot transport lactose from the medium into the cell

c. The lac operon is constitutively active in these cells

d. In the presence of glucose, E. coli cells do not utilize lactose

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

20. Histone proteins are

(a) basic, negatively charged

(b) basic, positively charged

© acidic, positively charged

(d) acidic, negatively charged

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

21. What does the given diagram represent?

A. Nucleosome

B. Spliceosome

C. Histone complex

D. Both A & B

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

22. The given flow chart represents the flow of genetic information
between biomolecules. Identify the processes A, B, C and D and select
the correct option.

A B C D
a. Translation Transcription Replication Reverse Transcription

b. Replication Transcription Translation Reverse Transcription

c. Replication Transcription Reverse Transcription Translation

d. Replication Reverse Transcription Transcription Translation

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

23. In figure of Lac Operon and its functioning select correct options.

A B X Y Z

a. Repressor Inducer ẞ-Galactosidase Permease Transacetylase

b. Repressor Inducer Permease ẞ-Galactosidase Transacetylase

c. Inducer Repressor ẞ-Galactosidase Permease Transacetylase

d. Inducer Repressor ẞ-Galactosidase Transacetylase Permease

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

24. Assertion: Transcription and translation can be coupled in bacteria.

Reason: In bacteria, the mRNA does not require any processing to
become active.

(A) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct
explanation of assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct
explanation of assertion.
(C) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(D) Both assertion and reason are false.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

25. ___and___ flank the structural gene in a transcription unit

respectively.

(A) Promoter at 3’ end, terminator at 5’ end

(B) Promoter at 5’ end, terminator at 3’ end

(C) Origin of replication, terminator at 5’ end

(D) Terminator at 3’ end, origin of replication

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

26. Statement I: In bacteria single DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

catalyzes transcription of all types of RNA.
Statement II: In eukaryotic cell there are three polymerases in nucleus in
addition to RNA polymerase found in organelles.

(A)Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect.

(B) Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct.

(C) Both Statements I and II are correct:

(D) Both Statements I and II are incorrect.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

27. Incorrect statement is:

A. There are no tRNA for stop codons.

B. In tertiary structure, the tRNA looks like a clover-leaf.

C. tRNAs are specific for each amino acid.

D. Lactose is the substrate for enzyme permease

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

28. Consider the following statement w.r.t. human genome project and
select the correct choice.

A. Scientists have identified about 1.4 million locations where SNPs

occur.

B. The human genome contains 3164.7 billion nucleotide base.

C. The total number of genes is estimated at 3000.

D. More than 2 percent of the genome codes for proteins.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

29. DNA replication requires

A. DNA polymerase only

B. DNA ligase only

C. RNA polymerase and translocase

D. DNA polymerase and DNA ligase

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

30. In 1868 DNA was discovered by the Swedish biochemist

A. Feulgen

B. Luria

C. Mirsky

D. Friedrich Miescher

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

31. If a double stranded DNA has 20% of cytosine, what will be the
percentage of adenine in it?

A. 20%

B. 40%

C. 30%

D. 60%

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

32. Column I Column II

I. 5’ AUG 3’ A. Segment of DNA
II. RNA with introns & Exon B. Chromatin
III. Gene C. hnRNA
IV. Nucleosomes D. Initiation codon

a. I-D II-B III-A IV-C

b. I-B II-A III-D IV-B

c. I-D II-C III-A IV-B

d. I-B II-C III-A IV-D

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

33. Column I Column II

I. Genome of ∅ × 174 A. Ribozyme, Rnase

bacteriophage

II. Purine B. 5386 nucleotides

III. Catalytic RNA C. Adenine and Guanine

a. I-D II-B III-A IV-C
IV. Any chemical change in DNA D. Mutation
b. I-B II-A III-D IV-B

c. I-D II-C III-A IV-B

d. I-B II-C III-A IV-D

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

34. Column I Column II

I. Operator site A. Binding site for RNA
polymerase
II. Promoter site B. Binding site for repressor
molecule
III. Structural gene C. Codes for enzyme protein
a. I-D II-B III-A IV-C IV. Regulator gene D. Codes for repressor
molecules
b. I-B II-A III-D IV-D

c. I-D II-C III-A IV-B

d. I-B II-C III-A IV-D

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

35. Lactose operon produces enzymes

(a) ß-galactosidase, permease and glycogen synthetase.

