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Architectural-Styles-and-Patterns-in-Software-Engineering

The document discusses various architectural styles and patterns in software engineering, highlighting their definitions, advantages, and disadvantages. Key architectures covered include Monolithic, Microservices, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), Event-Driven, Serverless, Layered, and Model-View-Controller (MVC). It emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate architecture based on business needs and the continuous evolution of technology in software design.

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3 views

Architectural-Styles-and-Patterns-in-Software-Engineering

The document discusses various architectural styles and patterns in software engineering, highlighting their definitions, advantages, and disadvantages. Key architectures covered include Monolithic, Microservices, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), Event-Driven, Serverless, Layered, and Model-View-Controller (MVC). It emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate architecture based on business needs and the continuous evolution of technology in software design.

Uploaded by

yashwanthindiak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Architectural Styles

and Patterns in
Software Engineering
Software architecture is the fundamental structure and design of a software
system, defining how its components interact and work together. In the ever-
evolving world of software development, various architectural styles and
design patterns have emerged to address the challenges faced by engineers
and organizations. This presentation will explore the key architectural styles
and patterns that have profoundly influenced the software industry, providing
insights into their characteristics, advantages, and use cases.
Monolithic Architecture
Definition Advantages Disadvantages
Monolithic architecture is a traditional Simplicity in design and deployment Scalability challenges as the
software design pattern where all the Easier to test and debug the entire application grows
components of an application are tightly application Difficulty in maintaining and updating
coupled and deployed as a single, self- individual components
Efficient resource utilization
contained unit. The application's entire
Tight coupling between components
codebase, including the user interface,
can lead to increased complexity
business logic, and data access, are
combined into a single, executable
program.
Microservices Architecture
Decoupled Services
In a microservices architecture, the application is broken Resilience and Scalability
down into smaller, independent services, each responsible for If one microservice fails, the rest of the application can
a specific business capability or function. These services continue to function, improving overall system resilience.
communicate with each other through well-defined APIs, Microservices also allow for selective scaling, where high-
allowing for greater flexibility and modularity. traffic components can be scaled independently.

1 2 3

Autonomous Deployment
Microservices can be developed, deployed, and scaled
independently, enabling teams to work on different parts of
the application simultaneously without affecting the overall
system. This promotes agility and faster time-to-market.
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

Modular Design Interoperability


SOA is an architectural style that structures an application as SOA enables interoperability between different systems and
a collection of loosely coupled, reusable services. Each technologies by using standard communication protocols,
service is self-contained, performing a specific business such as SOAP or REST, to facilitate the exchange of data and
function and exposing a well-defined interface for other functionality between services.
components to interact with.

Reusability Scalability
Services in a SOA can be reused across multiple applications, SOA allows for the scaling of individual services based on
reducing development time and costs. This promotes a more demand, rather than scaling the entire application. This
efficient use of IT resources and fosters a culture of software improves the overall scalability and performance of the
reuse. system.
Event-Driven Architecture

Asynchronous Reactive Scalable Intelligent


In an event-driven architecture, Event-driven architectures are By using event brokers or Event-driven architectures
components communicate inherently reactive, where message queues to manage enable the integration of
with each other by generating components can respond to the flow of events, event-driven advanced analytics and
and responding to events, events in real-time, adapting architectures can scale more machine learning, as the
rather than making direct their behavior and triggering easily, as components can be continuous flow of events can
function calls. This further events as needed. This added or removed without be leveraged to gain real-time
asynchronous approach makes the system more affecting the overall system. insights and drive intelligent
decouples the sender and responsive and flexible. decision-making.
receiver, promoting scalability
and resilience.
Serverless Architecture
Function as a Service (FaaS)
Serverless architectures, such as AWS Lambda, Google Cloud
1 Functions, and Azure Functions, allow developers to run their
code in response to events or requests without the need to
manage the underlying infrastructure.

Automatic Scaling
Serverless platforms automatically scale the resources
2 required to execute the code, removing the burden of scaling
and provisioning from the developer. This allows for a more
efficient and cost-effective use of computing resources.

Event-Driven
Serverless functions are typically triggered by events, such as
3
HTTP requests, database changes, or message queue updates,
enabling a highly reactive and event-driven architecture.
Layered Architecture

1 Separation of Concerns 2 Independent Development


A layered architecture separates an application into Layers can be developed, tested, and deployed
distinct, logical layers, each responsible for a specific set independently, allowing for more efficient and agile
of responsibilities or concerns. This promotes modularity, software development. Changes in one layer typically do
maintainability, and testability. not affect the other layers.

3 Reusability and Flexibility 4 Scalability and Performance


The modular nature of a layered architecture enables the Layers can be scaled independently based on their specific
reuse of components across different applications or resource requirements, allowing for more efficient
projects. It also provides flexibility in terms of technology utilization of computing resources and improved system
choices and implementation details within each layer. performance.
Model-View-Controller (MVC)
Pattern
Model Responsible for managing the
data and the business logic of the
application. It encapsulates the
core functionality and data
structures.

View Responsible for presenting the


data to the user and handling user
interactions. It is the visual
representation of the application.

Controller Acts as an intermediary between


the Model and the View, handling
user input, updating the Model,
and rendering the appropriate
View.

The MVC pattern promotes separation of concerns, testability, and


maintainability by clearly defining the responsibilities of each component. It is
a widely adopted architectural pattern in web and mobile application
development.
Conclusion and Key Takeaways

1 Architectural Diversity 2 Aligning with Business Needs


The software engineering field has evolved to encompass The choice of architectural style should be driven by the
a wide range of architectural styles and design patterns, specific requirements and constraints of the business,
each with its own strengths, weaknesses, and use cases. considering factors such as scalability, maintainability,
Understanding these different approaches is crucial for development agility, and cost-effectiveness.
making informed decisions when designing and
implementing software systems.

3 Continuous Evolution 4 Importance of Architectural Thinking


As technology and best practices continue to evolve, Developing a strong foundation in architectural styles and
software architects must stay vigilant and adapt their design patterns equips software engineers with the
architectural approaches to ensure their systems remain necessary tools and mindset to tackle complex software
relevant, efficient, and able to meet the changing demands challenges and design systems that are robust, scalable,
of the business. and maintainable.

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