COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

KOCHI, KERALA, INDIA

LAB RECORD
22-382–0207- DBMS LAB

COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
KOCHI, KERALA, INDIA

DBMS PROGRAMMING

LABORATORY RECORD

Name : ANAND KUMAR

Register No. : 24100336
Semester & Course : II, Masters in Computer Application
Year : 2024-26

Certified that this is a bonafide record of work done by Mr. ANAND KUMAR in
the DBMS Programming Laboratory of the Department of Computer Applications,
Cochin University of Science and Technology.

Faculty in Charge Head of the Department

 Contents of the Record

SI No Title Page
1 Create a table using SQL DDL commands with integrity constraints 4
and modify schema using ALTER and DROP.
2 Modify table by inserting, deleting, and updating records using SQL 5
DML commands.
3 Create a Bank table and perform various queries including selection, 6
updates, and deletions.
4 Perform branch-wise sorting, add a new column, update values, 8
count records, and remove specific accounts.
5 Create CLIENT_MASTER and SALE_ORDER tables, insert values, 11
and perform queries on client details and orders.
6 Create supplier, parts, and shipment tables, insert values, and run 14
queries on supplier and shipment details.
7 Implement student-class-faculty database and execute queries on 18
enrollment and faculty records.
8 Create Product and Vendor tables, insert values, and perform queries 22
related to vendor-product relationships.
9 Implement Library Database schema and perform retrieval, deletion, 24
partitioning, and view creation.
10 Implement Company Database schema and execute queries related 29
to employees and departments.
11 Implement control structures like IF-THEN, IF-THEN-ELSE, 33
CASE, WHILE using PL/SQL.
12 Implement a cursor to fetch the top 5 highest-paid employees and 36
insert them into another table.
13 Create Student and Student_Grade tables, use a cursor to calculate 38
total, percentage, and assign grades.
14 Implement a procedure for a bank transaction using stored 41
procedures.
15 Implement a function for a bank transaction using stored functions. 43
16 Implement a trigger for loan generation when balance goes below 45
zero.
17 Create a TRIGGER to ensure student total_marks is not less than 47
zero.
18 Create a TRIGGER to delete rows if quantity entered is zero in the 49
supplier table.
19 Write a stored procedure to check if a number is an Armstrong 51
number.
 PROGRAM-1

Question:
Create a table using SQL DDL commands. Apply integrity constraints (primary key, foreign key , not
null) and change the existing schema definition using ALTER and DROP.
Query:
CREATE TABLE Department (
dept_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
dept_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE Employee (
emp_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
emp_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
dept_id INT,
FOREIGN KEY (dept_id) REFERENCES Department(dept_id)
);
ALTER TABLE Employee ADD salary DECIMAL(10,2);
DROP TABLE Employee;

Output: Table created, altered, and dropped successfully.

4
 PROGRAM-2

Question:
Modify the table by inserting, deleting, and updating records using SQL DML commands.
Query:
CREATE TABLE Department (
dept_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
dept_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE Employee (
emp_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
emp_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
dept_id INT,

FOREIGN KEY (dept_id) REFERENCES Department(dept_id)

);
INSERT INTO Department (dept_id, dept_name) VALUES (1, 'HR');
INSERT INTO Employee (emp_id, emp_name, dept_id) VALUES (101, 'John', 1);
UPDATE Employee SET emp_name = 'John Doe' WHERE emp_id = 101;
DELETE FROM Employee WHERE emp_id = 101;

Output: Records inserted, updated, and deleted successfully.

5
 PROGRAM-3

Question:
Create a table Bank with fields (Acc_no integer primary key, Acc_name varchar(20), branch_name
varchar(20), Acc_type varchar(10), amount decimal(10,2)). Insert at least 5 records.
1. Display “Savings Account” details in Kochi branch.
2. Change “Trivandrum” to “Thiruvananthapuram”.
3. Display details of customers in Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Palakkad.
4. List customers in Thrissur with min balance Rs5000.
5. Delete all current accounts in Mahe branch.

Query:
CREATE TABLE Bank (
Acc_no INT PRIMARY KEY,
Acc_name VARCHAR(20),
branch_name VARCHAR(20),
Acc_type VARCHAR(10),
amount DECIMAL(10,2)
);
INSERT INTO Bank VALUES
(1, 'Alice', 'Kochi', 'Savings', 10000.00),
(2, 'Bob', 'Trivandrum', 'Current', 5000.00),
(3, 'Charlie', 'Thrissur', 'Savings', 7000.00),
(4, 'David', 'Mahe', 'Current', 3000.00),
(5, 'Eve', 'Palakkad', 'Savings', 12000.00);
SELECT * FROM Bank WHERE Acc_type = 'Savings' AND branch_name = 'Kochi';
UPDATE Bank SET branch_name = 'Thiruvananthapuram' WHERE branch_name = 'Trivandrum';
SELECT * FROM Bank WHERE branch_name IN ('Thiruvananthapuram', 'Kochi', 'Palakkad');
SELECT * FROM Bank WHERE branch_name = 'Thrissur' AND amount >= 5000;
DELETE FROM Bank WHERE branch_name = 'Mahe' AND Acc_type = 'Current';

6
Output:
1.

Acc_no Acc_name Branch_name Acc_type Amount

1 Alice Kochi Savings 10000.00

2. Branch Updated
3.

Acc_no Acc_name Branch_name Acc_type Amount

1 Alice Kochi Savings 10000.00

2 Bob Thiruvananthapuram Current 5000.00

5 Eve Palakkad Savings 12000.00

4.

Acc_no Acc_name Branch_name Acc_type Amount

3 Charlie Thrissur Savings 7000.00

5. David’s account deleted

7
 PROGRAM-4

Question:
Use a Bank table and write SQL statements for the following.
1.Display the branch wise details of account holders in the ascending order of the amount.
2.Insert a new column named Minimum_amount into the table with default value 1000.
3.Update the Minimum_amount column with the value 1000 for the customers in branches other than
Alappuzha and Malappuram.
4.Find the number of customers who do not have the minimum amount 1000.
5.Remove the details of SB accounts from Thiruvananthapuram branch who have zero (0) balance in
their account.

