FACULTY BUILT ENVIRONMENT

CAMPUS SERI ISKANDAR, PERAK

BUILDING SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT DBT263

GROUP: CFAP126 4D

PREPARED BY:

NAME STUDENT ID

AHMAD MUNZIR BIN MOHD BAKHTIAR 2022450698

IMRAN HAKIMI BIN MOHD MUSTAPHA 2022818586

MUHAMMAD FARISH DANIEL BIN AZMAN 2022875102

PREPARED FOR :

MISS NUR HUSNA BINTI OTHMAN

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Above all, we would like to thank and honor Allah for giving us the means to accomplish this
effort through His blessings. Despite a few issues that came up during the report's preparation,
the team members gave it their all to finish this assignment. As a result, we were able to come up
with sensible and effective solutions for every issue. Apart from that, we truly appreciate Miss
Nur Husna binti Othman, our instructor, for her unwavering support and encouragement.

We are appreciative of the lecturer for giving us these wonderful educational opportunities.
We could not have finished this task without the assistance of our team, which consists of Imran
Hakimi and Ahmad Munzir and Farish. Without them, I cannot finish this task. We work closely
together all the time to produce a top-notch report that demonstrates our total commitment and
responsibility.

Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, we would like to express our gratitude to UiTM Seri
Iskandar for giving us the opportunity to finish this report writing assignment. Finally, we want
to thank cooperating parties for their help and willingness to invest time with us so that we could
answer all of your inquiries.

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Table of Contents
SECTION A
1.0 INTRODUCTION 5
2.0 OBJECTIVE 6
3.0 INTRODUCTION 7
3.1 OBSERVATION OF THE DESIGN OF THE BUILDING 9
3.2 THE SURROUNDING AREA 10
3.3. MEASUREMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER 11
4.0 DISCUSSION 12
5.0 CONCLUSION & RECOMENDATIONS 21
6.0 REFERENCES 22

SECTION B
1.0 INTRODUCTION 25
1.1 Introduction to Measurement of The Traffic Noise 25
1.2 Noise Source in And Around Building 25
2.0 OBJECTIVE 26
3.0 INSTRUMENT AND STUFF 27
3.1 Tools 27
4.0 LOCATION28
5.0 WORK PROCEDURE OF THE MEASUREMENT 29
5.1 Measurement Procedure30
6.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 31
6.1 Result from Data Collected 31
6.2 Discussion from The Sound Level Observation 32
6.2.1 Quiet Residential Area 32
6.2.2 Normal Conversation 32
6.2.3 Consistency in Sound Levels 32
6.2.4 Implications for Comfort and Noise Management 33
6.2.5 Potential Noise Sources 33
7.0 CONCLUSION 34
8.0 REFERENCES 35

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SECTION A

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Figure 1.0.1 Satellite View of Faculty Quantity Surveyor

Figure 1.0.2 Building of FSSR Figure 1.0.3 Parking lot

The project was conducted in the FSSR Building, faculty quantity surveyor located inside of the
UiTM Seri Iskandar, Perak.. According to the observations, the classroom floors are finished
with ceramic tiles, the walls are only plastered and painted, and the tiles have a brick design with
a cylinder pillar. The classroom's door is made of plain wood with faulty hinges, and the window
is a straightforward 4 by 4 designs.

This location, outside of the class near to pavement road, was ideal for capturing the weather,
sound, and temperature. Despite the overcast weather, the temperature exceeded thirty degrees,
and despite the wind, the temperature scarcely dropped. Where students are speaking, the sound
quality is mediocre. sounds of the wind, different cars honk.

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2.0 OBJECTIVE

This report is developed based on the thermal comfort measurement of the case study building
located in FSSR Building, faculty quantity surveyor located inside of the UiTM Seri Iskandar,
Perak., The objective of this report are:

● To observe the building design and surrounding area of the case study house.
● To identify problems related to thermal comfort inside the case study building.
● To suggest passive design techniques that could improve the case study building's level
of thermal comfort.

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3.0 METHODOLOGY

The goal of the study is to determine the thermal comfort level of the passive building design
around FSSR Building, faculty quantity surveyor located inside of the UiTM Seri Iskandar,
Perak, for both inside and outside of the building's occupants. The goal of this study is to
ascertain the thermal comfort measurement, which indicates the degree of comfort in this
building, and then draw conclusions from the data to suggest remedial measures.

