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The document presents an overview of the endocrine system, detailing its function, main glands, and their roles in regulating various physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Key glands discussed include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of the endocrine system in maintaining bodily balance and its interaction with the nervous system.

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5 views

Copy of Endocrine System for Medical Students by Slidesgo.pptx.PDF

The document presents an overview of the endocrine system, detailing its function, main glands, and their roles in regulating various physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Key glands discussed include the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of the endocrine system in maintaining bodily balance and its interaction with the nervous system.

Uploaded by

marcelinhovaloes
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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English apresentation

ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
students:
Alex Vital
Arthur Albuquerque
Julyo Cesar
Luiz Beltrão
Pedro Telles
Rodrigo Buarque
Vinicius Baia
Vinicius Menezes

Teacher:Mr.Simon
Summary
Introduction to
1 endocrine system
2 Hypothalamus

3 Pituitary Gland 4 Thyroid gland

5 Parathyroid Gland 6 Adrenal Glands

7 Pancreas 8 Ovaries and testes


Conclusion and
9 references
Introduction to endocrine system
1.What is it?
-Group of glands responsible for producing and releasing hormones in the
body.These hormones are chemical substances that play a role in various
physiological functions,such as growth,metabolism,reproduction and the stress
response.
2.Function:
-With the purpose of regulating various functions of the human body,such as
growth, metabolism,reproduction,and the balance of physiological functions.

3.Main Glands:
-Pituitary gland
-Thyroid gland
-Parathyroid glands
-Adrenal glands
-Pancreas
-Ovaries (in women)
-Testes (in men)
Hypothalamus
1. Regulation of the endocrine system
Modulation of hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary

Production of hormones from the posterior pituitary gland

2. Control of the autonomic nervous system


Coordinate heart rate, blood pressure and
breathing

3. Regulation of behavior and emotions


Big influence of the limbic system

Participates in the response to stress, pleasure, aggression and other


emotions.
Pitutary Glands
1.What is it?
A small gland located at the base of the brain, inside the sella turcica.

2. Main function
Controls several endocrine glands and regulates essential body processes

3. Divisions:
-Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)
Produces hormones like GH, ACTH, TSH, FSH/LH , and Prolactin.

-Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe)


Stores and releases OXYTOCIN and ADH
Thyroid Glands

Hormonal
What is? Main disorders
produced Hypothyroidism
Location: at the base of Hyperthyroidism
the neck, below the T3 and T4: regulate
metabolism Goiter
larynx Thyroid nodules and
Main function: producing Calcitonin: role in calcium
cancer
hormones that regulate metabolism
metabolism
Parathyroid Glands

Mood control Individual growth Metabolism


Individual growth involves continuous learning, Thyroid metabolism: The thyroid regulates metabolism
through T3 and T4 hormones, which control energy
The parathyroid controls blood calcium self-confidence, social skills, and self-discipline. production, oxygen consumption, and protein, fat, and
levels through PTH. If calcium is low, PTH It can be personal (emotional and intellectual carbohydrate metabolism. Hypothyroidism slows
increases; if it is high, PTH decreases. development) or biological (influenced by metabolism, causing fatigue and weight gain, while
hyperthyroidism speeds it up, leading to weight loss and
Active vitamin D also helps regulate this by hormones and nutrition). increased heart rate.
stimulating calcium absorption in the
intestines.
Adrenal Glands

Location: superior to the kidneys, has the


pyramidal shape.

functiona: production of hormones


essential for the body's balance.

Ex: Regulation of blood


Ex: response to stress, Ex: development of
pressure through the glucose metabolism secondary sexual
hormone aldosterone and proteins through characteristics by
the hormone cortisol. androgen hormones.
Pancreas

Location: The pancreas is located in the


abdomen, behind the stomach,
extending from left to right, near the
duodenum and spleen.

Function: The pancreas has two main functions:

To produce digestive enzymes and secretions


to aid in digestion. -Amylase
-Lipase
-Trypsin
To release hormones, such as insulin, to
regulate blood glucose levels.
Ovaries and testicles
Location of the Ovaries: They are located in the lower abdomen, one on each
side of the uterus.

Function of the Ovaries: They produce eggs (reproduction).


They produce hormones like estrogen and progesterone (female characteristics).

Example of Function: The ovaries are responsible for ovulation, releasing eggs
for fertilization.

Location of the Testes:They are located in the scrotum, below the penis.

Function of the Testes: They produce sperm (reproduction).


They produce the hormone testosterone (male characteristics)
.
Example of Function: The testes are responsible for fertilization by producing
sperm for sexual reproduction.
Conclusion and references

The endocrine system regulates vital functions through hormones, maintaining balance in the
body. It works closely with the nervous system to control growth, metabolism, and emotions. Any
dysfunction can lead to health issues, making its proper function essential.

Barrett, K. E., Barman, S. M., Boitano, S., & Brooks, H. L. (2019).


Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology (26ª ed.). McGraw-Hill https://www.endocrine.org
Guyton & Hall - Tratado de Fisiologia Médica edição 14

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