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Name: GOWALIA,M SALMAN

Degree: BS
Department: Accounting and finance
Book name: 5404
Book code: Compulsory English-I 1423/9407/5404
Semester: Spring 2024 [first part]
Student ID: 0000761324
Assignment: 2
University: Allama Iqbal open university.
City : Karachi
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Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks BA: 40

Pass Marks AD/ BS:50
ASSIGNMENT No. 2
(UNIT 5-9)
Q.1 In Section D of Unit 5. You have learnt how
to write a job application. Write a job
application to the principal of a college for
the post of an SET (Senior English Teacher).

ANSWER # 1

Job Application for the Post of Senior English

Teacher (SET)
Name: Salman Imran
110A, Jail road,
Karachi.
[email protected]
0331-2163399
Date: September 19, 2024
To
The Principal
Allama Iqbal Open University.
111-B,North Nazimabad,
Karachi.
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Subject: Application for the Post of

Senior English Teacher (SET)
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my interest in the position of
Senior English Teacher (SET) at your esteemed college,
as advertised through Social Media Account. With my
extensive background in English literature and
language, coupled with over 10 years of teaching
experience, I am confident that I can contribute
positively to your institution and foster a supportive
learning environment for students.
I hold a Master’s degree in English Literature from your
precious Institute Allama Iqbal Open University and
have completed the State Eligibility Test (SET),
qualifying me for this role. My experience includes
teaching English to undergraduate students and
preparing them for competitive examinations,
enhancing their critical thinking, and improving their
communication skills. I have also developed curriculum
materials and integrated modern teaching
methodologies to make learning more engaging and
effective.
I believe in promoting a collaborative classroom
atmosphere where students feel encouraged to
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participate actively. My strong interpersonal skills,

combined with my passion for literature, allow me to
create lesson plans that are both stimulating and
informative.
I would welcome the opportunity to contribute my
expertise and dedication to the faculty of your esteemed
college. I have attached my resume and necessary
documents for your kind consideration. I am available
for an interview at your convenience and can be
reached at 0331-2163399
or [email protected]
Thank you for considering my application. I look
forward to the possibility of contributing to your
institution and helping students achieve their academic
goals.
Yours sincerely,
Salman Gowalia
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Q.2 Write a dialogue between a teacher

and a student on the importance of
developing good reading habits to be
successful in one's educational career?

ANSWER # 2

Teacher: Good morning, Salman. I wanted to talk to you

today about something very important for your educational
success—developing good reading habits. Have you thought
about why reading is so essential?
Student: Good morning, sir. I know reading is important, but
I haven’t really thought much about how it can directly impact
my success.
Teacher: That’s understandable. Reading is more than just a
school activity—it builds your ability to understand complex
concepts, enhances your vocabulary, and even improves your
concentration. Do you notice the difference when you read
regularly?
Student: Yes, I think so. When I read more often, I find it
easier to follow along with lessons in class. But sometimes, it
feels overwhelming with all the material we have to cover.
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Teacher: That’s a common feeling. One thing to keep in

mind is that reading regularly helps you process information
faster over time. When you build the habit, it doesn’t feel as
overwhelming because you’re training your mind to absorb
and retain knowledge more effectively.
Student: I see. So, is that why some students seem to
understand things quicker in class? They must have better
reading habits.
Teacher: Exactly. Strong readers often excel because they
engage with texts beyond what’s required. It’s not just about
memorizing information—it’s about interpreting, analyzing,
and thinking critically. All of this starts with a strong
foundation in reading.
Student: I never thought about it that way. So, how can I
develop better reading habits? Should I just focus on my
textbooks?
Teacher: Textbooks are important, but reading should also be
enjoyable. Explore different genres—fiction, non-fiction,
magazines, even articles related to your interests. The key is
consistency. Set aside time each day, even 20-30 minutes, to
read something.
Student: I like that idea. If I read something I enjoy, it might
make it easier to stick to.
Teacher: Exactly! And as you keep reading, your
comprehension skills will improve. You’ll be able to process
new information more effectively, which will help you not
just in your academic career but also in everyday life.
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Student: I understand now. Developing good reading habits

can really help me think better and succeed in my studies. I’ll
definitely make more time for reading.
Teacher: That’s great to hear, Salman. Remember, it’s a
gradual process, but the benefits will follow you throughout
your educational career and beyond. Keep it up, and you'll
notice the difference!
Student: Thank you, sir! I feel more motivated to improve my
reading habits now.
Teacher: I’m glad to hear that. Best of luck, and happy
reading!
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Q.3 Given below is a job advertisement.