3.1. OBSERVATION OF THE DESIGN OF THE BUILDING

a) Types of glass/windows

It is clear by the appearance of this picture that the glass transmits light barely at all. Casement
windows are among the best energy-efficient windows on the market. Casement windows are
often kept open with a casement stay. When it comes to windows, awning windows hinge at the
top, and hopper windows hinge at the bottom. When the sash is closed, it creates a tight seal with
the entrance frame that makes it impossible for air to escape.

Casement windows are an excellent way to ventilate because they open to the side. Casement
windows provide unobstructed views because they only have one sash.

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b) Opening for natural ventilation system

The rooms on both sides openings are asymmetrical, with one being smaller than the other,
which reduces the overall airflow through them. The building lacks full wall openings on both
sides, which would have better facilitated air movement. This current opening pattern is
suboptimal for guiding air in the right direction while adapting to changing wind directions. The
low position of the openings for both the inlet and outflow indicates ineffective air circulation.
The outlet directs air outward rather than through the entire space, limiting proper ventilation for
the occupants despite the inlet's orientation towards the human surface.

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3.2. THE SURROUNDING AREA

i) The wind movement

Natural air passes over the structure, causing the air to travel over it. Because pressure is created
when a structure's height is at a right angle to the direction of the wind, pressure on a structure's
windward side is beneficial. Although the building has natural ventilation, mechanical
ventilation is also required to ensure that there are no issues with air circulation both inside and
outside the structure. Natural breezes passing over the structure cause the air to travel over it.
Even so, there are instances when the structure is perpendicular, which results in the pillar
disrupting the wind flow.

ii) Ground surface

The project location is at Bengkel kayu. The observed features include a modern glass facade
with steel frame construction, polished concrete floors in the lobby, walls with advanced
insulation and soundproofing, large panoramic windows with tinted glass, and automatic sliding
doors. The terrain includes a landscaped garden with a variety of vegetation, including trees,
shrubs, and flowers. There are wide walkways with paver stones, benches for seating, and
modern streetlights. The parking lot outside is well-organized, with marked spaces and an
asphalt surface. There is a concrete curb surrounding the garden area, providing a neat boundary
between the pavement and the greenery.

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3.3. MEASUREMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER INDOOR & OUTDOOR

To gain accurate data measurement of thermal comfort in the building and align with the
objective of the report, a field measurement using 4 in 1-meter tools was conducted on 13 June
2024, from 5:30 AM to 6:15 AM. The instruments were made to monitor and test environmental
parameters, such as temperature in degrees Celsius, light levels in lux, relative humidity (RH)
percentages, and wind speed in meters per second (m/s). It is designed to provide an efficient
way to evaluate multiple environmental parameters simultaneously. The four-in-one-meter tools
are displayed with a measurement in Figure 3.3.1.

Figure
3.3.1 : 4 in 1 meter tools Figure 3.3.2 : Measuring Tape

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11
4.0 DISCUSSION

Indoor

Table 4.1 Indoor Lux Graph

Explanation:

Indoor lux refers to sunlight entering a building through a window into a spacious room,
measured in lux. Lux represents the total amount of light reaching a surface. Lecture rooms
typically need adequate lighting to support visual tasks and improve the learning experience.

Result:

Based on the results, the highest indoor lux for the lecture room was 1923 lux at 25 minutes after
the learning session ended, while the lowest was 1048 lux at 55 minutes. The main reason for
this variation in indoor lux is the change in the sun's position over time, especially in the
evening. Additionally, the lecture room's orientation, which allows it to receive a significant
amount of sunlight, also influences the indoor lux levels.

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Table 4.2 Indoor Wind Graph

Explanation:

The standard for thermal comfort regarding air movement or wind in a Malaysian lecture room
generally adheres to the guidelines set by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and
Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) for tropical countries. These guidelines specify the air
movement or wind speed in terms of velocity. In tropical climates with cooling systems (such as
air conditioning), ASHRAE recommends an air velocity range of 0.15 to 0.25 meters per second
(30 to 50 feet per minute) for occupied spaces. However, if the lecture room lacks a cooling
system or is naturally ventilated, the recommended air velocity range can be extended to 0.2 to
0.4 meters per second (40 to 80 feet per minute).

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Result:

Based on the observations, the lecture room did not have any measurable air movement or wind,
indicating the absence of natural ventilation openings. Additionally, the windows and doors in
the room were closed, preventing air circulation. Furthermore, all mechanical ventilation
systems, including air conditioning and fans, were turned off during the air movement recording
process inside the room.

