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Mutual Impedance Example

The document explains the calculation of mutual impedance 𝑍12 by injecting current at bus 1 and measuring voltage at bus 2 with all other sources deactivated. It provides an example calculation using specific input data for a Yy5 transformer, detailing the steps to compute transfer values and the resulting impedances. The final results for mutual impedances 𝑍12 and 𝑍21 are presented along with alternative perspectives on the two-port element model.

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tosikur rahman
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0 views

Mutual Impedance Example

The document explains the calculation of mutual impedance 𝑍12 by injecting current at bus 1 and measuring voltage at bus 2 with all other sources deactivated. It provides an example calculation using specific input data for a Yy5 transformer, detailing the steps to compute transfer values and the resulting impedances. The final results for mutual impedances 𝑍12 and 𝑍21 are presented along with alternative perspectives on the two-port element model.

Uploaded by

tosikur rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General Definition

To calculate the mutual impedance 𝑍12 , a current is injected to bus 1 and the voltage at bus 2 is
calculated, while all other sources in the system are deactivated (voltage sources short-circuited and
current sources are open-circuited).

1 2 1 2

𝑈2 𝑈1
𝑍21 = 𝐼q1
and 𝑍12 = 𝐼q2

Example Calculation

Checking the example with the Yy5 transformer from the example project, we will show the hand
calculation. Please note, due to a better view, all resistance are set to zero.

1 2 1 2

Input Data:

𝑈1 = 2 kV 𝑥T = 0.01 p. u. 𝑋Q2 = 𝑋Q1 = 1 Ohm


𝑈2 = 1 kV 𝑆T = 100 kVA
𝑡 = 2 < 150°

Calculation of the transfer values:


(𝑈1 )² (2 kV)² 2
𝑋T = 𝑥T = 0.01 100 kVA = 0.4 Ohm 𝑋Q2,t = 𝑋Q2 ∙ |𝑡| = 4 Ohm
𝑆T
1
(𝑈 )² (1 kV)² 𝑋Q1,t = 𝑋Q1 ∙ = 0.25 Ohm
𝑋T,t = 𝑥T 𝑆2 = 0.01 100 kVA = 0.1 Ohm |𝑡|2
T 𝑈1 𝐼1
𝑈2,t = 𝑈2 ∙ 𝑡 , 𝑈1,t =∙ / 𝐼2,T,t = 𝐼2 ∙ 𝑡 ∗ , 𝐼1,t =∙
𝑡 𝑡∗
1 2

2 1

Current divider Current divider


= =

Calculation:

𝐼1,T 1Ω 𝐼2,T 1Ω
𝐼q1
= 0.4 Ω+4 Ω+1 Ω = 0.185 𝐼q2
= 0.1 Ω+0.25 Ω+1 Ω = 0.74

𝐼1,T = 0.185 ∙ 𝐼q1 𝐼2,T = 0.74 ∙ 𝐼q2

1
𝑈2,t = 𝐼1,T ∙ j𝑋Q2,t → 𝑈2 = 𝐼1,T ∙ j𝑋Q2,t ∙ 𝑡 𝑈1,t = 𝐼2,T ∙ j𝑋Q1,t → 𝑈1 = 𝐼2,T ∙ j𝑋Q1,t ∙ 𝑡

1 |𝑡|2 𝑋 𝑡
𝑈2 = 𝐼1,T ∙ j(𝑋Q2 ∙ |𝑡|2 ) ∙ 𝑡 = 0.185 ∙ 𝐼q1 ∙ j𝑋Q2 ∙ 𝑡
𝑈1 = 𝐼2,T ∙ j ( |𝑡|Q12 ) ∙ 𝑡 = 0.74 ∙ 𝐼q2 ∙ j𝑋Q1 ∙ |𝑡|2

Note: 𝑡 = 2 < 150° and 𝑡 ∗ = 2 < −150°

2
𝑈2 |𝑡|
𝑍21 = = 0.185 ∙ j𝑋Q2 ∙ = 0.185 ∙ j1 Ω ∙ 2 < −150° = 0.37 Ohm < −60°
𝐼q1 𝑡

𝑈1 𝑡 1
𝑍12 = = 0.74 ∙ j ∙ 𝑋Q1 ∙ ∗ = 0.74 ∙ j1 Ω ∙ = 0.37 Ohm < −120°
𝐼q2 𝑡 ∙𝑡 2 < −150°

Alternative point of view: Two-port element

𝐼1os
𝑈1os 𝑈 𝑍11 𝑍12 𝐼 𝑍h + 𝑍os 𝑍h
( ) = ( 1os
′ )=( ) ∙ ( 1os
′ )=( ′
) ∙ (𝐼1us )
𝑡 ∙ 𝑈1us 𝑈1us 𝑍21 𝑍22 𝐼1us 𝑍h 𝑍h + 𝑍us
𝑡∗

𝑍h
𝑍h + 𝑍os
𝑈1os 𝑡∗ 𝐼1os
( )= ′
∙( )
𝑈1us 𝑍h 𝑍h + 𝑍us 𝐼1us
( 𝑡 |𝑡|² )

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