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U.N.O. - Aims and Organs

The document outlines the aims and objectives of the United Nations Organization, which include maintaining international peace, promoting human rights, and fostering international cooperation. It details the composition and functions of the General Assembly, Security Council, and International Court of Justice, highlighting their roles in global governance and conflict resolution. Additionally, it explains the voting processes and decision-making mechanisms within these bodies.

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10 views4 pages

U.N.O. - Aims and Organs

The document outlines the aims and objectives of the United Nations Organization, which include maintaining international peace, promoting human rights, and fostering international cooperation. It details the composition and functions of the General Assembly, Security Council, and International Court of Justice, highlighting their roles in global governance and conflict resolution. Additionally, it explains the voting processes and decision-making mechanisms within these bodies.

Uploaded by

annanyjaiswal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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U.N.O.

– AIMS AND ORGANS

Aims and objectives of the United Nations Organization


1. To save succeeding generations from the scourge of war.
2. To maintain international peace and security
3. To develop friendly relations among nations
4. To achieve international cooperation in solving problems of economic, social and cultural
character
5. To establish conditions under which justice and respect for international law and international
treaties can be maintained.
6. To create faith in human rights and in the dignity and worth of the human person.
7. To promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom.
8. To disarm, to decolonise and to develop.

The General Assembly Composition


1.All members of the United Nations are members of the general assembly.

2.Each member shall have not more than five representatives in the General assembly.

3.Each state has only one vote.

4.Assembly elects its one President, 21 Vice President and the Chairmen of its six major

Committees.

5.It is a kind of Parliament of Nations.

6.Assembly must have a session once a year in September. in addition, the special sessions

may be convened by the Secretary General at the request of the Security Council or of a majority

of the members of the United Nations.

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Functions of the General Assembly
1. The assembly may discuss any question relating to peace and security.
2. ⁠ The assembly has the power to make recommendations for the purpose of promoting
international Corporation in political, economic, social, cultural, and health fields.
3. ⁠ The General Assembly regulates the working of other organs and agencies of the United
Nations.
4. ⁠ It receives and considers reports from the Security Council and other organs of the United
Nations.
5. ⁠ The Secretary General is required to make an annual report to the general assembly on the
work of the United Nations
6. ⁠ The General Assembly considers and approves the budget of the United Nations.
7. ⁠ The assembly elect the non-permanent members of the security council, and the members
of the Economic and Social Council.
8. ⁠ The assembly appoints the Secretary General upon the recommendations of the Security
Council.
9. ⁠ Members of the International Court of Justice are elected by the General Assembly and by
the Security Council.
10. ⁠ The assembly has the power to amend the charter of the United Nations.
11. ⁠ With the adoption of United for peace resolution in 1950, the position of the assembly has
become very strong. If the Security Council is unable to reach a decision due to lack of
unanimity/Veto, the General Assembly can deal with the problem and can make
recommendations for collective measures.

Composition of the Security Council


1. It is often described as the Enforcement or Executive wing of the United Nations.
2. ⁠ The Security Council consists of 15 members
3. ⁠ There are five permanent members in the security council – China, France, Russia, Britain,
and United States of America
4. ⁠ The 10 non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly by 2/3 majority
5. ⁠ Non-permanent members are elected for a two year term
6. ⁠ A retiring member is not eligible for immediate re-election.
7. ⁠ Each member of the Security Council has one vote. Decisions are made by a positive vote
of nine members, including the agreeing votes of the permanent members
8. ⁠ A negative vote by a permanent member is called veto which means that the council is
powerless to act in the face of a veto by any of permanent members
9. ⁠ An abstention from voting by a permanent member does not amount to a negative vote

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Functions of security council-Enforcement or Executive wing of the UN
1. The Security Council may investigate any dispute or situation which might lead to
international friction.
2. It may recommend appropriate methods to the parties to a dispute to seek a peaceful solution.
These methods include negotiation, mediation, arbitration, or judicial settlement.
3. The council may suggest measures such as complete or partial interruption of economic
relations with the aggressor
4. Council may suggest interruption of rail, sea, air, postal, and other means of communication
5. The Council may suggest to end the diplomatic relations with an aggressor nation.
6. Security Council may take the military action against an aggressor nation which include
operations by air, sea or land forces supplied by member -nations
7. New members are admitted by a two third vote of the general assembly on the
recommendation of the Security Council
8. The Security Council participate in the election of the Judges of the International Court of
Justice.
9. The UN Secretary General is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of
the Security Council.
10. Security Council may formulate plans for establishment of a system to regulate armaments
11. To exercise the trusteeship functions of the United Nations in strategic areas.

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Composition of the International Court of Justice-Principal judicial organ of the United
Nations
1. The court consists of 15 judges elected by the Security Council and General assembly for a
term of nine years. They are eligible for re-election.
2. No two Judges can be nationals of same state. If two persons of the same nationality are
chosen, only the senior/elder becomes a member of the court.
3. The court elects its President and Vice President for a three-year term. They can be re-
elected when their term expires.
4. The court has power to appoint its Registrar for a term of seven years. He can be re-elected
after the expiry of term.

Functions of the International Court of Justice


1. A large number of treaties provide that dispute arising under them would be submitted to the
court.
2. The jurisdiction of the ICJ extends to disputes pertaining to the interpretation of international
law.
3. ICJ also decides a reparation /compensation to be made for breaking of an international
obligation.
4. The jurisdiction of ICJ covers all cases which the parties refer to it.
5. The General assembly, the Security Council and the other organs of the United Nations may
request the court to give an advisory opinion on any legal question.
6. The court also has the power of the codification of international laws, especially the laws
related to human rights and rights of prisoners of war.
7. The court may suggest appropriate method of settlement of disputes.

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