(b) ß-galactosidase, permease and transacetylase.

(c) permease, glycogen synthetase and transacetylase.

(d) ß-galactosidase, permease and phosphoglucose isomerase

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

36. In Escherichia coli, lac operon is induced by

A. Lactose

B. Promoter gene

C. ẞ-galactosidase

D. I-gene

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

37. Operon is a

(a) Sequence of three nitrogen bases determining a single amino acid.

(b) set of closely placed genes regulating a metabolic pathway in

prokaryotes.

(c) segment of DNA specifying a polypeptide.

(d) gene responsible for switching on and switching off other genes.

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

38. Chargaff’s rules are applicable to

(a) single stranded RNA.

(b) single stranded DNA and RNA.

© single stranded DNA.

(d) double stranded DNA

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

39. Histones are rich in

A. Alanine and glycine

B. Iysine and arginine

C. Histidine and serine

D. Cysteine and tyrosine

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

40. Nucleotides are linked by

A. Hydrogen bonds

B. Phosphodiester bonds

C. Peptic bonds

D. Ionic bonds

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

41. Which one of the following pair is a purine pair?

A. Uracil, Guanine

B. Cytosine, Thymine

C. Adenine, Guanine

D. Adenine, Thyime

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

42. Statement I: Lactose, if provided in the growth medium of E. coli, will

be transported into the cells through the action of permease.
Statement II: In the presence of lactose, the repressor is inactivated by its
interaction.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

B. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
C. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
D. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

43. Statement I: DNA fingerprinting is very well known for its application
in paternity testing in case of disputes.
Statement II: It employs the principle of DNA polymorphism.

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

B. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
C. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
D. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

44. DNA profiling has been used to

A. Determine the identity of murder victims

B. Establish paternity

C. Identify victims of terrorism

D. All of these

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

45. Which of the following has the longest DNA sequences?

A. VNTRs

B. STRs

C. SNPs

D. Thymine dimers

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

46. The full form of ELSI is-

A. Embedded Low Software Index

B. Ear Lung Spleen Immunity

C. Ethical Legal and Social Issue

D. Endonuclease Ligase Surface Immunity

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

47. Which of the following criteria must be fulfilled by a genetic material.

(a) Replication and Mutation

(b) Stability

(c) Express itself in the form of Mendelian Characters

(d) All of the above

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

48. Replication is continuous in

A. The leading strand

B. The lagging strand

C. The strand where okazaki fragments are present

D. Both the strands

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

49. Transcription refers to the

A. Transfer of genetic code or sequence of DNA into RNA

B. Formation of DNA from RNA

C. Formation of protein

D. Polymerisation of RNA in cell free system

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology

50. Generally only one strand of DNA is transcribed. This strand is called

A. “A”strand

B. “B” strand

C. Sense strand

D. Template strand

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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology
Answers
1)A 13)B 29)D
14)C 30)D
2)B
15)A 31)C
3)B 16)C 32)C
4)A 17)D 33)D
18)A 34)B
5)D
19)A 35)B
6)D 20)B 36)A
7)C 21)A 37)B
8)A 22)C 38)D
23)A 39)B
9)A
24)A 40)B
10)D 25)B 41)C
11)A 26)C 42)D
27)D 43)D
12)B
28)A 44)D
45)A
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Molecular Basis of Inheritance MCQs. NEET Biology
Answers
46)C
47)D
48)A
49)A
50)D

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