DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL

NERUL, NAVI MUMBAI

CHAPTER 2 -MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE

1. A body starts from rest and travels with uniform acceleration on a straight line. If
its velocity after making a displacement of 32 m is 8 m/s, its acceleration is
(a) 1 m/s² (b) 2 m/s² (c) 3 m/s² (d) 4 m/s²

Ans:a
2. What is the ratio of the average acceleration during the intervals OA and AB in the
velocity-time graph as shown below?

(a) ½ (b) ⅓ (c) 1 (d) 3

Ans:b

3. If a car travels (2/5) th of the total distance with a speed 10m/s and (3/5) th of the
distance with a speed 20m/s. The average speed is given by
(a) 15/7 m/s (b) 200/7 m/s (c) 100/7 m/s (d) 10/7 m/s

V(ave)=100/7
Ans:c
4. What does the displacement of the particle shown in the graph indicate?
 (a) It indicates a constant velocity
(b) It indicates a constant acceleration
(c) It indicates that the particle starts with a constant velocity and is accelerated
(d) It indicates that the motion is retarded and the particle stops
Ans:d
5. A particle is moving with a constant speed along a straight line path. A force is not
required to
(a) change its direction (b) increase its speed
(c) decrease its momentum (d) keep it moving with uniform velocity
Ans:d
6. The distance travelled by an object is directly proportional to the time taken. Its
acceleration
(a) increases (b) decreases (c) becomes zero (d) remains constant
Ans:c
7. The motion of a particle along a straight line is given by x = 8 + 12t – t3 where x is in
metre and t is in second. The retardation of the particle when its velocity becomes zero
is
(a) 8 m/s2 (b) – 3 m/s2 (c) 12 m/s2 (d) – 6 m/s2

Putting v=0, t=2s a=12m/s2

Ans:c
8. A particle, at rest starts, from origin O & moves with uniform acceleration along the
positive x – axis .
Identify the graphs that correctly represent the motion of the particle

(a) A (b) A, B, D (c) B, C (d) A, B, C

9. The V-t graphs of two objects make angle 30° and 60° with the time axis. What is
the ratio of their accelerations.
(a) 1:1 (b) 1:3 (c) 1:2 (d) 3:1
10. A car is moving along x-axis. As shown in figure it moves from O to P in 18
seconds and return from P to Q in 6 second. What are the average velocity and
average speed of the car in going from O to P and back to Q?
 (a) 10m/s & 20m/s (b) 20m/s & 20m/s
(c) 10m/s &10m/s (d) 0 & 20m/s
11. A ball thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 19.6 ms-1 from the top of a tower
returns to the earth in 6s. Find the height of the tower (g = 9.8 m/s2)
(a) 48.8 m (b) 68.4 m (c) 58.8 m (d) 196 m
12. A particle is thrown upwards. It attains a height (h) after 5 seconds and again after
9s come back to the same height h. What is the speed of the particle at the height h?
(a) 9.8 m/s (b) 19.6m/s (c) 44.1m/s (d) 29.4 m/s
13. The acceleration 'a' in m/s2 of a particle is given by a = 3t2 + 2t + 2 where t is the
time. If the particle starts out with a velocity u= 2m/s at t=0, then the velocity at the
end of 2 second is ---------------
(a) 12 m/s (b) 18 m/s (c) 27 m/s (d) 36 m/s.

14. The displacement in meters of a body varies with time t in second as y = t2 – t – 2.

The displacement is zero for a positive of t equal to
(a) 1 s (b) 2 s (c) 3 s (d) 4 s
15. The graph between displacement and time for a particle moving with uniform
acceleration is a/an
(a) parabola (b) ellipse
(c) straight line parallel to time axis (d) straight line with a positive slope

16. A body covers 16, 18, 20, 22 meters in 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th seconds respectively.
Which of the following statements is true about the body?
(a) The body moves with a uniform velocity from rest
(b) The body from rest moves with uniform acceleration
(c) The body moves with an initial velocity and moves with uniform acceleration
(d) The body moves with an initial velocity and then moves with uniform velocity
17. Given here is a velocity-time graph of the motion of a body. What is the distance
travelled by the body during the motion?

(a) (1/2)(OA+AB)×BC (b) (1/2)(OA+BC)×OC

(c) (½)(OC+AB)×AD (d) (1/2)(AD+BE)×OC
18. A lift is coming from 8th floor and is just about to reach 4th floor. Taking ground
floor as origin and positive direction upwards for all quantities, which one of the
 following is correct?
(a) x < 0, v < 0, a > 0 (b) x > 0, v < 0, a < 0
(c) x > 0, v < 0, a > 0 (d) x > 0, v > 0, a < 0

The time rate of change of velocity of an object is called acceleration of the object.
It is a vector quantity. Its direction is same as that of change in velocity (Not of the
velocity).
19. The displacement of a particle is given by x = (t- 2)2 where x is in metres and t in
seconds. The distance covered by the particle in first 4 seconds is
(a) 4 m
(b) 8 m
(c) 12 m
(d) 16 m

20. A graph of x versus t is shown in figure. Choose the correct alternatives given
below.
(a) The particle was released from rest at t =0
(b) At B, the acceleration a >0
(c) At C, the velocity and the acceleration vanish.
(d) Average velocity for the motion between Aand D is positive.
(e) The speed at D exceeds that at E

(a) a,c (b) a,c e (c) c, d, e (d) a, d, e.

