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The K-12 program in the Philippines extends basic education from 10 to 12 years, aiming to enhance student readiness for higher education and employment. It is founded on progressivism and essentialism, focusing on global competitiveness, holistic development, and reducing education gaps, while facing challenges such as infrastructure issues and public resistance. Despite criticisms, the program is seen as a positive change that requires collective effort for successful implementation.

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Janelle
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6 views

prof ed-ja

The K-12 program in the Philippines extends basic education from 10 to 12 years, aiming to enhance student readiness for higher education and employment. It is founded on progressivism and essentialism, focusing on global competitiveness, holistic development, and reducing education gaps, while facing challenges such as infrastructure issues and public resistance. Despite criticisms, the program is seen as a positive change that requires collective effort for successful implementation.

Uploaded by

Janelle
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Republic of the Philippines

COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION

MUNICIPALITY OF DARAGA

DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Name of Student: Janelle B. Amarille Group No. and Name: I- OXYGEN


Course Year and Block: II- BSED SCIENCE B Term: 2nd Sem. AY 2024-2025__

Subject: Prof Ed 5 – The Teacher and the Community,


School Culture and Organizational Leadership

Handout for UNIT 1, SOCIETY and EDUCATION


Sub-Topic: G. Educational Reforms: The K to 12 Curriculum Example

EDUCATION REFORMS IN K TO 12 CURRICULUM


The K-12 program in the Philippines reformed the basic education system by
improving the curriculum and extending the length of basic education from 10 to 12
years. The program's goals include preparing students for higher education, making
them eligible for higher education institutions, and ensuring they are employable after
graduating.

PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS


Philosophical Perspectives
- Influenced by progressivism, which emphasizes student-centered learning and
problem-solving.
- Incorporates essentialism, ensuring students gain foundational knowledge and
skills.

Sociological Contributions
- Addresses Focuses on reducing unemployment by equipping students with
employable skills.

GOALS OF THE REFORM


1. Global Competitiveness -Aligns the Philippine education system with
international standards (e.g., the 12-year basic education system in most
countries).
2. Holistic Development -Prepares students for various pathways, including higher
education, employment, or entrepreneurship.
3. Reducing Education Gaps -Addresses the mismatch between the skills taught in
schools and labor market demands.

CHALLENGES AND CRITICISMS


Implementation Issues
- Lack of infrastructure, learning materials, and trained teachers.

1
- Financial burden on low-income families.

Public Perception
- Initial resistance from stakeholders due to the additional two years of schooling.

Assessment and Results


- Questions remain about whether the reform has significantly improved education
quality.

INSIGHTS AND UNDERSTANDING OF TOPIC


REFLECTION:

After learning about the K-12 program in the Philippines, I now understand why
our basic education was changed from 10 years to 12 years. At first, I thought the extra
two years were just more work, but now I see that it's to help us be more ready for
college, work, or even starting a business. The program gives us more time to learn and
choose the path we want to take. I also learned that the K-12 program wants students to
not only know facts, but also learn how to solve problems and think better. This is
helpful because in real life, we need to make good decisions. It also helps us become
more competitive with students from other countries who already have 12 years of basic
education. Because of this program, we can now graduate with skills that we can
already use to get a job if we want to work right after high school.

Also saw that there are still many challenges in making the K-12 program truly
successful. There are still schools that lack enough classrooms, books, and teachers to
support the new system. Some students also find it hard to finish school because of the
added cost of two more years. Others are still confused about what track or strand to
choose in Senior High School. Despite these problems, I believe the K-12 program is a
good change for our country. It will take time, effort, and support from everyone—
teachers, students, and the government—for it to work well. I hope that in the future,
more improvements will be made so that all students can have access to quality
education.

References
● https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10533/
● Education in the Philippines
● https://time.com/6124045/school-closures-covid-education-philippines/
● https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chito_Salazar

Prepared by:

Janelle B. Amarille
Printed Name over Signature of Student

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