Scribd
Upload
6 views

1 (1)

The document contains a set of exercises focused on group theory, specifically regarding the structure and properties of various groups related to commutative rings and finite fields. It includes tasks such as proving certain subsets are subgroups, finding orders of groups, and exploring the properties of isometries of regular polygons. The exercises aim to deepen understanding of group operations, normal subgroups, and the relationship between different group structures.

Uploaded by

kacperwy0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

1 (1)

The document contains a set of exercises focused on group theory, specifically regarding the structure and properties of various groups related to commutative rings and finite fields. It includes tasks such as proving certain subsets are subgroups, finding orders of groups, and exploring the properties of isometries of regular polygons. The exercises aim to deepen understanding of group operations, normal subgroups, and the relationship between different group structures.

Uploaded by

kacperwy0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Topics in the theory of groups

Exercise set 1

1. Let R be a commutative ring with identity. Show that


A(R) = {f : R → R : f (x) = ax + b, a ∈ U(R), b ∈ Zn }
with an operation of composition is a group.
2. Show that H = {f ∈ A(R) : f (x) = ax, a ∈ U(R)} is a subgroup of
A(R).
3. Show that N = {f ∈ A(R) : f (x) = x + b, b ∈ R} is a normal subgroup
of A(R).
4. Show that K = {f ∈ A(R) : f (x) = ax + b, a = ±1, b ∈ Zn } is a
subgroup of A(R).
5. Find an order of A(Z10 ). Find elements of order p in A(Z10 ) where p is
prime dividing |A(Z10 )|.
6. Find all elements of order 5 in A(Z11 ).
7. Solve the equation x60 = 1 in Z151 .
8. Let F be a nite eld with q elements. Find an order of GLn (F ).
9. Show that A · SLn (F ) = B · SLn (F ) if and only if det A = det B .
10. Find an order of SLn (F ) where F has q elements.
11. Determine Gl2 (Z2 ), construct a table of multiplication and nd all sub-
groups of Gl2 (Z2 ).
12. Find an order of Sl2 (Z3 ) and nd all elements of order 3 in Sl2 (Z3 ).
13. A regular polygon is a polygon that is equiangular (all angles are equal in
measure) and equilateral (all sides have the same length). Let me remind
you that Dn is a group of all isometries of n-regular polygon.

(a) Calculate an order of Dn .


(b) Let On be a set of all ratations. Show that On is a normal subgroup
of Dn and calculate an order of On .
(c) How many subgroups of order 2 has Dn ?
(d) Show that if m|n, then Dn contains o subgroup isomophic to Dm .
(e) Find all subgroups of D4 .
(f) Find all subgroups of Dp where p is a prime number.
(g) Show that Dn is isomorphic to a group
Gn = {f : Zn → Zn : f (x) = ax + b, a = ±1, b ∈ Zn }.
(h) Show that Dn is generated by two elements.
Show that if R is a family of (normal) subgroups of a group G, then
T
14. R
is a (normal) subgroup.
15. Let us dene a product of two subsets A, B ∈ G:
A · B = {ab : a ∈ A, b ∈ B}.

(a) Show that if G is an abelian group and H, K are subgroups of G, then


H · K is a subgroup of G.
(b) Show an example of a group and a subgroups H, K of G such that
H · K is not a subgroup of G.
(c) Show that if N is a normal subgroup of G and K is any subgroup of
G, then N · K is a subgroup of G.
(d) Show that if N, M are normal subgroups of G, then N · M is a normal
subgroup of G.
(e) Let H, K be subgroups of G. Then H · K is a subgroup of G if and
only if H · K = K · H ,
16. Show that A(R) = H · N , where
H = {f ∈ A(R) : f (x) = ax, a ∈ U(R)},
N = {f ∈ A(R) : f (x) = x + b, b ∈ R}.
Moreover H ∩ N = {id}.
17. Show that every element of a nite group has a nite order.
18. Show that if a has order m and gcd(m, n) = 1, then an has order m.
19. Show that if a has order m, then the order of an is equal to m
gcd(m,n)
.
20. Show that if p is a prime number, then every group of order p is cyclic.
21. Show that if p is a prime number, then every group of order p2 is abelian
and isomorphic to Zp × Zp or Zp2 .

You might also like