Table 4.3 Indoor Humidity Graph

Explanation:

Maintaining ideal humidity levels in buildings is crucial for ensuring occupant comfort. High
humidity can make a space feel stuffy and promote the growth of mold and mildew, which
negatively affects indoor air quality. Conversely, low humidity can cause skin irritation, dryness
of mucous membranes, and discomfort for building inhabitants. Achieving the right humidity
balance enhances the overall well-being and productivity of indoor occupants by creating a more
comfortable and conducive environment.

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Result:

Based on results that have been obtained, the humidity data that has been taken shows that the
humidity in the study room is 64.2 to 71.2. Therefore, it has been proven that the study room will
be a suitable place because it is widely accepted and controllable in terms of comfort and health.
However, there are all different humidity levels based on environment, temperature and other
factors. Generally, A relative humidity level of 40-60% is considered acceptable and healthy for
interior environments

Table 4.4 Indoor Temp Graph

Explanation:

The standard for interior room temperature depends on the type of air circulation system used.
For rooms with air conditioning, an acceptable temperature range is between 22 and 24 degrees
Celsius. However, in the absence of such a system, the room temperature will be influenced by
external factors such as air movement, varying climates, and natural ventilation. In Malaysia's
tropical climate, which is hot and humid, maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature without
air conditioning can be challenging. In such cases, the focus should be on ensuring adequate
ventilation and airflow to reduce heat build-up and maintain a comfortable environment.

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Result:

Based on results, the temperature in the room is 35.5 degrees, indicating that the study room is
quite warm. Even though their difference of comfort level based on individual preferences and
local climate condition but such high temperature can be discomforting when use the room and it

Outdoor

Table 4.5 Outdoor Lux Graph

Explanation:

The standard for outdoor lux in Malaysia is influenced by various factors such as the time of day
and weather conditions. Malaysia's environmental conditions are often unpredictable, leading to
different natural events across the country. Common occurrences include heavy rain and drought.
On a clear day, outdoor light levels can reach around 10,000 lux. Near windows, the lux level
may be around 1,000 lux, while in areas with minimal natural light, it can drop to as low as 50
lux. Therefore, light fixtures should be installed to supplement low lux levels in these locations.

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Result:

Based on the obtained data, the humidity in the study room ranges from 64.2% to 71.2%. This
range suggests that the study room provides a suitable environment, as it is widely accepted and
controllable in terms of comfort and health. However, humidity levels can vary based on
environmental factors, temperature, and other variables. Generally, a relative humidity level of
40-60% is considered acceptable and healthy for indoor environments.

Table 4.6 Outdoor Wind Graph

Explanation:

Wind is the movement of air from areas of high pressure to low pressure, primarily driven by the
sun's differential heating of the Earth's surface, which creates variations in air pressure. In
Malaysia, the Malaysian Standard MS 1553:2002 specifies the standard wind speeds used for
structural design and engineering purposes. Typically, the fundamental wind speed in Malaysia
ranges between 32.5 and 33.5 meters per second (m/s) at a height of 10 meters. These values are
crucial for calculating the design wind speed for structural assessments and ensuring that
buildings and structures can withstand wind loads effectively.

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Result:

Based on the results, the highest recorded air movement speed outside the lecture room is 4.1
m/s, while the lowest recorded speed is 2.1 m/s. This indicates that the area surrounding the
lecture room experiences sufficient air movement, providing natural ventilation. This ventilation
can enhance comfort for students during their learning process.

Table 4.7 Outdoor Humidity Graph

Explanation:

Malaysia's tropical climate is characterized by consistently high temperatures and heavy rainfall
throughout the year, resulting in naturally high levels of outdoor humidity. Annual relative
humidity typically ranges between 79% and 83%. In Kuala Lumpur, for example, relative
humidity varies slightly month-to-month, with July having the lowest at approximately 79% and
December the highest at about 83%. Due to Malaysia's maritime climate and its proximity to the

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equator, frequent rainfall and consistently high levels of atmospheric moisture contribute to the
country's overall high humidity.

Result:

Based on the observation, the highest recorded humidity outside the lecture room is 69.5%, while
the lowest recorded humidity is 55.5%. Higher humidity levels can create the sensation that the
environment is warmer than it actually is due to reduced evaporation of sweat from the body,
which can be uncomfortable, especially in high temperatures.