Query:
CREATE TABLE Bank (
Account_No VARCHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY,

Account_Holder_Name VARCHAR(50),
Branch VARCHAR(50),
Amount DECIMAL(10, 2)
);
INSERT INTO Bank VALUES
('SB001', 'John', 'Thiruvananthapuram', 5000),
('SB002', 'Alice', 'Alappuzha', 1500),
('SB003', 'Bob', 'Malappuram', 800),
('SB004', 'Charlie', 'Thiruvananthapuram', 0),
('SB005', 'David', 'Kochi', 2000),
('SB006', 'Eve', 'Alappuzha', 300);
1. SELECT Branch, Account_No, Account_Holder_Name, Amount
FROM Bank
ORDER BY Branch, Amount ASC;
2. ALTER TABLE Bank
ADD Minimum_amount DECIMAL(10, 2) DEFAULT 1000;
3. UPDATE Bank
SET Minimum_amount = 1000
WHERE Branch NOT IN ('Alappuzha', 'Malappuram');
4. SELECT COUNT(*) AS Low_Balance_Customers
FROM Bank

8
 WHERE Amount < 1000;
5. DELETE FROM Bank
WHERE Branch = 'Thiruvananthapuram'
AND Amount = 0
AND Account_No LIKE 'SB%';
Output:
1.

Branch Account No Account Holder Name Amount

Alappuzha SB006 Eve 300

Alappuzha SB002 Alice 1500

Kochi SB005 David 2000

Malappuram SB003 Bob 800

Thiruvananthapuram SB004 Charlie 0

Thiruvananthapuram SB001 John 5000

2.

Account No Account Holder Name Branch Amount Minimum Amount

SB001 John Thiruvananthapuram 5000 1000

SB002 Alice Alappuzha 1500 1000

SB003 Bob Malappuram 800 1000

SB004 Charlie Thiruvananthapuram 0 1000

SB005 David Kochi 2000 1000

SB006 Eve Alappuzha 300 1000

3. Since Minimum_amount was already 1000 for all rows due to the default value, no visible change
occurs here.
4.

Low_Balance_Customers

9
5.

Account_No Account_Holder_Name Branch Amount Minimum_amount

SB001 John Thiruvananthapuram 5000 1000

SB002 Alice Alappuzha 1500 1000

SB003 Bob Malappuram 800 1000

SB005 David Kochi 2000 1000

SB006 Eve Alappuzha 300 1000

10
 PROGRAM-5

Question:
Create table CLIENT_MASTER with attributes Client_No as primary key, Name, City, Pincode,
and Bal_due.
Create table SALE_ORDER with attributes Order_No, Order_Date, Client_No, Order_Status,
and Dely_Date.
Insert values into tables.
Write SQL queries to:
1. List all details from the CLIENT_MASTER table for clients whose Bal_due = 0.
2. Update table CLIENT_MASTER, change city of Client_No C00004 to Jaipur.
3. Retrieve records of clients residing in Mumbai.
4. Find the Name and Address of customer who has placed Order_No ‘O19003’ and ‘O19002’
respectively.
5. List the Client_No, Name, City, and Pincode of clients whose Order_Status is “In
process”.

Query:

CREATE TABLE CLIENT_MASTER (

Client_No VARCHAR(6) PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(50),
City VARCHAR(50),
Pincode VARCHAR(10),
Bal_due DECIMAL(10, 2)
);

CREATE TABLE SALE_ORDER (

Order_No VARCHAR(6) PRIMARY KEY,
Order_Date DATE,
Client_No VARCHAR(6),
Order_Status VARCHAR(20),
Dely_Date DATE,
FOREIGN KEY (Client_No) REFERENCES CLIENT_MASTER(Client_No)

11
);
INSERT INTO CLIENT_MASTER VALUES
('C00001', 'Amit', 'Mumbai', '400001', 0),
('C00002', 'Priya', 'Delhi', '110001', 5000),
('C00003', 'Rahul', 'Mumbai', '400002', 0),
('C00004', 'Suman', 'Chennai', '600001', 2000);

INSERT INTO SALE_ORDER VALUES

('O19001', '2023-01-15', 'C00001', 'Delivered', '2023-01-20'),
('O19002', '2023-02-10', 'C00002', 'In process', '2023-02-15'),
('O19003', '2023-03-05', 'C00003', 'Delivered', '2023-03-10'),
('O19004', '2023-04-01', 'C00004', 'In process', '2023-04-10');

1. SELECT *
FROM CLIENT_MASTER
WHERE Bal_due = 0;
2. UPDATE CLIENT_MASTER
SET City = 'Jaipur'
WHERE Client_No = 'C00004';
3. SELECT *
FROM CLIENT_MASTER
WHERE City = 'Mumbai';
4. SELECT CM.Name, CM.City, CM.Pincode
FROM CLIENT_MASTER CM
JOIN SALE_ORDER SO ON CM.Client_No = SO.Client_No
WHERE SO.Order_No IN ('O19003', 'O19002');
5. SELECT CM.Client_No, CM.Name, CM.City, CM.Pincode
FROM CLIENT_MASTER CM
JOIN SALE_ORDER SO ON CM.Client_No = SO.Client_No
WHERE SO.Order_Status = 'In process';
Output:
1.

Client_No Name City Pincode Bal_due

C00001 Amit Mumbai 400001 0

C00003 Rahul Mumbai 400002 0

12
2.

Client_No Name City Pincode Bal_due

C00001 Amit Mumbai 400001 0

C00002 Priya Delhi 110001 5000

C00003 Rahul Mumbai 400002 0

C00004 Suman Jaipur 600001 2000

3.

Client_No Name City Pincode Bal_due

C00001 Amit Mumbai 400001 0

C00003 Rahul Mumbai 400002 0

4.

Name City Pincode

Rahul Mumbai 400002

Priya Delhi 110001

5.

Client_No Name City Pincode

C00002 Priya Delhi 110001

C00004 Suman Jaipur 600001

13
 PROGRAM-6

Question:
Create table supplier with attributes supplier number as primary key, supplier name and city.
Create a table parts with attributes partno as primary key, partname, color, weight and city.
Create a table shipment with attributes sno as references supplier number of supplier table, pno
references partnumber of parts table, quantity, sno and pno as primary key.
Insert values into 3 tables.
Write SQL queries to
1. Change the city of suppliers whose sno is S1 to Hyderabad.
2. Update the quantity of all parts in the shipment table to quantity +10.
3. Get supplier name for all suppliers who supply part p1.
4. Get supplier number for suppliers who are located in same city as sno=S1.
5. Get supplier number for suppliers who supply at least one part supplied by sno=S2.
6. Get Sno’s for suppliers who do not supply any part supplied by sno=S2.