Suppose you intend to apply for the said post,
how would you write an application? What
details you would like to add to make
yourself to be the most suitable candidate
for the post?

ANSWER # 3

To apply for a position based on the job advertisement

for the University of Engineering and Technology
(UET), Peshawar, you would need to structure your job
application in a formal and professional manner. Here's
an outline for your job application:
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Name: Salman Gowalia

111-B, Saddar,
Karachi
[email protected]
0332-2193333
Date: 20th-September-2024
Registrar
University of Engineering and Technology (UET)
Peshawar
2F3P+67R University campus, University Rd, Rahat
Abad, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Subject: Application for the Post of Lecturer

Title: Lecturer
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my interest in the position of
Professor or Lecturer as advertised on the UET
Peshawar website. I have thoroughly reviewed the
requirements and qualifications, and I am confident that
my background, experience, and skills align perfectly
with the expectations for this role.
I hold a Master’s degree, specializing in Master’s in
Applied Physics from Allama Iqbal Open University,
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and have 10 years of experience of academic and

professional experience in relevant fields. I am
particularly drawn to the opportunity at UET due to its
commitment to innovation and academic excellence.
For Professor or Lecturer Positions:
• Academic Experience: As an experienced
educator, I have had the privilege of teaching a
wide range of courses in relevant subject, e.g.,
Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mining
Engineering. I have consistently delivered high-
quality lectures, conducted seminars, and
supervised numerous undergraduate and graduate
research projects. My research has been published
in leading academic journals, contributing for the
betterment of the society.
• Research Contributions: My research focuses on
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering,
Physics, Chemistry, Earth Sciences, Psychology
etc and I have contributed to significant
developments in CERN’s Large Hadron Collider
(LHC), DARPA Internet Project e t c.
Additionally, I have collaborated with academic
peers on interdisciplinary projects that have
resulted in practical solutions in the field.
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• Leadership and Development: I have held

leadership roles in academic departments,
contributing to curriculum development, student
mentoring, and departmental administration. My
experience as a member of various academic
committees has equipped me with the skills to
contribute effectively to the university's mission.
I am confident that my background, skills, and passion
for teaching make me a strong candidate for the
position at UET Peshawar. I am enthusiastic about the
prospect of contributing to the university’s esteemed
reputation and am eager to discuss how I can be of
service in achieving its goals.
I have attached my CV, academic credentials, and the
prescribed application form for your review. I would
appreciate the opportunity to discuss my application in
further detail and am available for an interview at your
convenience.
Thank you for considering my application. I look
forward to the opportunity to contribute to UET
Peshawar’s growth and success.
Yours sincerely,
Salman Gowalia
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Details to Include in Your Application:

1. Educational Background: Clearly mention your
qualifications and specialization relevant to the
position.
2. Professional Experience: Highlight your
teaching/research/programming experience, including
specific achievements.
3. Skills and Expertise: Tailor the skills to match the
job description, such as research experience,
programming languages, or academic leadership.
4. Publications or Projects: Mention any significant
publications, projects, or contributions to the field.
5. Leadership and Collaboration: If relevant, include
leadership roles or team collaborations that
demonstrate your ability to work in an academic
environment.
Ensure to submit the prescribed form downloaded from
the UET website, along with the required documents.
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Q.4 Differentiate between strong and

weak expressions of possibility/
impossibility with suitable examples of
each kind.
ANSWER # 4

Strong and Weak Expressions of

Possibility and Impossibility
Introduction
In language, expressing possibility and impossibility
involves conveying different degrees of certainty about
events or situations. Strong and weak expressions serve
distinct purposes in communication by either affirming
with high confidence or suggesting with lesser
certainty. Understanding these expressions is crucial for
precise and effective communication, whether in
everyday conversation, academic writing, or
professional contexts.
Strong Expressions of Possibility
Strong expressions of possibility assert a high degree
of likelihood. They convey a sense of certainty or
strong expectation that an event or situation will occur.
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1. Modal Verbs: "Will" and "Must"

