Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on

Electricity and Magnetism

1. Importance of Electricity and Magnetism (EM)
1. Which of the following best describes the importance of electricity and
magnetism in daily life?
o a) They are unrelated phenomena.
o b) They have limited applications.
o c) They are the basis of most modern technology.
o d) They are only useful in scientific research.
o Answer: c
2. Electricity and magnetism are used in which of the following devices?
o a) Computers
o b) Smartphones
o c) Electric motors
o d) All of the above
o Answer: d
3. Electromagnetic waves include which of the following?
o a) Sound waves
o b) Light waves
o c) Ocean waves
o d) Seismic waves
o Answer: b
4. What is the role of electromagnetic forces in atomic structure?
o a) They hold protons and neutrons together.
o b) They keep electrons in orbit around the nucleus.
o c) They repel like charges.
o d) None of the above
o Answer: b
5. Magnetic fields are produced by which of the following?
o a) Stationary charges
o b) Moving charges
o c) Non-conductors
o d) Insulators
o Answer: b

2. Atomic Theory
1. Who proposed the atomic theory that all matter is composed of small indivisible
particles?
o a) Isaac Newton
o b) John Dalton
o c) Albert Einstein
o d) Nikola Tesla
o Answer: b
 2. Which subatomic particle is negatively charged?
o a) Proton
o b) Neutron
o c) Electron
o d) Nucleus
o Answer: c
3. The nucleus of an atom contains which of the following?
o a) Electrons only
o b) Protons and neutrons
o c) Protons and electrons
o d) Neutrons and electrons
o Answer: b
4. Which of the following describes isotopes?
o a) Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
o b) Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons
o c) Atoms with different numbers of electrons
o d) Molecules with similar chemical properties
o Answer: a
5. Which scientist is known for the discovery of the electron?
o a) J.J. Thomson
o b) Ernest Rutherford
o c) Niels Bohr
o d) James Clerk Maxwell
o Answer: a

3. Electron Theory
1. Electron theory helps explain which of the following phenomena?
o a) Electrical conduction
o b) Chemical bonding
o c) Magnetism
o d) All of the above
o Answer: d
2. Electrons are considered to be which of the following?
o a) Positive particles
o b) Neutral particles
o c) Negatively charged particles
o d) None of the above
o Answer: c
3. Which of the following is true about free electrons in a conductor?
o a) They are bound to atoms.
o b) They move freely and conduct electricity.
o c) They are positively charged.
o d) They do not exist.
o Answer: b
4. What happens to electrons in a material when it is heated?
o a) They move slower.
o b) They remain stationary.
 o c) They gain energy and move faster.
o d) They lose energy and stop moving.
o Answer: c
5. In an insulator, electrons are typically:
o a) Free to move
o b) Bound tightly to atoms
o c) Positively charged
o d) Easily removed
o Answer: b

4. Concept of Current, Voltage, and Resistance

1. Which of the following is the unit of electric current?
o a) Volt
o b) Ohm
o c) Ampere
o d) Watt
o Answer: c
2. Voltage is best described as:
o a) The rate of flow of electric charge
o b) The electrical potential difference between two points
o c) The opposition to the flow of current
o d) The amount of electrical energy used
o Answer: b
3. Resistance is measured in which unit?
o a) Volts
o b) Amperes
o c) Ohms
o d) Watts
o Answer: c
4. Ohm’s Law relates which three quantities?
o a) Current, voltage, and resistance
o b) Voltage, power, and time
o c) Resistance, capacitance, and inductance
o d) Current, energy, and charge
o Answer: a
5. What happens to the current if the voltage is increased while resistance remains
constant?
o a) The current decreases
o b) The current increases
o c) The current remains the same
o d) The current becomes zero
o Answer: b

5. Electric Circuit
1. An electric circuit must include which of the following components?
o a) A power source
 o b) Conductive path
o c) Load (e.g., a resistor or a lamp)
o d) All of the above
o Answer: d
2. What is the function of a switch in an electric circuit?
o a) To increase voltage
o b) To control the flow of current
o c) To reduce resistance
o d) To store electrical energy
o Answer: b
3. A circuit with a broken path is called a:
o a) Open circuit
o b) Closed circuit
o c) Short circuit
o d) Parallel circuit
o Answer: a
4. Which of the following is true about a series circuit?
o a) The current is the same through all components.
o b) The voltage is the same across all components.
o c) Components are connected in parallel.
o d) It has multiple paths for current flow.
o Answer: a
5. In a parallel circuit, the total resistance is:
o a) Greater than the largest individual resistance
o b) Equal to the sum of all resistances
o c) Less than the smallest individual resistance
o d) None of the above
o Answer: c