Query:
CREATE TABLE Supplier (

sno VARCHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY,

supplier_name VARCHAR(100),
city VARCHAR(100)
);

CREATE TABLE Parts (

partno VARCHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY,
partname VARCHAR(100),
color VARCHAR(50),
weight DECIMAL(10,2),
city VARCHAR(100)
);

CREATE TABLE Shipment (

sno VARCHAR(10),

14
 pno VARCHAR(10),
quantity INT,
PRIMARY KEY (sno, pno),
FOREIGN KEY (sno) REFERENCES Supplier(sno),
FOREIGN KEY (pno) REFERENCES Parts(partno)
);
INSERT INTO Supplier (sno, supplier_name, city) VALUES
('S1', 'Supplier A', 'Mumbai'), ('S2', 'Supplier B', 'Delhi'),
('S3', 'Supplier C', 'Bangalore'), ('S4', 'Supplier D', 'Chennai');

INSERT INTO Parts (partno, partname, color, weight, city) VALUES

('P1', 'Bolt', 'Red', 5.5, 'Mumbai'), ('P2', 'Nut', 'Blue', 3.2, 'Delhi'),

('P3', 'Screw', 'Green', 4.0, 'Chennai'), ('P4', 'Washer', 'Yellow', 2.5, 'Bangalore');

INSERT INTO Shipment (sno, pno, quantity) VALUES

('S1', 'P1', 100), ('S1', 'P2', 150), ('S2', 'P2', 200),
('S2', 'P3', 120), ('S3', 'P4', 180), ('S4', 'P1', 90);
1. UPDATE Supplier
SET city = 'Hyderabad'
WHERE sno = 'S1';
2. UPDATE Shipment
SET quantity = quantity + 10;
3. SELECT s.supplier_name
FROM Supplier s
JOIN Shipment sh ON s.sno = sh.sno
WHERE sh.pno = 'P1';
4. SELECT sno
FROM Supplier
WHERE city = (SELECT city FROM Supplier WHERE sno = 'S1');
5. SELECT DISTINCT sh.sno
FROM shipment sh
WHERE sh.pno IN (SELECT pno FROM shipment WHERE sno = 'S2')
AND sh.sno != 'S2';
6. SELECT s.sno FROM supplier s
WHERE s.sno NOT IN
( SELECT sh.sno FROM shipment sh WHERE sh.pno IN
(SELECT pno FROM shipment WHERE sno = 'S2') );

15
Output:
1.

sno supplier_name city

S1 Supplier A Hyderabad

S2 Supplier B Delhi

S3 Supplier C Bangalore

S4 Supplier D Chennai

2.

sno pno quantity

S1 P1 110

S1 P2 160

S2 P2 210

S2 P3 130

S3 P4 190

S4 P1 100

3.

supplier_name

Supplier A

Supplier D

4.

sno

S1

16
5.

sno

S1

6.

sno

S3

S4

17
 PROGRAM-7
Question:
Student(snum: integer, sname: string, major: string, level: string, age: integer) Class(name: string,
meets at: time, room: string, fid: integer) Enrolled(snum: integer, cname: string) Faculty(fid: integer,
fname: string, deptid: integer) The meaning of these relations is straightforward; for example,
Enrolled has one record per student-class pair such that the student is enrolled in the class. Write the
following queries in SQL.
1.Find the names of all Juniors (Level = JR) who are enrolled in a class taught by I. Teach.
2.Find the age of the oldest student who is either a History major or is enrolled in a course taught by I.
Teach.
3.Find the names of all classes that either meet in room R128 or have five or more students enrolled.
4.Find the names of all students who are enrolled in two classes that meet at the same time.
5.Find the names of faculty members who teach in every room in which some class is taught.
Query:
CREATE TABLE Student (
sid VARCHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY,
sname VARCHAR(50),
age INT,
major VARCHAR(20),

level VARCHAR(5)
);
CREATE TABLE Faculty (
fid VARCHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY,
fname VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE Class (
cname VARCHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY,
room VARCHAR(10),
fid VARCHAR(5) REFERENCES Faculty(fid),
time_slot VARCHAR(10)
);
CREATE TABLE Enrolled (
sid VARCHAR(5) REFERENCES Student(sid),
cname VARCHAR(10) REFERENCES Class(cname),

18
 PRIMARY KEY (sid, cname)
);
INSERT INTO Student (sid, sname, age, major, level) VALUES
('S1', 'Alice Smith', 20, 'History', 'JR'),
('S2', 'Bob Jones', 22, 'Math', 'SR'),
('S3', 'Charlie Brown', 19, 'History', 'JR'),
('S4', 'Diana Lee', 21, 'Physics', 'JR'),
('S5', 'Eve White', 23, 'History', 'SR');

INSERT INTO Faculty (fid, fname) VALUES

('F1', 'I. Teach'), ('F2', 'J. Smith'), ('F3', 'K. Brown');

INSERT INTO Class (cname, room, fid, time_slot) VALUES

('C1', 'R128', 'F1', '10AM'), ('C2', 'R130', 'F1', '2PM'),
('C3', 'R128', 'F2', '10AM'), ('C4', 'R132', 'F3', '3PM'),
('C5', 'R134', 'F2', '10AM');

INSERT INTO Enrolled (sid, cname) VALUES

('S1', 'C1'), ('S1', 'C3'), ('S2', 'C2'),
('S3', 'C1'), ('S3', 'C4'), ('S4', 'C1'),
('S4', 'C5'), ('S5', 'C2');
1. SELECT DISTINCT s.sname
FROM Student s
JOIN Enrolled e ON s.sid = e.sid
JOIN Class c ON e.cname = c.cname
JOIN Faculty f ON c.fid = f.fid
WHERE s.level = 'JR' AND f.fname = 'I. Teach';
2. SELECT MAX(s.age)
FROM Student s
LEFT JOIN Enrolled e ON s.sid = e.sid
LEFT JOIN Class c ON e.cname = c.cname
LEFT JOIN Faculty f ON c.fid = f.fid
WHERE s.major = 'History'
OR f.fname = 'I. Teach';
3. SELECT cname
FROM Class
WHERE room = 'R128'
UNION

19
 SELECT c.cname
FROM Class c
JOIN Enrolled e ON c.cname = e.cname
GROUP BY c.cname
HAVING COUNT(e.sid) >= 5;
4. SELECT DISTINCT s.sname
FROM Student s
JOIN Enrolled e1 ON s.sid = e1.sid
JOIN Enrolled e2 ON s.sid = e2.sid
JOIN Class c1 ON e1.cname = c1.cname
JOIN Class c2 ON e2.cname = c2.cname
WHERE c1.cname != c2.cname
AND c1.time_slot = c2.time_slot;
5. SELECT f.fname
FROM Faculty f
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT room
FROM Class c1
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM Class c2
WHERE c2.fid = f.fid
AND c2.room = c1.room ));
Output:
1.

sname

Alice Smith

Charlie Brown

Diana Lee

2.