• "Will": This modal verb is often used to indicate a
future event that is expected to happen with a high
degree of certainty.
o Example: The team will win the championship
if they continue their current form. Here, the
speaker expresses a strong belief based on the
team's performance.
o Contextual Usage: This usage is common in
contexts where there is evidence or strong
reasoning supporting the expectation.
• "Must": This modal verb is used to express strong
necessity or certainty, often based on logical
reasoning or evidence.
o Example: He must be the one who made the
changes to the document. The use of "must"
suggests that there is convincing evidence
pointing to this conclusion.
o Contextual Usage: "Must" is frequently used
in academic writing, investigations, and
arguments where conclusions are drawn from
evidence.
2. Adjectives and Adverbs
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• "Certain" and "Definitely": These words provide

a high level of confidence about the occurrence of
an event.
o Example: It is certain that the sun will rise
tomorrow. This statement reflects an
undeniable fact based on scientific
understanding.
o Example: She will definitely attend the
conference. Here, "definitely" conveys a strong
assurance about her attendance.
3. Expressions of Strong Possibility
• "Guaranteed": This term implies a promise or
assurance that something will happen.
o Example: A good result is guaranteed if you
follow the instructions precisely. This suggests
that following the instructions will
undoubtedly lead to a good result.
o Contextual Usage: Used in promotional
materials, guarantees, and promises.
Weak Expressions of Possibility
Weak expressions of possibility suggest a lower
degree of likelihood or confidence. They indicate that
 P a g e | 16

something might happen, but there is significant

uncertainty.
1. Modal Verbs: "Might" and "Could"
• "Might": This modal verb indicates a possibility
but with no strong assurance.
o Example: She might go to the party if she
finishes her work early. This statement implies
a chance of her attendance, but it is not certain.
o Contextual Usage: Often used in informal
conversation and speculative writing.
• "Could": Similar to "might," "could" suggests a
possibility, often depending on certain conditions
or circumstances.
o Example: We could see a rise in temperatures
this summer. This suggests a potential outcome
based on current trends, but it's not guaranteed.
o Contextual Usage: Common in discussions of
hypothetical situations and future possibilities.
2. Adjectives and Adverbs
• "Possible" and "Likely": These terms indicate a
probability but with varying degrees of certainty.
 P a g e | 17

o Example: It is possible that she might arrive

late. This statement suggests a chance of
lateness but does not confirm it.
o Example: It is likely that he will win the
competition. This conveys a higher probability
than "possible," but it is not absolute.
o Contextual Usage: Used in planning,
forecasting, and everyday conversation.
3. Expressions of Weak Possibility
• "Perhaps" and "Maybe": These words indicate
uncertainty and suggest that something could
happen but is not guaranteed.
o Example: Perhaps we can meet next week.
This expression shows a tentative suggestion
rather than a firm plan.
o Example: Maybe it will snow tomorrow. This
implies a chance of snow but with no strong
expectation.
Strong Expressions of Impossibility
Strong expressions of impossibility convey a high
degree of certainty that something cannot happen.
These are used when the speaker is sure that an event or
situation will not occur.
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1. Modal Verbs: "Cannot" and "Will Not"

• "Cannot": This modal verb is used to express a
strong denial of possibility.
o Example: She cannot be the culprit; she was
miles away from the scene. This reflects a firm
belief based on evidence or reasoning.
o Contextual Usage: Often used in formal
contexts and logical arguments.
• "Will Not": Indicates a firm belief that something
will definitely not happen.
o Example: He will not be able to complete the
task on time given his current progress. This
suggests a strong expectation that the task will
not be finished as scheduled.
o Contextual Usage: Common in predictions
and assurances about future events.
2. Adjectives and Adverbs
• "Impossible" and "No Way": These terms
indicate an absolute certainty that something
cannot occur.
o Example: It is impossible to travel faster than
the speed of light. This is a scientific fact that
is universally accepted.
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o Example: There is no way he could have

arrived so early given the traffic conditions.
This reflects a strong disbelief based on
specific conditions.
o Contextual Usage: Used in both everyday and
formal contexts to emphasize absolute
certainty.
Weak Expressions of Impossibility
Weak expressions of impossibility convey a lower
degree of certainty that something cannot happen. They
indicate doubt but are not as absolute as strong
expressions.
1. Modal Verbs: "Might Not" and "Unlikely"
• "Might Not": Suggests that something is possible
but not likely.
o Example: She might not come to the meeting
if she has other commitments. This indicates a
possibility of her not attending but does not
rule it out completely.
o Contextual Usage: Used in planning and
speculative contexts.
• "Unlikely": Indicates that something has a low
chance of occurring.
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o Example: It’s unlikely that they will finish the