Moreover, high humidity can exacerbate respiratory conditions, particularly for individuals with
allergies or asthma. It can also promote the growth of bacteria, mold, and dust mites, leading to
allergic reactions and other respiratory problems. Therefore, managing indoor humidity levels is
crucial for maintaining comfort and mitigating health risks in tropical climates like Malaysia.

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 Table 4.8 Outdoor Temperature Graph

Explanation:

Malaysia experiences humid weather throughout the year, with average daily temperatures
ranging between 21°C and 32°C. There are slight variations in temperature patterns among
different regions in Malaysia. For example, in Kuala Lumpur, temperatures can reach highs of
34–35°C during the warmest months of March, April, and May. Nighttime temperatures rarely
drop below 20°C. Conversely, in Langkawi, temperatures typically range from 31.5 to 32°C
during the cooler months of December and January, and can reach highs of 37 to 38°C during the
hottest months of March and April.

Results:

The research findings indicated that the highest recorded temperature in the study area was 37.3
degrees Celsius, while the lowest was 34.5 degrees Celsius. These temperatures suggest that the
classroom is unsuitable for use as a study space due to the discomfort they would cause students.
However, this issue can be mitigated by using air flow systems such as air conditioners, fans, and
other cooling devices.

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5.0 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusion:

Our reports have demonstrated that outdoor environments in Malaysia exhibit higher levels of
noise, varying weather conditions, and temperatures compared to indoor settings. This disparity
can be attributed to Malaysia's unpredictable weather patterns, where mornings may be hot and
sunny while evenings bring rain or thunderstorms. Outdoor noises, including wind, vehicle
sounds, and human activity, contribute to discomfort and distractions. In contrast, indoor
environments, particularly in empty classrooms as observed, experience minimal disturbances.

These findings highlight the challenges that outdoor conditions pose to students, lecturers, and
staff, causing discomfort from temperature fluctuations, moisture from rain, and distractions due
to noise. Understanding these factors is crucial for informed decision-making in building
projects, including site selection based on weather conditions, temperature control
considerations, protection from adverse weather, and noise mitigation strategies.

Recommendations:

To ensure a comfortable indoor environment, effective control of indoor thermal conditions is

essential. This can be achieved through well-designed and operated HVAC (Heating,
Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems that regulate temperature, humidity, and airflow.
Considering individual factors such as age, gender, activity levels, and clothing preferences is
vital as these can influence thermal comfort preferences. Implementing solutions such as
programmable thermostats or localized cooling/heating units can cater to diverse thermal needs
and enhance overall comfort.

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Promoting sustainable building practices involves prioritizing energy efficiency alongside
thermal comfort considerations. Adopting energy-saving techniques like robust insulation,
efficient HVAC systems, and passive design principles not only reduces energy consumption but
also maintains optimal thermal comfort levels. Developing healthy indoor spaces requires a
holistic approach to thermal comfort management, encompassing the expertise of designers,
engineers, and facility managers to integrate various factors and implement effective solutions.

By addressing these recommendations, stakeholders can enhance thermal comfort, promote

energy efficiency, and ensure occupant well-being in building environments across Malaysia.

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 6.0 REFERENCES
1. World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal. (n.d.).
https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/malaysia/climate-data-
historical#:~:text=Malaysia%20has%20a%20tropical%20climate,hottest
%20months%20of%20the%20year
2. Solano, J., Caamaño-Martín, E., Olivieri, L., & Almeida-Galárraga, D. (2021).
HVAC systems and thermal comfort in buildings climate control: An experimental
case study. Energy Reports, 7, 269–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.06.045
3. ver. (2017). Advantages and Disadvantages of Casement Windows. Sahara Window
and Doors. https://saharawindowanddoors.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-
casement-windows/
4. Favero, M., Luparelli, A., & Carlucci, S. (2023). Analysis of subjective thermal
comfort data: A statistical point of view. Energy and Buildings, 281, 112755.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112755
5. uilding Orientation | Sustainability Workshop. (n.d.).
https://sustainabilityworkshop.venturewell.org/buildings/building-orientation.html
6. Orientation | YourHome. (n.d.).
https://www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/orientation#:~:text=Good
%20orientation%20can%20significantly%20improve,%2C%20passive%20cooling
%2C%20or%20both

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SECTION B

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Noise pollution refers to the harmful or annoying levels of noise in the environment. It is an
undesirable or excessive sound that can have adverse effects on human health, wildlife, and
environmental quality. Major sources of noise pollution include transportation systems (motor
vehicles, aircraft, trains), industrial activities, construction work, and urban development. Noise
pollution can lead to various health issues such as stress, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and
cardiovascular problems.