MAX(s.age)

23

3.

cname

C1

C3

20
4.

sname

Alice Smith

Diana Lee

5.

fname

(none)

21
 PROGRAM-8

Question:
Consider the following relations Product (P_code, Description, Stocking_date, QtyOnHand, MinQty,
Prices, Discount, V_code) . Vendor (V_code, Name, Address, Phone). Here a vendor can supply more
than one product but a product is supplied by only one vendor. (NOTE: Identify the primary keys and
foreign key from this statement) Write SQL queries for the following:
1.List the names of all the vendors who supply more than one product.
2.List the details of the products whose prices exceed the average product price.
3.Create a view that contains Name, Address and Phone of the vendors who are currently not
supplying any product.
Query:
CREATE TABLE Vendor (
V_code INT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(100),
Address VARCHAR(255),
Phone VARCHAR(20)
);

CREATE TABLE Product (

P_code INT PRIMARY KEY,
Description VARCHAR(255),
Stocking_date DATE,
QtyOnHand INT,
MinQty INT,
Prices DECIMAL(10,2),
Discount DECIMAL(5,2),
V_code INT,
FOREIGN KEY (V_code) REFERENCES Vendor(V_code)
);
INSERT INTO Vendor (V_code, Name, Address, Phone) VALUES
(1, 'Vendor A', '123 Main St', '9876543210'), (2, 'Vendor B', '456 High St', '9876543220'),
(3, 'Vendor C', '789 Low St', '9876543230'), (4, 'Vendor D', '101 Side St', '9876543240');

22
INSERT INTO Product (P_code, Description, Stocking_date, QtyOnHand, MinQty, Prices, Discount,
V_code) VALUES
(101, 'Product X', '2024-03-01', 50, 10, 200.00, 5.00, 1),
(102, 'Product Y', '2024-03-02', 30, 5, 150.00, 10.00, 2),
(103, 'Product Z', '2024-03-03', 20, 5, 300.00, 8.00, 1);

1. SELECT V.Name
FROM Vendor V
JOIN Product P ON V.V_code = P.V_code
GROUP BY V.V_code, V.Name
HAVING COUNT(P.P_code) > 1;
2. SELECT *
FROM Product
WHERE Prices > (SELECT AVG(Prices) FROM Product);
3. CREATE VIEW InactiveVendors AS
SELECT V.Name, V.Address, V.Phone
FROM Vendor V
LEFT JOIN Product P ON V.V_code = P.V_code
WHERE P.P_code IS NULL;
SELECT * FROM InactiveVendors;
Output:
1.

Name

Vendor A

2.

P_code Description Stocking_date QtyOnHand MinQty Prices Discount V_code

103 Product Z 2024-03-03 20 5 300.00 8.00 1

3.

Name Address Phone

Vendor D 101 Side St 9876543240

23
 PROGRAM-9

Question:
Consider the following schema for a Library Database: BOOK(Book_id, Title, Publisher_Name,
Pub_Year) BOOK_AUTHORS(Book_id, Author_Name) PUBLISHER(Name, Address, Phone)
BOOK_COPIES(Book_id, Programme_id, No-of_Copies) BOOK_LENDING(Book_id,
Programme_id, Card_No, Date_Out, Due_Date) LIBRARY_PROGRAMME(Programme_id,
Programme_Name, Address) Write SQL queries to
1.Retrieve details of all books in the library – id, title, name of publisher, authors, number of copies in
each Programme, etc.
2.Get the particulars of borrowers who have borrowed more than 3 books, but from Jan 2017 to Jun
2017.
3.Delete a book in BOOK table. Update the contents of other tables to reflect this data manipulation
operation.
4.Partition the BOOK table based on year of publication.
5.Create a view of all books and its number of copies that are currently available in the Library.
Query:
CREATE TABLE BOOK (
Book_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
Title VARCHAR(255),
Publisher_Name VARCHAR(255),
Pub_Year INT
);

CREATE TABLE BOOK_AUTHORS (

Book_id INT,
Author_Name VARCHAR(255),
FOREIGN KEY (Book_id) REFERENCES BOOK(Book_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
CREATE TABLE PUBLISHER (
Name VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY,
Address VARCHAR(255),
Phone VARCHAR(20)
);

24
CREATE TABLE BOOK_COPIES (
Book_id INT,
Programme_id INT,
No_of_Copies INT,
PRIMARY KEY (Book_id, Programme_id),
FOREIGN KEY (Book_id) REFERENCES BOOK(Book_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
CREATE TABLE BOOK_LENDING (
Book_id INT,
Programme_id INT,
Card_No INT,
Date_Out DATE,

Due_Date DATE,
FOREIGN KEY (Book_id) REFERENCES BOOK(Book_id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);
CREATE TABLE LIBRARY_PROGRAMME (
Programme_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
Programme_Name VARCHAR(255),
Address VARCHAR(255)
);

INSERT INTO PUBLISHER (Name, Address, Phone) VALUES

('Pearson', '123 Main St', '9876543210'),
('O\'Reilly', '456 Tech St', '9876543220'),
('McGraw-Hill', '789 Edu St', '9876543230');

INSERT INTO BOOK (Book_id, Title, Publisher_Name, Pub_Year) VALUES

(101, 'DBMS Basics', 'Pearson', 2015),
(102, 'AI for All', 'O\'Reilly', 2018),
(103, 'Data Science 101', 'McGraw-Hill', 2020),
(104, 'Python Programming', 'Pearson', 2017);

25
INSERT INTO BOOK_AUTHORS (Book_id, Author_Name) VALUES
(101, 'Navathe'), (101, 'Korth'), (102, 'Stuart Russell'),
(103, 'Hadley Wickham'), (104, 'Guido van Rossum');

INSERT INTO LIBRARY_PROGRAMME (Programme_id, Programme_Name, Address) VALUES

(1, 'Engineering', 'Campus A'), (2, 'CS Department', 'Campus B'), (3, 'Library Central', 'Campus C');