project on time. This suggests a low
probability of the project being completed as
planned.
o Contextual Usage: Common in forecasts,
predictions, and discussions of future events.
2. Adjectives and Adverbs
• "Doubtful" and "Questionable": These terms
imply skepticism but are not absolute denials.
o Example: It is doubtful that the new policy
will be effective immediately. This suggests
that there are concerns about the policy’s
effectiveness but does not rule out the
possibility entirely.
o Example: The outcome is questionable given
the lack of evidence. This reflects uncertainty
about the result based on available
information.
Conclusion
Understanding strong and weak expressions of
possibility and impossibility is essential for effective
communication. Strong expressions provide confidence
and certainty, while weak expressions convey
uncertainty and probability. Mastery of these
 P a g e | 21

expressions allows speakers and writers to articulate

their views more precisely, adapting their
communication based on the level of certainty they
wish to convey.
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Q.5 How would you grant and refuse permission

in the following situation. Use different
expressions each time. (10)
i. Your friend wants to use your car.
ii. A stranger wants to use your cell
phone to make a car.
iii. Your class fellow is asking for your
assignment.
iv. A colleague requests to use your
computer system.
V Your sister wants you to drop her friend's
home.

ANSWER # 5
Here are different ways to grant or refuse permission in
each situation:
i. Your friend wants to use your car.
Granting Permission:
1. "Sure, you can use my car. Just be sure to fill up
the tank before returning it."
2. "Absolutely, you can borrow my car. Just let me
know if you need any help with it."
3. "Of course, take the car. Just make sure to drive
safely and return it by tonight."
Refusing Permission:
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1. "I'm sorry, but I really need the car today. Maybe

we can find another time."
2. "Unfortunately, I can't lend you my car right now. I
have some important errands to run."
3. "I wish I could help, but I need my car for work.
Let’s figure something else out."
ii. A stranger wants to use your cell phone to make a
call.
Granting Permission:
1. "Sure, you can use my phone. Just keep the call
brief, please."
2. "I don't mind if you make a quick call. Here's my
phone."
3. "Go ahead, you can use my cell. Just be sure to
return it as soon as you're done."
Refusing Permission:
1. "I’m sorry, but I can’t let you use my phone. I need
it for important calls."
2. "I’m not comfortable lending my phone out to
strangers. Hope you understand."
3. "Unfortunately, I can’t let you use my phone.
Maybe there’s a payphone nearby?"
 P a g e | 24

iii. Your class fellow is asking for your assignment.

Granting Permission:
1. "Sure, you can have a look at my assignment. Just
make sure you do your own work."
2. "I don’t mind sharing my assignment with you. Use
it as a reference, though."
3. "Feel free to review my assignment. Just ensure it
helps you with your own task."
Refusing Permission:
1. "I’m sorry, but I can’t share my assignment. It’s
important for me to keep it original."
2. "I’d prefer not to share my assignment, but I can
help you with any questions you have."
3. "I’m not comfortable sharing my assignment, but
I’m happy to discuss the topic with you."
iv. A colleague requests to use your computer
system.
Granting Permission:
1. "Sure, you can use my computer. Just let me know
if you need any assistance."
2. "No problem at all. Feel free to use my system. I’ll
be around if you need anything."
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3. "Go ahead and use my computer. Just make sure to

log out properly when you’re finished."
Refusing Permission:
1. "I’m afraid I can’t let you use my computer right
now. I’m working on something important."
2. "Sorry, but my computer is currently in use. Maybe
try another system?"
3. "I need my computer for a task I’m working on, so
I can’t let you use it right now."
V Your sister wants you to drop her friend’s home.
Granting Permission:
1. "Sure, I can drop her off. Just let me know where
she lives."
2. "No problem, I’ll give her a ride. Can you provide
me with the address?"
3. "I’d be happy to drop her off. Let’s just coordinate
the best time for it."
Refusing Permission:
1. "I’m sorry, but I can’t drop her off right now. I’ve
got other plans."
2. "Unfortunately, I’m not able to give her a ride
today. Maybe someone else can help?"
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3. "I wish I could, but I’m really busy at the moment.

