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The document is a tutorial on heat exchangers, presenting various problems related to heat transfer calculations. It covers topics such as determining overall heat transfer coefficients, required surface areas for heat exchangers, and outlet temperatures of fluids in different configurations. The problems involve different fluids, flow rates, and temperature changes, emphasizing practical applications of heat transfer principles.

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12 views

Tutoria5

The document is a tutorial on heat exchangers, presenting various problems related to heat transfer calculations. It covers topics such as determining overall heat transfer coefficients, required surface areas for heat exchangers, and outlet temperatures of fluids in different configurations. The problems involve different fluids, flow rates, and temperature changes, emphasizing practical applications of heat transfer principles.

Uploaded by

psaromal0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AE 222-Heat Transfer

Tutorial 5: HEAT EXCHANGERS

1. A steel tube (thermal conductivity, k = 50 W/mK) has an inner diameter of 2.54


cm and an outer diameter of 2.88 cm. Water flows inside the tube at 80◦ C with
a velocity of 0.5 m/s, while the outer surface is exposed to an environment with
a heat transfer coefficient of 30,800 W/m2 K. Determine the overall heat transfer
coefficient, considering the outer surface area of the pipe as the reference.
2. A counterflow double-pipe heat exchanger is used to heat water at a flow rate of
8000 kg/h, entering at 25◦ C. The heating is achieved using oil, which has a specific
heat capacity of 2095 J/kg·K and flows at 10,000 kg/h. The oil enters the heat
exchanger at 80◦ C and exits at 50◦ C. Given an overall heat transfer coefficient of
300 W/m2 K, determine the required heat exchanger surface area.
3. A double-pipe heat exchanger can operate in both parallel-flow and counterflow
configurations. Hot oil, with a heat capacity rate of 2500 W/K, enters at 360◦ C
and exits at 300◦ C. A cold fluid enters at 30◦ C and is heated to 200◦ C. Determine
the required heat exchanger surface area for both flow configurations, assuming an
overall heat transfer coefficient of 800 W/m2 K.
4. Saturated steam at 120◦ C condenses on the outer surface of a single-pass heat
exchanger with a heat transfer coefficient of 1800 W/m2 K. Determine the surface
area required for the heat exchanger to heat 1000 kg/h of water from 20◦ C to 90◦ C.
Additionally, calculate the rate of steam condensation, given that the latent heat
of vaporization (hf g ) is 2200 kJ/kg.
5. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used to cool water from 18◦ C to 6.5◦ C using
a brine solution. The brine enters at -1.1◦ C and exits at 2.9◦ C. Determine the
required heat exchanger surface area when water flows through a single shell pass
and the brine flows through two tube passes. Assume an overall heat transfer
coefficient of 850 W/m2 K and a design heat load of 6000 W. Additionally, calculate
the surface area required if the heat exchanger operates with two shell passes and
four tube passes
6. A refrigerator is designed to cool 250 kg/h of a hot liquid with a specific heat
capacity of 3350 J/kg·K from an initial temperature of 120◦ C using a parallel-flow
heat exchanger. For cooling, 1000 kg/h of water is available at an inlet tempera-
ture of 10◦ C. Given that the overall heat transfer coefficient is 1660 W/m2 K and
the heat exchanger has a surface area of 0.25 m2 , determine the outlet tempera-
tures of both the cooled liquid and the cooling water. Additionally, calculate the
effectiveness of the heat exchanger.

7. Water enters a counterflow, double-pipe heat exchanger at 15◦ C, flowing at a rate


of 1300 kg/h. It is heated by oil with a specific heat capacity of 2300 J/kg·K,
which flows at 550 kg/h and enters at 94◦ C. Given a heat exchanger area of 1 m2
and an overall heat transfer coefficient of 1075 W/m2 K, determine the total heat
transfer and the outlet temperatures of both water and oil.

8. A double-pipe heat exchanger consists of a copper inner tube with thermal con-
ductivity k = 380 W/m·°C. The inner tube has an internal diameter of 1.2 cm and
an external diameter of 1.6 cm, while the outer tube has a diameter of 3.0 cm.
The convection heat transfer coefficient is reported as hi = 700 W/m2 °C on the
inner surface of the tube and ho = 1400 W/m2 °C on its outer surface. The fouling
factors are given as Rf,i = 0.0005 m2 °C/W on the tube side and Rf,o = 0.0002
m2 °C/W on the shell side. Determine:
(a) The thermal resistance of the heat exchanger per unit length.
(b) The overall heat transfer coefficients Ui and Uo based on the inner and outer
surface areas of the tube, respectively.