INSERT INTO BOOK_COPIES (Book_id, Programme_id, No_of_Copies) VALUES

(101, 1, 5), (102, 2, 3), (103, 3, 7), (104, 1, 4);

INSERT INTO BOOK_LENDING (Book_id, Programme_id, Card_No, Date_Out, Due_Date)

VALUES
(101, 1, 5001, '2017-02-15', '2017-03-15'),
(101, 1, 5001, '2017-04-01', '2017-05-01'),
(102, 2, 6002, '2017-05-10', '2017-06-10'),
(103, 3, 5001, '2017-06-01', '2017-07-01'),
(104, 1, 5001, '2017-01-10', '2017-02-10'),
(104, 1, 6002, '2017-02-05', '2017-03-05');

1. SELECT B.Book_id, B.Title, B.Publisher_Name, B.Pub_Year,

GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT A.Author_Name SEPARATOR ', ') AS Authors,
C.Programme_id, P.Programme_Name, C.No_of_Copies
FROM BOOK B
LEFT JOIN BOOK_AUTHORS A ON B.Book_id = A.Book_id
LEFT JOIN BOOK_COPIES C ON B.Book_id = C.Book_id
LEFT JOIN LIBRARY_PROGRAMME P ON C.Programme_id = P.Programme_id
GROUP BY B.Book_id, B.Title, B.Publisher_Name, B.Pub_Year, C.Programme_id,
P.Programme_Name, C.No_of_Copies;
2. SELECT L.Card_No, COUNT(L.Book_id) AS Books_Borrowed
FROM BOOK_LENDING L
WHERE L.Date_Out BETWEEN '2017-01-01' AND '2017-06-30'
GROUP BY L.Card_No
HAVING COUNT(L.Book_id) > 3;
3. DELETE FROM BOOK_LENDING WHERE Book_id = 101;
DELETE FROM BOOK_COPIES WHERE Book_id = 101;
DELETE FROM BOOK_AUTHORS WHERE Book_id = 101;

-- Delete the book

DELETE FROM BOOK WHERE Book_id = 101;

26
 4. CREATE TABLE BOOK_PARTITIONED (
Book_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
Title VARCHAR(255),
Publisher_Name VARCHAR(255),
Pub_Year INT
) PARTITION BY RANGE (Pub_Year) (
PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (2000),
PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (2010),
PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (2020),
PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
);
5. CREATE VIEW Available_Books AS
SELECT B.Book_id, B.Title, SUM(C.No_of_Copies) AS Total_Available_Copies
FROM BOOK B
JOIN BOOK_COPIES C ON B.Book_id = C.Book_id
LEFT JOIN BOOK_LENDING L ON B.Book_id = L.Book_id
GROUP BY B.Book_id, B.Title;
SELECT * FROM Available_Books;

Output:
1.

Book_ Publisher_N Pub_Ye Autho Programm Programme_N No_of_Co

Title
id ame ar rs e_id ame pies

DB
Navat
MS
101 Pearson 2015 he, 1 Engineering 5
Basic
Korth
s
AI Stuart
102 for O'Reilly 2018 Russel 2 CS Department 3
All l

2.

Card_No Books_Borrowed

5001 4

3. Book details deleted

4. Partitioned the Table
5.

Book_id Title Total_Available_Copies

102 AI for All 3

27
Book_id Title Total_Available_Copies

103 Data Science 101 7

104 Python Programming 4

28
 PROGRAM-10

Question:
Consider the Company database Employee(emp_no,emp_name, age, address, doj, mobile_no,
dept_no,salary). Department (dept_no, dept_name, location, budjet). Write SQL queries to
1.Display records from Employee table whose age is between 25 and 45.
2.Display the details of all employees whose names staring with letter C
3.Display the details of all employees whose department is in the location Kochi in the decreasing
order of their salary
4.Display the name of department whose budjet is less than the total salary of all employees in that
department
5.Create a view containing the empno empname mobile no, deptnodeptname in the alphabetical order
of the department name.
Query:
CREATE TABLE Employee (
emp_no INT PRIMARY KEY,
emp_name VARCHAR(255),
age INT,

address VARCHAR(255),
doj DATE,
mobile_no VARCHAR(15),
dept_no INT,
salary DECIMAL(10,2),
FOREIGN KEY (dept_no) REFERENCES Department(dept_no) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

CREATE TABLE Department (

dept_no INT PRIMARY KEY,
dept_name VARCHAR(255),
location VARCHAR(255),
budget DECIMAL(12,2)
);

29
INSERT INTO Department (dept_no, dept_name, location, budget) VALUES
(1, 'HR', 'Mumbai', 500000),
(2, 'IT', 'Kochi', 1000000),
(3, 'Finance', 'Bangalore', 750000),
(4, 'Marketing', 'Kochi', 1200000);

INSERT INTO Employee (emp_no, emp_name, age, address, doj, mobile_no, dept_no, salary)
VALUES
(101, 'Alice', 30, 'Mumbai', '2015-03-15', '9876543210', 1, 60000),
(102, 'Bob', 40, 'Bangalore', '2018-06-20', '9876543221', 3, 75000),
(103, 'Charlie', 35, 'Kochi', '2020-01-10', '9876543232', 2, 90000),
(104, 'David', 50, 'Kochi', '2012-07-23', '9876543243', 4, 110000),
(105, 'Catherine', 28, 'Delhi', '2019-09-05', '9876543254', 1, 50000),
(106, 'Chris', 32, 'Kochi', '2021-04-15', '9876543265', 2, 95000),
(107, 'Eve', 45, 'Mumbai', '2016-11-30', '9876543276', 3, 80000);

1. SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE age BETWEEN 25 AND 45;

2. SELECT * FROM Employee WHERE emp_name LIKE 'C%';
3. SELECT E.*
FROM Employee E
JOIN Department D ON E.dept_no = D.dept_no
WHERE D.location = 'Kochi'
ORDER BY E.salary DESC;
4. SELECT D.dept_name
FROM Department D
JOIN (
SELECT dept_no, SUM(salary) AS total_salary
FROM Employee
GROUP BY dept_no
) E ON D.dept_no = E.dept_no
WHERE D.budget < E.total_salary;
5. CREATE VIEW Employee_Department_View AS
SELECT E.emp_no, E.emp_name, E.mobile_no, D.dept_no, D.dept_name
FROM Employee E
JOIN Department D ON E.dept_no = D.dept_no
ORDER BY D.dept_name;
SELECT * FROM Employee_Department_View;