Directions: The question numbers 21 to 25 consist of two statements one labelled

Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these
questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
(a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) If both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) If A is true but R is false
(d) If A is false and R is also false
21. A : When the velocity of an object is zero at an instant, the acceleration need not to
be zero at that instant.
R : In motion under gravity, the velocity of body is zero at the top-most point.
Ans:a
22. A : If speed of a particle is never zero then it may have zero average speed.
R : The average speed of a moving object in a closed path is zero.
Ans:d
23. A : It is not possible to have constant velocity and variable acceleration.
 R : Accelerated body cannot have constant velocity.
Ans:a
24. A : The area under acceleration-time graph is equal to velocity of object.
R : For an object moving with constant acceleration position-time graph is a straight
line.
Ans:d
25. Assertion : A body may be accelerated even when it is moving uniformly.
Reason : When direction of motion of the body is changing, the body must have
acceleration.
Ans:a
2 Marks Questions
1. The displacement x of a particle along x-axis is given by x= 3+8t + 7 t2 .Obtain its
velocity and acceleration at t = 2s.

2. A motor car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly for 10s to a velocity of 20
ms–1. it then runs at a constant speed and is finally brought to rest in 40m with a
constant acceleration. Total distance covered is 640 m. Find the value of
acceleration retardation and total time taken.

S2=640-140=500m
3.
Acceleration-time graph of a body is shown below.
The corresponding velocity-time graph of the same body is :

Acceleration=a=dv/dt
 0=dv/dt v=Constant

4. The reaction time for an automobile driver is 0.6s.If the automobile can be
decelerated at 5ms-2, calculate the total distance travelled in coming to stop from an
initial velocity of 30kmh-1 ,after a signal is observed.

3 Marks Questions
1. A parachutist bails out from an aeroplane and after dropping through a distance of
40m,he opens the parachute and decelerate at 2ms-2. If he reaches the ground with a
speed of 2ms-1, how long he is in the air? At what height did he bail out from the
plane?
2. Four balls are dropped from the top of a tower at intervals of one-one second. The
first ball reaches the ground after 4s of dropping. What are the distances between
first and second, second and third, third and fourth balls at this instant?

3. A ball is thrown upwards with an initial velocity of 100ms-1.After how much time
will it return? Draw velocity –time graph for the ball and find from the graph:
(a) The maximum height attained by the ball and
(b) Height of the ball after 15s.Take g = 10ms-2
4. Figure shows the position –time graphs of three cars A, B and C. On the basis of the
graphs, answer the following questions:
(a) Which car has the highest speed and which the lowest?
(b) Are the three cars ever at the same point on the road?
(c) When A passes C, where is B?
(d) How far did car A travel between the time it passed cars B and C ?
(e) What is the relative velocity of car ‘C’ with respect to car ‘A’?
(f) What is the relative velocity of car ‘B’ with respect to car C?
5. A body covers 12m in 2nd second and 20m in 4th second. How much distance will
it cover in 4 seconds after the 5th second?

6. A car accelerates from rest at a constant rate α for some time, after which it
decelerates at a constant rate β to come to rest. If the total time elapsed is t second,
then calculate :
(a) The maximum velocity attained by the car and
(b) The total distance travelled by the car in terms of α, β and t.
 Under gravity, acceleration is 9.8 m/s² and is denoted by g. In the absence of air
resistance, all bodies fall with the same acceleration near the surface of the earth.
Let a body be projected vertically upwards with an initial velocity u. As it moves
upwards its acceleration is taken as −g. As the body goes up its velocity decreases
and finally becomes zero (v = 0) when it reaches maximum height.
(i) The maximum height attained by a body thrown vertically upward with initial
velocity u is
(a) h=u2/2g (b) h=u/2g (c ) h=u2/g (d) h= 2u2/g
(ii) The total time of flight to come back to the point of projection of a body
thrown vertically upward with initial velocity u is
(a) t= 2u/3g (b) t= u/2g (c ) t= 2u/g (d) t= u2/2g
(iii) For a freely falling body, which of the following equation is incorrect?
(a) h-ut =(1/2) gt2 (b) v2 – u2 =2gh
2
(c ) h = (1/2) ut +gt (d) (v-u)/g = t
(iv) The time of ascent of a body thrown vertically upward with initial velocity u is
(a) t= u/2g (b) t= u/g (c) t= u2/g (d) t= u/g2
(OR)
The velocity of fall at the point of projection of a body thrown vertically
upward with initial velocity u is
(a) v = u (b) v = 2u (c ) v = 3u (d) v = 4u
2. Graphs are often the best way to convey descriptions of real world events in a
compact form. Graphs of motion come in several types depending on which of the
kinematic quantities (time, position, velocity, acceleration) are assigned to which
axis.
There are some standard graphs like straight line, parabola, hyperbola, ellipse,
circle, periodic, exponential etc. which are formed on the basis of relation between
the variables.
(i) The displacement -time graph of a moving particle is shown below. The
instantaneous velocity of the particle is negative at the point-

(a) C (b) D (c) E (d) F

(ii) The velocity -time graph of a moving particle is shown below. Total
displacement
of the particle during the time interval when there is non- zero acceleration and
retardation is-
(a) 50 m (b) 40 m (c) 60 m (d) 30 m
(iii)Which of the following graphs gives the equation x=v0t+1/2at2

Ans:b
(iv)The relation between time(t) and position(x) for a moving object is given by
t=2αx2.
Where α is constant. The shape of graph between t and x will be-
(a)parabola (b)hyperbola (c)straight line (d)ellipse