Decibel, or dB, measurement of volume intensity is the primary method used to quantify traffic
noise. Evaluations are conducted using the A-weighting system since the human ear is more
sensitive to certain frequencies (dBA). Among these are the maximum sound level, which is the
highest possible sound level, and the corresponding continuous sound level, which is the average
sound level throughout time. The Day-Night Average Sound Level (Ldn), an additional index,
introduces a fee for noise pollution during the night because it has a significantly greater impact
on people's health.

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2.0 OBJECTIVES

The objective of the noise measurement test conducted for this assignment project are as follows:

● To observe the factors which can affect the noise level in the UITM campus (traffic or
construction noise).
● To measure the noise level in the UiTM Perak campus.
● To identify whether the noise level is acceptable based on Department of Environment
(DOE) recommendations.

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3.0 INSTRUMENT AND STUFFS INVOLVED

NO. DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

1. It is possible to determine the precise

location of the phone with respect to
a certain location outside the room
by using measuring tape. It is
advised to keep a minimum of 3
meters and a maximum of 1.5 meters
between the wall and the window
when measuring noise levels.

Figure 3.0.1: measuring tape

2. It is possible to measure sound levels

effectively with a device called a
Sound Level Meter (SLM). This
device continuously measures sound
pressure levels and responds to
sound in a manner akin to that of the
human ear. The SLM displays noise
reference and decibel levels based on
the gauge and has a broad frame with
Figure 3.0.2: Sound level Meter an appealing, straightforward
appearance. Because it shows
decibel levels at the bottom, middle,
and top of the scale, it makes it easy
to properly analyze and regulate
noise.

3.
to measure the amount of time that
elapses between its activation and
deactivation. A digital stopwatch
Sped-up stopwatch animation. The
text below the image shows the time
that corresponds to the movement of
the indicator around the stopwatch.

Figure 3.0.3: stopwatch

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 Table 3.0: instruments used and description

4.0 LOCATION

The FSSR Building, a faculty quantity surveyor's office housed inside the UiTM Seri Iskandar,
Perak, is the structure we have selected. The building is located close to Perpustakaan Tun Abdul
Razak (PTAR) and the Department of Building and Estate Management, as shown in the above
map. We decided to test the sound level in one of the tutorial rooms. The faculty quantity
surveyor's tutorial room was situated inside the FSSR Building. Up to 30 people, including
lecturers, can fit in the room for a lecture class. A critical component of designing cozy and
effective indoor spaces is thermal comfort testing. It entails analyzing and rating the sound that
people perceive in a variety of environments, including cars, buildings, and outdoor areas.

Figure 6.1 Satellite View of Faculty Quantity Surveyor

Figure 6.2 Parking lot

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5.0 WORK PROCEDURE

Accurate and reliable data are obtained from sound testing utilizing a sound level meter and a
methodical approach. in the context of this assignment project. To obtain an accurate and
satisfactory result, there are a few processes involved in the sound level measurement.

NO. DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

1. Preparation Assemble all required tools. The

two most important tools to begin
the observation are a measuring tape
and an app for sound level meters.
During the measurement, the
program will log and show the
lowest, mean, and maximum decibel
levels.

2. Sound Place a sponge over the sound level

measurement meter's microphone to protect it.
Aim the microphone towards the
road, the sound source. Set a
stopwatch for one minute, then turn
on the meter to measure sound
levels. Observe the readings on the
meter's screen for analysis.

3. Data recording To include in the data, other group

members must tally the noise
source, which might be adjacent
automobiles, motorcycles, or binds.
Note how frequently each source of
sound appears. Record the
measurements. and take the data of
both the sound level readings and
the amount of time that has passed
since the test began.. During the
course of one minute, record the
highest reading you can.

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4. Repeat method For the next thirty minutes, repeat
the measurement procedure, noting
the amount of time that passes, the
sound level, and the number of
sound sources. to be discussed and
included in the report. Ensure that
during the measurement process, all
pertinent information and data are
accurately collected.