30
Output:
1.

emp_no emp_name age address doj mobile_no dept_no salary

101 Alice 30 Mumbai 2015-03-15 9876543210 1 60000

102 Bob 40 Bangalore 2018-06-20 9876543221 3 75000

103 Charlie 35 Kochi 2020-01-10 9876543232 2 90000

105 Catherine 28 Delhi 2019-09-05 9876543254 1 50000

106 Chris 32 Kochi 2021-04-15 9876543265 2 95000

2.

emp_no emp_name age address doj mobile_no dept_no salary

103 Charlie 35 Kochi 2020-01-10 9876543232 2 90000

105 Catherine 28 Delhi 2019-09-05 9876543254 1 50000

106 Chris 32 Kochi 2021-04-15 9876543265 2 95000

3.

emp_no emp_name age address doj mobile_no dept_no salary

106 Chris 32 Kochi 2021-04-15 9876543265 2 95000

103 Charlie 35 Kochi 2020-01-10 9876543232 2 90000

104 David 50 Kochi 2012-07-23 9876543243 4 110000

4.

dept_name

IT

5.

emp_no emp_name mobile_no dept_no dept_name

101 Alice 9876543210 1 HR

31
emp_no emp_name mobile_no dept_no dept_name

105 Catherine 9876543254 1 HR

103 Charlie 9876543232 2 IT

106 Chris 9876543265 2 IT

102 Bob 9876543221 3 Finance

107 Eve 9876543276 3 Finance

104 David 9876543243 4 Marketing

32
 PROGRAM-11

Question:
Implementation of various control structures like IF-THEN,IF-THEN-ELSE, ,IF-THEN-ELSIF,
CASE, WHILE using PL/SQL
Query:
1. IF-THEN Statement
DECLARE
salary NUMBER := 50000;
BEGIN
IF salary > 40000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('High salary');
END IF;
END;

2. IF-THEN-ELSE Statement
DECLARE
salary NUMBER := 30000;
BEGIN
IF salary > 40000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('High salary');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Low salary');
END IF;
END;

3. IF-THEN-ELSIF Statement
DECLARE
salary NUMBER := 50000;
BEGIN
IF salary > 70000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Very High salary');
ELSIF salary > 50000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('High salary');
ELSIF salary > 30000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Medium salary');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Low salary');
END IF;
END;

4. CASE Statement
DECLARE
grade CHAR := 'B';
BEGIN
CASE grade
WHEN 'A' THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Excellent');

33
 WHEN 'B' THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Good');
WHEN 'C' THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Average');
ELSE DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Poor');
END CASE;
END;

5. WHILE Loop
DECLARE
counter NUMBER := 1;
BEGIN
WHILE counter <= 5 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Iteration: ' || counter);
counter := counter + 1;
END LOOP;
END;

6. FOR Loop
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..5 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Iteration: ' || i);
END LOOP;
END;

7. LOOP with EXIT

DECLARE
counter NUMBER := 1;
BEGIN
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Iteration: ' || counter);
counter := counter + 1;

IF counter > 5 THEN

EXIT;
END IF;
END LOOP;
END;

Output:
1. High salary
2. Low salary
3. Medium salary
4. Good
5. Iteration: 1
Iteration: 2
Iteration: 3
Iteration: 4
Iteration: 5
6. Iteration: 1
Iteration: 2
Iteration: 3

34
 Iteration: 4
Iteration: 5
7. Iteration: 1
Iteration: 2
Iteration: 3
Iteration: 4
Iteration: 5

35
 PROGRAM-12

Question:
Implementation of cursor
1.Create a table employee with empno, empname, empsal.
2.Insert values into table employee
3.Create another table temp with salary, eno and ename.
4.Write a program using cursor to find the first 5 highest paid employee and insert into temp.

Query:
1. CREATE TABLE Employee (
empno INT PRIMARY KEY,
empname VARCHAR(255),
empsal DECIMAL(10,2)
);
2. INSERT INTO Employee (empno, empname, empsal) VALUES
(101, 'Alice', 75000), (102, 'Bob', 90000), (103, 'Charlie', 85000),
(104, 'David', 95000), (105, 'Eve', 70000), (106, 'Frank', 65000),
(107, 'Grace', 80000), (108, 'Hank', 88000), (109, 'Ivy', 92000),
(110, 'Jack', 98000);
3. CREATE TABLE Temp (
salary DECIMAL(10,2),
eno INT,
ename VARCHAR(255)
);
4. DELIMITER $$

CREATE PROCEDURE GetTop5Employees()

BEGIN
-- Declare variables
DECLARE v_salary DECIMAL(10,2);
DECLARE v_eno INT;
DECLARE v_ename VARCHAR(100);
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;

-- Declare cursor for fetching top 5 salaries

DECLARE empcursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT empsal, empno, empname FROM Employee ORDER BY empsal DESC
LIMIT 5;

-- Declare exit handler

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

-- Open the cursor

36
 OPEN empcursor;

-- Loop through each row in the cursor

read_loop: LOOP
FETCH empcursor INTO v_salary, v_eno, v_ename;
IF done = 1 THEN
LEAVE read_loop;
END IF;

-- Insert into Temp table

INSERT INTO Temp (salary, eno, ename)
VALUES (v_salary, v_eno, v_ename);
END LOOP;

-- Close the cursor

CLOSE empcursor;

-- Print confirmation message

SELECT 'Top 5 highest-paid employees inserted into Temp table' AS Message;
END $$

DELIMITER ;

Output:

salary eno ename

98000 110 Jack

95000 104 David

92000 109 Ivy

90000 102 Bob

88000 108 Hank

37
 PROGRAM-13

Question:
Create a table Student(Rollno, Name, Sub1, Sub2, Sub3).
1.Insert values into the table.
2.Create another table Student_grade with Rollno, Total, percentage, grade.
3.Create a cursor to calculate total and percentage of students. Then find grade of students as given
below:
< 40% FAIL
40 - 49.99% C
50 - 59.99% B
60 - 79.99% A
>= 80% HONORS
and insert into Student_grade.
Query:
1. CREATE TABLE Student (
Rollno INT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(255),
Sub1 INT,
Sub2 INT,
Sub3 INT
);
2. INSERT INTO Student (Rollno, Name, Sub1, Sub2, Sub3) VALUES
(101, 'Alice', 85, 90, 80),
(102, 'Bob', 40, 50, 60),
(103, 'Charlie', 30, 20, 25),
(104, 'David', 55, 65, 70),
(105, 'Eve', 75, 80, 70);
3. CREATE TABLE Student_grade (
Rollno INT PRIMARY KEY,
Total INT,
Percentage DECIMAL(5,2),
Grade VARCHAR(10)
);
4. DELIMITER $$

