IMPACT 4.04.

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Chassis ID Path
A 837581 22/Description, Design and function//Lubricating and oil system, system description

Model Identity
FH (4) 131837474

Publish date ID/Operation

Lubricating and oil system, system description

Lubrication and oil system

The engine is pressure lubricated by a gear pump (1) positioned at the rear and driven by the engine crankshaft. Two
longitudinal oil channels are drilled through the engine block — the main lubrication channel (oil gallery) and the piston
cooling oil gallery. The main lubricating oil gallery ends in a cast-in channel to take lubricating oil to the timing gears. A
centrally located drilled channel though the engine block and cylinder head takes lubricating oil up to the VCB valve
and the drilled rocker arm shaft, which through oil channels lubricates the camshaft bearings and rocker arm bearings.
The oil filter housing is bolted to the right side of the engine and has two full flow filters and one bypass filter. The oil

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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cooler is located inside the coolant cover on the right side of the engine.

The oil flow in the engine is controlled by seven valves located in the oil filter housing. For the labelling, refer to
Specifications, Group 20.

A: Safety valve
B: Reduction valve
C: Control valve for piston cooling
D: Opening valve for piston cooling
E: Overflow valve for oil cooler
F: Overflow valve for the bypass filter
G: By-pass valve for full-flow filter

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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A more detailed picture of the filter housing and the locations of the valves is shown here. The arrows in the channels
also show the direction of oil flow between the filter housing and the engine block.

Lubrication system, principles

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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IMPACT 4.04.00 20/03/2025

The lubrication oil pump (1) forces the oil via the pressure pipe (2) to the drilled channels in the engine block. The oil is
then led to the oil cooler (3) and the filter housing (4). After being filtered in both the full flow filters (5) the oil goes to
the main lubrication gallery (6) in the engine block for distribution to all the engine lubrication points. Lubrication of the
cylinder head valve mechanism takes place via a drilled channel up to the VCB valve (7). In engines with EPG this
valve is replaced by a connection piece.

The air compressor (8) and the turbocharger (9) are lubricated via external hoses. The turbocharger lubrication oil is
filtered by the by-pass filter (5). From the piston cooling channel in the engine block oil is sprayed towards the
undersides of the pistons from nozzles (11).

A: Safety valve — protects the oil pump, filter and oil cooler against excessive pressure when the oil viscosity is
high
B: Reducing valve — maintains the oil pressure at the correct level
C: Piston cooling control valve — regulates the oil flow to the piston cooling channels and protects the pistons
against overheating
D: Opening valve for piston cooling — connects in the piston cooling circuit once the oil pressure has risen to
the preset opening pressure
E: Overflow valve for the oil cooler — regulates the oil flow to the oil cooler. Opens when the lubricating oil is too
cold
F: Overflow valve for the bypass filter — opens and allows oil to pass through if the bypass filter becomes
blocked.
G: Overflow valve for the full flow filter — opens and allows oil to pass through, bypassing the oil filter if it
becomes blocked

Oil pump and oil cooler

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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The lubricating oil pump (1) is a gear pump located at the rear end of the engine and secured by four bolts to the
engine block. It is driven by a gear wheel directly from the crankshaft gear. The pump has a helical gear wheel to
reduce noise, and its shafts are mounted in bearings set into the pump housing, which is of aluminium.

The suction pipe is divided in two. The strainer (3) is of plastic and secured by screws to the reinforcement frame. The
suction pipe (4) is made of steel and sealed at the ends by rubber seals. The pressure pipe (2) is made of steel and
secured to the engine block bearing, being sealed by rubber seals.

The oil cooler (6) is bolted directly to the engine block and is completely surrounded by coolant. Channels in the block
ensure that the coolant runs in the correct direction.

The piston cooling system

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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Here is shown the oil flow for the piston cooling system when the opening valve (D) has opened and the control valve
(C) is balancing the oil flow to the piston cooling oil gallery. The piston cooling nozzles are aligned so that the oil spray
strikes the underside of the piston crown.

By regulating the piston cooling flow using a control valve, an optimised piston cooling system can be achieved with a
well balanced flow independent of the engine speed.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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The piston cooling jets are cross-shaped. The control valve's cover is marked with an elevation in order to indicate the
increased pressure.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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