Perhaps you can find another way?"
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Q.6 Write a descriptive paragraph based on a

university convocation ceremony you have
recently attended. Write a catchy topic
sentence and relevant supporting details and
end it conclusively. Your paragraph should be
both cohesive and coherent.

ANSWER # 6

A Symphony of Achievement: The University

Convocation Ceremony
The university convocation ceremony unfolded as a
grand tapestry of accomplishment and celebration,
embodying the pinnacle of academic achievement. As
the sun dipped below the horizon, the university's grand
hall came alive with the vibrant hues of academic
regalia—gowns of deep blue and crimson, and caps
adorned with tassels that shimmered under the spotlight.
The atmosphere was charged with a blend of excitement
and solemnity as graduates, their families, and faculty
gathered to honour the culmination of years of hard
work and dedication.
The ceremony began with a majestic procession, where
the graduates walked in synchronized elegance, their
 P a g e | 28

faces glowing with a mix of pride and relief. The

keynote address, delivered by a distinguished alumnus,
was a stirring tribute to the perseverance and passion
that had led the graduates to this momentous day. His
words, interspersed with personal anecdotes and
reflections on the transformative power of education,
resonated deeply with the audience, creating a bridge
between past struggles and future possibilities.
As the presentation of diplomas commenced, each
graduate’s name was announced with a sense of
reverence, met with enthusiastic applause from the
audience. The stage became a vibrant tableau of
individual success stories, as each student received their
diploma, their joy palpable and contagious. Families,
teary-eyed and beaming, cheered with exuberance, their
pride evident in every clapping hand and heartfelt
cheer.
The ceremony reached its crescendo with a powerful
rendition of the university anthem, performed by a
student choir that filled the hall with an uplifting
harmony. The collective energy was infectious, leaving
a lasting impression of unity and shared achievement.
As the evening drew to a close, graduates tossed their
caps into the air, a symbolic gesture of freedom and
future possibilities. The convocation was more than just
 P a g e | 29

a formal event; it was a celebration of the journey of

education, a testament to the resilience and
determination of the graduates, and a hopeful glance
towards the boundless opportunities that lay ahead.
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Q.7 Write a detailed essay of around 300-

350 words on the following topic.
Democracy of Pakistan in 21st Century?

ANSWER # 7
Democracy of Pakistan in the 21st
Century
The 21st century has been a period of profound
transformation for Pakistan's democracy, characterized
by both significant achievements and notable
challenges. As the country navigates its democratic
journey, it faces the dual task of consolidating
democratic institutions while addressing the
multifaceted issues that affect its political landscape.
Since the turn of the century, Pakistan has experienced
a series of political shifts. The early 2000s were marked
by military rule under General Pervez Musharraf, which
interrupted the democratic process. However, the return
to civilian rule in 2008 with the election of the Pakistan
People's Party (PPP) marked a pivotal moment. This
transition underscored a collective desire for democratic
governance and laid the groundwork for future political
stability.
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The democratic process in Pakistan has evolved with

the establishment of robust electoral processes and the
strengthening of political institutions. General elections,
held regularly, have seen peaceful transitions of power,
which is a crucial indicator of democratic maturity. The
2013 and 2018 elections, despite facing various
challenges such as allegations of electoral rigging and
administrative issues, demonstrated an increasing
resilience of the democratic framework.
Nonetheless, Pakistan's democracy continues to grapple
with several critical challenges. Corruption remains a
pervasive issue, undermining public trust in political
institutions. The influence of non-state actors and the
military's involvement in civilian affairs also pose
significant obstacles to democratic consolidation.
Additionally, political polarization and the fragility of
democratic norms contribute to the instability of
governance.
In the realm of civil society, there has been a notable
rise in activism and public engagement. Social media
platforms and digital communication have empowered
citizens to advocate for their rights and hold leaders
accountable. This active civic engagement is a positive
force for democratic deepening, as it fosters
transparency and public accountability.
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Looking forward, Pakistan's democracy faces the

imperative of addressing these challenges while
reinforcing democratic norms and institutions. Effective
governance, anti-corruption measures, and the
strengthening of civil society are essential for ensuring
that democracy not only survives but thrives. The 21st
century presents an opportunity for Pakistan to build on
its democratic achievements and move towards a more
stable, inclusive, and accountable democratic system.

THE END