CREATE PROCEDURE CalculateGrades()

BEGIN
DECLARE v_rollno INT;

38
DECLARE v_sub1 INT;
DECLARE v_sub2 INT;
DECLARE v_sub3 INT;
DECLARE v_total INT;
DECLARE v_percentage DECIMAL(5,2);
DECLARE v_grade VARCHAR(10);
DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;

-- Cursor to select student records

DECLARE cur CURSOR FOR
SELECT Rollno, Sub1, Sub2, Sub3 FROM Student;

-- Handle the end of data

DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = 1;

OPEN cur;

read_loop: LOOP
FETCH cur INTO v_rollno, v_sub1, v_sub2, v_sub3;

IF done = 1 THEN
LEAVE read_loop;
END IF;

-- Calculate total and percentage

SET v_total = v_sub1 + v_sub2 + v_sub3;
SET v_percentage = (v_total / 300) * 100;

-- Determine the grade

IF v_percentage < 40 THEN
SET v_grade = 'FAIL';
ELSEIF v_percentage >= 40 AND v_percentage < 50 THEN

39
 SET v_grade = 'C';
ELSEIF v_percentage >= 50 AND v_percentage < 60 THEN
SET v_grade = 'B';
ELSEIF v_percentage >= 60 AND v_percentage < 80 THEN
SET v_grade = 'A';
ELSE
SET v_grade = 'HONORS';
END IF;

-- Insert data into Student_grade table

INSERT INTO Student_grade (Rollno, Total, Percentage, Grade)
VALUES (v_rollno, v_total, v_percentage, v_grade);

END LOOP;
CLOSE cur;

END$$
DELIMITER ;

Output:

Rollno Total Percentage Grade

101 255 85.00 HONORS

102 150 50.00 B

103 75 25.00 FAIL

104 190 63.33 A

105 225 75.00 A

40
 PROGRAM-14

Question:
Procedure for bank transaction:
1. Create a table with attributes id, nm, account number and balance.
2.Write a program for bank transaction using procedure.
Query:
1. CREATE TABLE Bank (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
nm VARCHAR(255),
account_number VARCHAR(20) UNIQUE,
balance DECIMAL(10,2)
);
2. INSERT INTO Bank (id, nm, account_number, balance) VALUES
(1, 'Alice', 'ACC1001', 5000.00),
(2, 'Bob', 'ACC1002', 3000.00),
(3, 'Charlie', 'ACC1003', 10000.00);
3. DELIMITER $$

CREATE PROCEDURE BankTransaction(

IN acc_no VARCHAR(20),
IN trans_type VARCHAR(10),
IN amt DECIMAL(10,2)
)
BEGIN
DECLARE acc_balance DECIMAL(10,2);

-- Check if the account exists

SELECT balance INTO acc_balance FROM Bank WHERE account_number = acc_no;

IF acc_balance IS NULL THEN

SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000'
SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Error: Account not found!';
END IF;

-- Perform transaction based on type

IF trans_type = 'DEPOSIT' THEN
UPDATE Bank SET balance = balance + amt WHERE account_number = acc_no;
SELECT CONCAT('Deposited ', amt, '. New balance: ', balance) AS Message FROM
Bank WHERE account_number = acc_no;

ELSIF trans_type = 'WITHDRAW' THEN

IF acc_balance >= amt THEN
UPDATE Bank SET balance = balance - amt WHERE account_number = acc_no;
SELECT CONCAT('Withdrawn ', amt, '. New balance: ', balance) AS Message FROM
Bank WHERE account_number = acc_no;

41
 ELSE
SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000'
SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Error: Insufficient balance!';
END IF;

ELSE
SIGNAL SQLSTATE '45000'
SET MESSAGE_TEXT = 'Error: Invalid transaction type!';
END IF;
END $$

DELIMITER;
4. - -Deposit Example
CALL BankTransaction('ACC1001', 'DEPOSIT', 2000.00);

Output:
1. --Withdraw Example
CALL BankTransaction('ACC1002', 'WITHDRAW', 1000.00);

Withdrawn 1000. New balance: 2000.00

2. --Withdraw with Insufficient Funds

CALL BankTransaction('ACC1003', 'WITHDRAW', 12000.00);

Error: Insufficient balance!

3. Check Updated Balances

SELECT * FROM Bank;

id nm account_number balance

1 Alice ACC1001 7000.00

2 Bob ACC1002 2000.00

3 Charlie ACC1003 10000.00

42
 PROGRAM-15

Question:
Function for bank transaction:
1.Create a table customer attributes id, num, accno , bal.
2.Write a program for bank transaction using function.
Query:
1. CREATE TABLE Customer (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
num VARCHAR(255),
accno VARCHAR(20) UNIQUE,
bal DECIMAL(10,2)
);
2. INSERT INTO Customer (id, num, accno, bal) VALUES
(1, 'Alice', 'ACC1001', 5000.00),
(2, 'Bob', 'ACC1002', 3000.00),
(3, 'Charlie', 'ACC1003', 10000.00);
3. DELIMITER $$

CREATE FUNCTION BankTransaction(acc_no VARCHAR(20), trans_type VARCHAR(10),

amt DECIMAL(10,2))
RETURNS VARCHAR(255)
DETERMINISTIC
BEGIN
DECLARE acc_balance DECIMAL(10,2);
DECLARE message VARCHAR(255);

-- Check if account exists

SELECT bal INTO acc_balance FROM Customer WHERE accno = acc_no;

IF acc_balance IS NULL THEN

SET message = 'Error: Account not found!';
ELSE
-- Perform transaction based on type
IF trans_type = 'DEPOSIT' THEN
UPDATE Customer SET bal = bal + amt WHERE accno = acc_no;
SET message = CONCAT('Deposited ', amt, '. New balance: ', bal);

ELSIF trans_type = 'WITHDRAW' THEN

IF acc_balance >= amt THEN
UPDATE Customer SET bal = bal - amt WHERE accno = acc_no;
SET message = CONCAT('Withdrawn ', amt, '. New balance: ', bal);
ELSE
SET message = 'Error: Insufficient balance!';
END IF;

43
 ELSE
SET message = 'Error: Invalid transaction type!';
END IF;
END IF;

RETURN message;
END $$

DELIMITER ;

Output:
1. Deposit Example
SELECT BankTransaction('ACC1001', 'DEPOSIT', 2000.00);

Deposited 2000. New balance: 7000.00

2. Withdraw Example
SELECT BankTransaction('ACC1002', 'WITHDRAW', 1000.00);

Withdrawn 1000. New balance: 2000.00

3. Withdraw with Insufficient Funds

SELECT BankTransaction('ACC1003', 'WITHDRAW', 12000.00);

Error: Insufficient balance!