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6.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

6.1 Result that we obtained are shown below:

Time Value Remark

4:33:18 PM 50.2 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:35:18 PM 50.5 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:37:18 PM 52.8 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:39:18 PM 53.8 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:41:18 PM 52 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:43:18 PM 60.2 dB Normal Conversation
4:45:18 PM 53.3 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:47:18 PM 50.7 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:49:18 PM 50.5 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:51:18 PM 51 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:53:18 PM 56.8 dB Normal Conversation
4:55:18 PM 52.4 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:57:18 PM 46.9 dB Quiet Residential Area
4:59:18 PM 50.9 dB Quiet Residential Area
5:01:18 PM 54.2 dB Quiet Residential Area
5:03:18 PM 52.8 dB Quiet Residential Area
5:05:18 PM 52.2 dB Quiet Residential Area
5:07:18 PM 51.9 dB Quiet Residential Area
5:09:18 PM 51.4 dB Quiet Residential Area
5:11:18 PM 47.8 dB Quiet Residential Area
Average 52.44 dB Quiet Residential Area

6.2. Discussion from The Sound Level Observation

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The sound level observations taken outside the room reveal interesting insights into the area's
ambient noise levels. The majority of the sound levels, which varied from 46.9 dB to 60.2 dB,
fell between 50 and 54 dB, suggesting a somewhat peaceful atmosphere.

6.2.1. Quiet Residential Area

Most the recorded sound levels are between 46.9 and 52.8 dB, which is typical for a peaceful
residential neighborhood. This level of sound is typical of places where there is little to no
human activity; this could be because the observation was made at a time when people are often
not at home or because the area is remote from busy highways and intersections. These values
indicate a calm outdoor environment with low ambient noise, most likely from natural noises
like birds chirping or the wind rustling.

6.2.2. Normal Conversation

A couple occasions saw the sound pressure level rise to 60.2 db. This depicts a brief period of
elevated human activity, such as individuals chatting or strolling nearby. This range of sound
level in an outdoor environment might also signal neighboring construction sites or passing cars.
Normal conversation sound levels, which range from 56.8 to 60.2 dB, emphasize sporadic
interactions or occurrences that momentarily increase background noise. When people
congregate or pass by in an outdoor area, these spikes are frequently seen.

6.2.3. Consistency in Sound Levels

Consistent sound levels are between 50 and 54 decibels, indicating a consistent and peaceful
atmosphere. The absence of variations indicates that no loud or disruptive activities occurred
throughout the observation period. This constancy is vital in determining the area's baseline
noise level. It suggests that the atmosphere is relatively peaceful, and any deviation from this
baseline may be easily identified and analyzed.

6.2.4. Implications for Comfort and Noise Management

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The recorded sound levels are within a range that most people perceive to be comfortable. Levels
below 60.2 decibels are usually not disruptive to outdoor activities or conversations. These
observations serve as a baseline for urban planners and environmental noise managers.
Maintaining sound levels within this range can improve people' quality of life, indicating that
any modifications to the region should try to preserve the low noise environment.

6.2.5. Potential Noise Sources

The primary sources of the reported noise levels are rarely human activity, distant traffic, and
ambient noise. The absence of loud noises suggests that there aren't any nearby high-decibel
sources, such as loud traffic or industrial noise. When developing measures for noise abatement,
it can be helpful to know where these sound levels are coming from. Measures might be done,
for instance, to lessen the high level caused by particular events or activities on the overall sound
environment

7.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

33
The study concludes that road traffic has a major impact on noise levels in the locations we
examined. The measured noise levels indicate that there is a lot of noise, which may negatively
affect the environment's noise level and make life less enjoyable for those who live there. The
sound of moving traffic, particularly large trucks and frequent honking, raises the noise levels,
particularly during peak traffic hours. Long-term exposure to loud noise can lead to health
concerns such as stress, insomnia, and hearing impairments.

We suggest a few more strategies for implementation, such as enforcing the speed limit
limitation in the region to reduce vehicle noise because passing cars are compelled to slow down.
Additionally, impose a "no honk zone" restriction to prevent automobiles from honking while in
the vicinity.

8.0 REFERENCE

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1. Extech 45170 4-in-1 Environmental Meter Extech Instruments Test and Measurement
Products Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Shah Alam Supplier, Retailer, Wholesaler | LELab Sdn
Bhd. (n.d.). https://www.labequipmentsupplier.com.my/showproducts/productid/2898594/
Extech-45170-4-in-1-Environmental-Meter.html

2. Debnath, A., Singh, P. K., & Banerjee, S. (2022). Vehicular traffic noise modelling of
urban area—a contouring and artificial neural network-based approach. Environmental
Science and Pollution Research International, 29(26), 39948–39972.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17577-1

3. Grubesa, S., & Suhanek, M. (2021). Traffic Noise. In IntechOpen eBooks.

https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92892

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