6. Basic Electronic Components and their Role

1. Which component is used to store electrical energy?
o a) Resistor
o b) Capacitor
o c) Diode
o d) Transistor
o Answer: b
2. A diode allows current to flow in:
o a) Both directions equally
o b) Only one direction
o c) No direction
o d) Alternating directions
o Answer: b
3. The main function of a transistor is to:
o a) Store energy
o b) Amplify or switch electronic signals
o c) Convert AC to DC
o d) Resist the flow of current
 o Answer: b
4. Which component is used to resist the flow of current in a circuit?
o a) Capacitor
o b) Resistor
o c) Inductor
o d) Diode
o Answer: b
5. An inductor is used to:
o a) Store charge
o b) Store magnetic energy
o c) Rectify current
o d) Provide constant voltage
o Answer: b

7. Ohm’s Law
1. Ohm’s Law states that the current through a conductor between two points is
directly proportional to:
o a) Resistance
o b) Voltage
o c) Power
o d) Capacitance
o Answer: b
2. Which formula represents Ohm’s Law?
o a) V = IR
o b) P = IV
o c) E = mc^2
o d) F = ma
o Answer: a
3. If the resistance in a circuit is doubled, what happens to the current?
o a) It doubles
o b) It halves
o c) It remains the same
o d) It becomes zero
o Answer: b
4. Which of the following represents the unit of resistance?
o a) Ampere
o b) Volt
o c) Ohm
o d) Watt
o Answer: c
5. If the current in a circuit is 2 A and the resistance is 5 Ω, what is the voltage?
o a) 10 V
o b) 2.5 V
o c) 7 V
o d) 12 V
o Answer: a
8. Series and Parallel Circuits
1. In a series circuit, if one component fails, the current:
o a) Continues through the other components
o b) Stops flowing entirely
o c) Increases
o d) Decreases slightly
o Answer: b
2. In a parallel circuit, if one branch opens, the current in the other branches:
o a) Stops flowing
o b) Remains the same
o c) Increases
o d) Decreases
o Answer: b
3. The total voltage in a series circuit is equal to:
o a) The sum of the individual voltages across each component
o b) The average of the individual voltages
o c) The voltage of the largest component
o d) Zero
o Answer: a
4. In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each component is:
o a) The same
o b) Different
o c) Zero
o d) The sum of the individual voltages
o Answer: a
5. The total resistance in a parallel circuit can be calculated using the formula:
o a) R_total = R1 + R2 + R3
o b) 1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
o c) R_total = V/I
o d) R_total = V^2/P
o Answer: b

9. RC Charge-Discharge Circuit
1. In an RC circuit, the time constant (τ) is given by:
o a) R + C
o b) R × C
o c) R/C
o d) C/R
o Answer: b
2. The voltage across a charging capacitor in an RC circuit follows which type of
curve?
o a) Linear
o b) Exponential
o c) Quadratic
o d) Sinusoidal
o Answer: b
 3. During the discharge of a capacitor, the current:
o a) Remains constant
o b) Increases exponentially
o c) Decreases exponentially
o d) Oscillates
o Answer: c
4. Which of the following factors affect the charging time of a capacitor?
o a) Capacitance only
o b) Resistance only
o c) Both capacitance and resistance
o d) None of the above
o Answer: c
5. In an RC circuit, the capacitor is fully charged after:
o a) One time constant
o b) Three time constants
o c) Five time constants
o d) Ten time constants
o Answer: c

10. KWh and mAh Problems

1. 1 kWh is equal to how many joules?
o a) 1000 J
o b) 3600 J
o c) 3.6 × 10^6 J
o d) 10^6 J
o Answer: c
2. If an appliance consumes 1000 W of power and runs for 2 hours, how many kWh
of energy does it use?
o a) 1 kWh
o b) 2 kWh
o c) 0.5 kWh
o d) 4 kWh
o Answer: b
3. A battery with a capacity of 2000 mAh can deliver 200 mA of current for how
many hours?
o a) 2 hours
o b) 5 hours
o c) 10 hours
o d) 20 hours
o Answer: b
4. How much energy does a 50 W light bulb consume in 24 hours?
o a) 1.2 kWh
o b) 2.4 kWh
o c) 12 kWh
o d) 24 kWh
o Answer: a
5. If a battery has a capacity of 5000 mAh and is used at a current of 1 A, how long
will it last?
 o a) 2.5 hours
o b) 5 hours
o c) 10 hours
o d) 20 hours
o Answer: b