4. Check Updated Balances

SELECT * FROM Customer;

id num accno bal

1 Alice ACC1001 7000.00

2 Bob ACC1002 2000.00

3 Charlie ACC1003 10000.00

44
 PROGRAM-16

Question:
Trigger for loan generation:
1.Create a table account with attributes customerid, name and balance.
2.Create another loan with attributes cusid and amount.
3.Insert values into account table.
4.Create a trigger to check if the balance has gone below 0, if so, make necessary conditions
Query:
CREATE TABLE Account (
customerid INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(255),
balance DECIMAL(10,2)

);
CREATE TABLE Loan (
cusid INT,
amount DECIMAL(10,2),
FOREIGN KEY (cusid) REFERENCES Account(customerid)
);
INSERT INTO Account (customerid, name, balance) VALUES
(1, 'Alice', 5000.00),
(2, 'Bob', 3000.00),
(3, 'Charlie', 10000.00);
DELIMITER $$

CREATE TRIGGER CheckBalanceBeforeUpdate

AFTER UPDATE ON Account
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
-- If balance goes below 0, insert a loan entry
IF NEW.balance < 0 THEN
INSERT INTO Loan (cusid, amount)

45
 VALUES (NEW.customerid, ABS(NEW.balance));
END IF;
END $$

DELIMITER;
Output:
1. Withdraw Money Leading to Negative Balance
UPDATE Account SET balance = balance - 6000 WHERE customerid = 1;
SELECT * FROM Loan;

cusid amount

1 1000.00

2. Withdraw Another Amount

SELECT * FROM Loan;

cusid amount

1 1000.00

2 2000.00

46
 PROGRAM-17

Question:
Create a table STUDENT with attributes student_ number, student_ name and total_ marks.
1.Insert values into the table.
2.Create a TRIGGER to check whether the total_ marks is less than zero if so, then set it as zero.
Query:
CREATE TABLE STUDENT (
student_number INT PRIMARY KEY,
student_name VARCHAR(255),
total_marks INT
);
1. INSERT INTO STUDENT (student_number, student_name, total_marks) VALUES
(1, 'Alice', 85), (2, 'Bob', 92), (3, 'Charlie', 78);

2. DELIMITER $$

CREATE TRIGGER PreventNegativeMarks

BEFORE INSERT ON STUDENT
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
-- If the total_marks is less than 0, set it to 0
IF NEW.total_marks < 0 THEN
SET NEW.total_marks = 0;
END IF;
END $$

DELIMITER;

Output:
1. Insert a Student with Negative Marks
INSERT INTO STUDENT (student_number, student_name, total_marks) VALUES
(4, 'David', -20);

SELECT * FROM STUDENT;

student_number student_name total_marks

1 Alice 85

47
student_number student_name total_marks

2 Bob 92

3 Charlie 78

4 David 0

48
 PROGRAM-18

Question:
Create a table supplier with attributes supplier_ name, quantity, item_ name.
1.Enter values into the table.
2.Create a TRIGGER to check whether the quantity entered is zero if so, then delete the entire row.
Query:
CREATE TABLE SUPPLIER (
supplier_name VARCHAR(255),
quantity INT,
item_name VARCHAR(255),
PRIMARY KEY (supplier_name, item_name)
);

1. INSERT INTO SUPPLIER (supplier_name, quantity, item_name) VALUES

('ABC Suppliers', 50, 'Wheat'),
('XYZ Traders', 30, 'Rice'),
('PQR Distributors', 0, 'Sugar'); --This should be deleted by the trigger

2. DELIMITER $$

CREATE TRIGGER DeleteZeroQuantity

BEFORE INSERT ON SUPPLIER
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
-- If the quantity is 0, prevent insertion by setting the row to NULL (which removes it)
IF NEW.quantity = 0 THEN
SET NEW.supplier_name = NULL;
SET NEW.item_name = NULL;
END IF;
END $$

DELIMITER;
Output:
1. Insert a Supplier with Zero Quantity
INSERT INTO SUPPLIER (supplier_name, quantity, item_name) VALUES
('DEF Corp', 0, 'Salt');

SELECT * FROM SUPPLIER;

49
supplier_name quantity item_name

ABC Suppliers 50 Wheat

XYZ Traders 30 Rice

The row with quantity = 0 was not inserted

50
 PROGRAM-19

Question:
Write a program to check whether a given number is Armstrong or not using the concept of stored
procedure in MySQL.
Query:
DELIMITER $$

CREATE PROCEDURE CheckArmstrong(IN num INT, OUT result VARCHAR(50))

BEGIN
DECLARE sum INT DEFAULT 0;
DECLARE digit INT;
DECLARE temp INT;
DECLARE n_digits INT DEFAULT 0;

-- Copy the original number to a temp variable

SET temp = num;

-- Count the number of digits

WHILE temp > 0 DO
SET temp = temp DIV 10;
SET n_digits = n_digits + 1;
END WHILE;

-- Reset temp to original number

SET temp = num;

-- Calculate the sum of digits raised to the power of n_digits

WHILE temp > 0 DO
SET digit = temp MOD 10;
SET sum = sum + POW(digit, n_digits);
SET temp = temp DIV 10;

51
 END WHILE;

-- Check if the number is Armstrong

IF sum = num THEN
SET result = CONCAT(num, ' is an Armstrong number');
ELSE
SET result = CONCAT(num, ' is NOT an Armstrong number');
END IF;
END $$

DELIMITER;
Output:

Case 1: Check for 153

CALL CheckArmstrong(153, @output);
SELECT @output;

153 is an Armstrong number

Case 2: Check for 9474
CALL CheckArmstrong(9474, @output);
SELECT @output;

9474 is an Armstrong number

Case 3: Check for 123
CALL CheckArmstrong(123, @output);
SELECT @output;

123 is NOT an Armstrong number

52