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The document defines air masses as large bodies of air with uniform temperature and humidity, formed over stable source regions like oceans or continents. It explains warm and cold fronts, their symbols on weather maps, and the weather conditions associated with their passage. Additionally, it discusses frontal depressions, their life cycle, and structure, highlighting the processes of frontogenesis and frontolysis.

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3 views

2assignment

The document defines air masses as large bodies of air with uniform temperature and humidity, formed over stable source regions like oceans or continents. It explains warm and cold fronts, their symbols on weather maps, and the weather conditions associated with their passage. Additionally, it discusses frontal depressions, their life cycle, and structure, highlighting the processes of frontogenesis and frontolysis.

Uploaded by

megh11tej
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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a) Air Mass: Definition, Formation, and Source Region


Air Mass: A large body of air (spanning thousands of kilometers) with uniform temperature
and humidity characteristics at a given altitude.
Formation:
• Develops over source regions (extensive, uniform surfaces like oceans or
continents) under stable, high-pressure conditions with minimal wind.
• Requires time (days to weeks) to acquire the surface’s thermal and moisture
properties.
Source Region: Geographic areas where air masses originate, classified as:
• Continental (dry) or maritime (humid).
• Polar, Arctic, Tropical, or Equatorial based on latitude

b)

Front Definitions:
• Warm Front: Boundary where warm air replaces colder air, marked by red lines with
semicircles.
• Cold Front: Boundary where cold air displaces warmer air, marked by blue lines with
triangles.

c) Front Symbols on Weather Maps


• Warm Front: Red line with semicircles pointing toward cold air.
• Cold Front: Blue line with triangles pointing toward warm air.
Example: On a weather map, semicircles on the east side of a red line indicate a warm front
moving northeast, while triangles on a blue line show a cold front advancing southeast.
d) Weather During Front Passage
Warm Front:
1. Approach: High cirrus clouds → thickening altostratus → light rain.
2. Passage: Steady rain transitions to drizzle; temperatures rise.
3. Aftermath: Overcast skies, stratus clouds, and mild conditions.
Cold Front:
Cold Front:
1. Approach: Towering cumulonimbus clouds, thunderstorms.
2. Passage: Heavy rain, gusty winds, temperature drop.
3. Aftermath: Clear skies, cooler, drier air.
e) Frontal Depressions and Frontolysis/Frontogenesis
Frontal Depression (Mid-Latitude Cyclone):
• Origin: Forms at polar front (clashing polar and tropical air masses).
• Life Cycle:
1. Frontogenesis: Front intensifies due to temperature contrast.
2. Maturity: Occlusion forms as cold front overtakes warm front.
3. Decay (Frontolysis): Front dissipates as air masses mix.
Structure:
• Warm sector (tropical air) between warm and cold fronts.
• Central low pressure with counterclockwise circulation (Northern Hemisphere).
f)

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