11. Power Equations and Problems

1. The power consumed by an electrical device is given by which formula?
o a) P = IV
o b) P = I^2R
o c) P = V^2/R
o d) All of the above
o Answer: d
2. What is the power consumption of a device with a current of 3 A and a voltage of
120 V?
o a) 360 W
o b) 240 W
o c) 40 W
o d) 400 W
o Answer: a
3. If a 60 W bulb operates for 10 hours, how much energy does it consume?
o a) 0.6 kWh
o b) 6 kWh
o c) 60 kWh
o d) 600 kWh
o Answer: a
4. A resistor with a resistance of 10 Ω carries a current of 2 A. What is the power
dissipated by the resistor?
o a) 20 W
o b) 40 W
o c) 80 W
o d) 100 W
o Answer: b
5. Which unit is used to measure electrical power?
o a) Joule
o b) Watt
o c) Ampere
o d) Coulomb
o Answer: b

Here are the MCQ questions for each of the topics you mentioned:

1. Magnetism

Q1: What is the unit of magnetic field strength?

 A) Tesla
  B) Ampere
 C) Coulomb
 D) Ohm
Answer: A) Tesla

Q2: Which of the following materials is NOT magnetic?

 A) Iron
 B) Nickel
 C) Copper
 D) Cobalt
Answer: C) Copper

Q3: The magnetic field around a bar magnet is:

 A) Radial
 B) Circular
 C) Linear
 D) Concentric
Answer: B) Circular

Q4: The Earth’s magnetic field is:

 A) Strongest at the equator

 B) Weakest at the poles
 C) Generated by the movement of molten iron in the core
 D) Unstable
Answer: C) Generated by the movement of molten iron in the core

Q5: Which law describes the relationship between current and magnetic field?

 A) Faraday’s Law
 B) Ampere’s Law
 C) Gauss’s Law
 D) Ohm’s Law
Answer: B) Ampere’s Law

Q6: The force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field depends on:

 A) Current
 B) Length of the conductor
 C) Strength of the magnetic field
 D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

Q7: What is the direction of magnetic field lines around a straight current-carrying wire?

 A) Parallel to the wire

 B) Radial
 C) Perpendicular to the wire
  D) Circular
Answer: D) Circular

Q8: Which of the following is a property of magnetic field lines?

 A) They are always straight

 B) They never intersect
 C) They are perpendicular to the direction of current
 D) They do not form closed loops
Answer: B) They never intersect

Q9: The phenomenon of induced magnetism in a material is known as:

 A) Diamagnetism
 B) Paramagnetism
 C) Ferromagnetism
 D) Electromagnetism
Answer: C) Ferromagnetism

Q10: What is the magnetic field strength at the center of a current loop?

 A) Zero
 B) Maximum
 C) Equal to the magnetic field at the edge
 D) Depends on the current
Answer: B) Maximum

2. Electromagnetism in a Wire

Q1: What is the effect of increasing the current in a straight conductor placed in a magnetic
field?

 A) Increases the force on the conductor

 B) Decreases the force on the conductor
 C) No effect on the force
 D) The force becomes zero
Answer: A) Increases the force on the conductor

Q2: The right-hand thumb rule states that:

 A) The direction of the magnetic field is given by the curl of the thumb
 B) The thumb gives the direction of the magnetic field
 C) The thumb gives the direction of the current
 D) The curl of the fingers gives the direction of current
Answer: C) The thumb gives the direction of the current

Q3: A coil of wire carrying current behaves like:

  A) A magnet
 B) A resistor
 C) A capacitor
 D) A transformer
Answer: A) A magnet

Q4: The magnetic field inside a solenoid is:

 A) Zero
 B) Uniform
 C) Strongest at the ends
 D) Circular
Answer: B) Uniform

Q5: The force on a wire in a magnetic field is at a maximum when the wire is:

 A) Parallel to the magnetic field

 B) Perpendicular to the magnetic field
 C) At 45 degrees to the magnetic field
 D) At 90 degrees to the magnetic field
Answer: B) Perpendicular to the magnetic field

Q6: What happens when you increase the number of turns in a solenoid?

 A) The magnetic field strength decreases

 B) The magnetic field becomes uniform
 C) The magnetic field strength increases
 D) The magnetic field strength remains the same
Answer: C) The magnetic field strength increases

Q7: Which material is typically used to increase the magnetic field strength of an
electromagnet?

 A) Copper
 B) Iron
 C) Aluminum
 D) Plastic
Answer: B) Iron

Q8: The direction of magnetic force on a current-carrying wire is determined by:

 A) The magnitude of the current

 B) The direction of the magnetic field
 C) The angle between the wire and magnetic field
 D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

Q9: What is the formula for the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field?