9. Water at an average temperature of 110◦ C and an average velocity of 3.5 m/s flows
through a 5-meter-long stainless steel tube with thermal conductivity k = 14.2
W/m·°C in a boiler. The tube has an inner diameter of 1.0 cm and an outer
diameter of 1.4 cm. The convection heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface of
the tube, where boiling occurs, is ho = 8400 W/m2 °C. Determine the overall heat
transfer coefficient Ui for this boiler based on the inner surface area of the tube.

10. In the condenser of a steam power plant, steam is condensed at 50◦ C with a latent
heat of vaporization hf g = 2383 kJ/kg. Cooling water with a specific heat capacity
c = 4180 J/kg·°C enters the tubes of the condenser at 18◦ C and leaves at 27◦ C.
The surface area of the tubes is 42 m2 , and the overall heat transfer coefficient is
2400 W/m2 °C. Determine the mass flow rate of the cooling water needed and the
rate of condensation of the steam in the condenser

11. A double-pipe parallel-flow heat exchanger is designed to heat water with a specific
heat capacity of c = 4180 J/kg·°C from 25◦ C to 60◦ C at a mass flow rate of 0.2 kg/s.
The heating is accomplished by geothermal water with a specific heat capacity of
c = 4310 J/kg·°C, flowing at a mass rate of 0.3 kg/s and entering the heat exchanger
at 140◦ C. The inner tube of the heat exchanger is thin-walled with a diameter of

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0.8 cm. Given that the overall heat transfer coefficient is 550 W/m2 °C, determine
the length of the tube required to achieve the desired heating

12. Engine oil with a specific heat capacity of c = 2100 J/kg·°C is to be heated from
20◦ C to 60◦ C at a mass flow rate of 0.3 kg/s inside a 2-cm-diameter thin-walled
copper tube. The heating is accomplished by condensing steam outside the tube
at a temperature of 130◦ C, with a latent heat of vaporization hf g = 2174 kJ/kg.
Given that the overall heat transfer coefficient is 650 W/m2 °C, determine the rate
of heat transfer and the length of the tube required to achieve this heating?

13. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger with 2 shell passes and 8 tube passes is used to
heat ethyl alcohol with a specific heat capacity of c = 2670 J/kg·°C in the tubes
from 25◦ C to 70◦ C at a mass flow rate of 2.1 kg/s. The heating is accomplished
by water with a specific heat capacity of c = 4190 J/kg·°C that enters the shell
side at 95◦ C and leaves at 45◦ C. Given that the overall heat transfer coefficient is
950 W/m2 °C, determine the heat transfer surface area of the heat exchanger.

14. The radiator in an automobile is a cross-flow heat exchanger with a heat transfer
coefficient U As = 10 kW/K, using air with a specific heat capacity c = 1 kJ/kg·K
to cool the engine coolant fluid with a specific heat capacity c = 4.00 kJ/kg·K.
The engine fan draws air at 30◦ C through the radiator at a mass flow rate of 10
kg/s, while the coolant pump circulates the engine coolant at a rate of 5 kg/s.
The coolant enters the radiator at 80◦ C. The effectiveness of the radiator is 0.4.
Determine:
(a) The outlet temperature of the air.
(b) The rate of heat transfer between the two fluids.

15. A thin-walled double-pipe parallel-flow heat exchanger is used to heat a chemical


with a specific heat of 1800 J/kg·°C using hot water with a specific heat of c = 4180
J/kg·°C. The chemical enters the heat exchanger at 20◦ C at a flow rate of 3 kg/s,
while the water enters at 110◦ C at a flow rate of 2 kg/s. The heat transfer surface
area of the heat exchanger is 7 m2 , and the overall heat transfer coefficient is 1200
W/m2 °C. Determine the outlet temperatures of the chemical and the water.

16. A cross-flow heat exchanger consists of 80 thin-walled tubes with a diameter of 3


cm, located in a duct with a cross-sectional area of 1 m × 1 m. There are no fins
attached to the tubes. Cold water with a specific heat of c = 4180 J/kg·°C enters
the tubes at 18◦ C with an average velocity of 3 m/s, while hot air with a specific
heat of c = 1010 J/kg·°C enters the channel at 130◦ C and 105 kPa with an average
velocity of 12 m/s. Given that the overall heat transfer coefficient is 130 W/m2 °C,
determine:

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- The outlet temperatures of both fluids. - The rate of heat transfer.

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