RIONDONG’A HIGH SCHOOL

P.O BOX 136-40200, KISII

E-mail: [email protected]

TRIAL 1 2024

Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education

Name………………………………………………………………… ADM NO…………………
SIGN ……….…… Date……….…

231/2
BIOLOGY
PAPER 2
FORM 4
2 Hours
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Write your name and admission Number in the spaces provided above.
 Sign and write date of examination in the spaces provided above.
 Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.
 All workings must be clearly shown where necessary.

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 Section A
answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided
1. The photograph below shows red blood cells that have been put in different solutions. Examine them
and answer the questions that follow.

a) i)Identify the type of solution in which F was placed. (1 mark)

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ii)State the process which the red blood cells underwent in illustration G. (1 mark)
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b) Account for the appearance the red blood cells underwent in illustration E. (3 marks)
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c) Explain what would happen if plant cells are placed in the solution in which the cells in G were
immersed. (3 marks)
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2. Study illustration below.

a. Identify the ecosystem. (1 mark)

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b. i. Which organism has the least biomass in the food web? (1 mark)
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ii. Explain your answer in b (i) above. (1 mark)
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c. Name the trophic level occupied by the following organisms.
i. Insects (1 mark)
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ii. Leopards. (1 mark)
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d. Construct a food chain in which the vulture is a quaternary consumer. (1 mark)
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e. i. Name one group of organisms not shown in the food web but play an important role in the
ecosystem. (1 mark)
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ii. What is the role of the organisms you named in d (i) above? (1 mark)
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3. An experiment was set up as show below.

(a) A student blew air in and out through point X. Using arrows indicate how air gets in and out of the set
up. (2 marks)

(b) [i] In which of the tube would lime water form white precipitate first. (1 mark)
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[ii] Give a reason. (1 mark)
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(c) What is the effect of lactic acid in the thigh muscle of an athlete after a short fast race? (2 marks)

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(d) Identify the type of muscle in human being where the formation and effect of lactic acid is not felt.

(1 mark)
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(e) What is the biological significance of boiling milk. [1 mark]

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4. Study the diagram of a seed below and then answer the questions that follow.

(a) (i) Name the scar labeled Q. (1 mark)

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(ii) State the functions of a microscopic pore labeled R during germination. (3 marks)

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(b)(i) Define the term Germination . (1 mark)
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(ii) Under what conditions does the above process in (b) (i) occur? (3 marks)
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5. (a) A pig is an omnivore with all the four types of teeth. State two differences between a canine and a
molar tooth. (2 marks)

canine Molar

(b) Distinguish between autotrophism and Heterotrophism mode of nutrition. (2 marks)

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(c) How is lamina of a banana leaf adapted to is function. (4 marks)

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SECTION B
Answer question 6 and either question 7 or 8 in the spaces provided

6. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction catalyzed

by an enzyme. The results are shown in the table below.

Temperature in 0c Rate of reaction in mg of

product per unit time
5 0.2

10 0.5
15 0.8
20 1.1
25 1.5
30 2.1
35 3.0
40 3.7
45 3.4
50 2.8
55 2.1
60 1.1

(a) On the grid provided draw a graph of rate of reaction against temperature. ( 6 marks)

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(b) When was the rate of reaction 2.6 mg of product per unit time? (2 marks)
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(c) Account for the shape of the graph between

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(i) 50 C and 400 C (2 marks)
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(ii) 450 C and 600C (3 marks)
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(d) Other than temperature name two ways in which the rate of reaction between 50C and 400C could be
increased. (2 marks)
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(e) (i) Name one digestive enzymes in the human body which works best in acidic condition. (1 mark)
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(ii) How is the acidic condition for the enzyme named in (e) (i) above attained? (2 marks)
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(f) The acidic conditions in (e) (ii) above is later neutralized.
(i) Where does the neutralization take place? (1 mark)
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(ii) Name the substance responsible for neutralization (1 mark)
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7. Describe the role of the female hormones in the menstrual cycle. (20 marks)
8. a) After a meal of carbohydrate, the glucose level in the blood rose to 150mg/ cm3 .Explain the role of
the liver in bringing the sugar level down back to normal. (8 marks)

b) Explain six importance’s of plants excretory products. (12 marks)

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