 A) F = BIL
  B) F = ILB
 C) F = BIL^2
 D) F = B^2IL
Answer: A) F = BIL

Q10: The right-hand rule for a coil states that if the fingers curl in the direction of current, the
thumb points in the direction of:

 A) Electric field
 B) Magnetic field
 C) Force on the wire
 D) Current
Answer: B) Magnetic field

3. Right Hand Thumb Rule

Q1: The Right-Hand Thumb Rule is used to determine the direction of:

 A) Electric current
 B) Magnetic field
 C) Force on a wire
 D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

Q2: The Right-Hand Rule for a current-carrying conductor states that:

 A) The direction of the magnetic field is in the direction of the thumb

 B) The thumb points in the direction of the current
 C) The fingers point in the direction of the magnetic field
 D) The thumb points in the direction of the force
Answer: B) The thumb points in the direction of the current

Q3: When applying the Right-Hand Thumb Rule to a current-carrying solenoid, the thumb
points in the direction of the:

 A) Magnetic field inside the solenoid

 B) Current
 C) Force
 D) Magnetic field outside the solenoid
Answer: A) Magnetic field inside the solenoid

Q4: The Right-Hand Rule helps determine the direction of which of the following?

 A) Electric current
 B) Magnetic force
 C) Voltage
 D) Electromagnetic waves
Answer: B) Magnetic force
Q5: In the case of a moving charge in a magnetic field, the Right-Hand Rule is used to find
the:

 A) Direction of electric field

 B) Direction of the current
 C) Direction of magnetic force
 D) Direction of velocity
Answer: C) Direction of magnetic force

Q6: The Right-Hand Rule applies when the current flows in a:

 A) Straight wire
 B) Circular loop
 C) Solenoid
 D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

Q7: What happens to the magnetic field when the current in the wire is reversed, according to
the Right-Hand Rule?

 A) The magnetic field remains unchanged

 B) The magnetic field flips direction
 C) The magnetic field disappears
 D) The magnetic field weakens
Answer: B) The magnetic field flips direction

Q8: Which hand is used in the Right-Hand Thumb Rule?

 A) Left hand
 B) Right hand
 C) Both hands
 D) Neither hand
Answer: B) Right hand

Q9: In a solenoid, when current flows in the opposite direction, the magnetic poles:

 A) Remain the same

 B) Switch
 C) Disappear
 D) Get weaker
Answer: B) Switch

Q10: When the Right-Hand Rule is applied to a circular current loop, the magnetic field
inside the loop is directed:

 A) Radially outward
 B) Radially inward
 C) Perpendicular to the plane of the loop
 D) Parallel to the current
Answer: C) Perpendicular to the plane of the loop
4. Generators and Motors

Q1: A generator converts:

 A) Mechanical energy into electrical energy

 B) Electrical energy into mechanical energy
 C) Kinetic energy into potential energy
 D) Heat into mechanical energy
Answer: A) Mechanical energy into electrical energy

Q2: In a motor, when current flows through a coil in a magnetic field, it experiences a force
due to:

 A) Electromagnetic induction
 B) Magnetic force
 C) Gravitational force
 D) Electrostatic force
Answer: B) Magnetic force

Q3: What is the primary principle behind the operation of an electric motor?

 A) Faraday’s Law
 B) Ampere’s Law
 C) Lorentz Force
 D) Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
Answer: D) Fleming’s Left Hand Rule

Q4: A commutator is used in a motor to:

 A) Change the direction of current

 B) Convert mechanical energy to electrical energy
 C) Produce a rotating magnetic field
 D) Increase the efficiency of the motor
Answer: A) Change the direction of current

Q5: The direction of current in a generator is determined by:

 A) The speed of the rotation

 B) The magnetic field strength
 C) The direction of the motion of the conductor
 D) The shape of the coil
Answer: C) The direction of the motion of the conductor

Q6: Which of the following is NOT a component of a DC motor?

 A) Armature
 B) Commutator
 C) Rotor
  D) Rectifier
Answer: D) Rectifier

Q7: The working of a generator is based on:

 A) Fleming’s Right Hand Rule

 B) Right-Hand Thumb Rule
 C) Lenz’s Law
 D) Faraday’s Law of Induction
Answer: D) Faraday’s Law of Induction

Q8: The number of turns in the coil of a motor affects the:

 A) Speed of the motor

 B) Direction of current
 C) Force acting on the coil
 D) Power consumption
Answer: C) Force acting on the coil

Q9: What is the function of a rotor in an electric motor?

 A) To provide the power to rotate

 B) To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
 C) To generate a magnetic field
 D) To produce electrical current
Answer: A) To provide the power to rotate

Q10: In an electric motor, the role of the magnetic field is to:

 A) Provide the mechanical torque to rotate the coil

 B) Increase the current through the coil
 C) Control the speed of the motor
 D) Direct the flow of current
Answer: A) Provide the mechanical torque to rotate the coil