Western Cape Education Department

Directorate: Curriculum FET

BUSINESS STUDIES

REVISION BOOKLET

2024 TERM 2

Grade 11
This revision program is designed to assist you in revising the critical content and skills covered during the
2nd term. The purpose is to prepare you to understand the key concepts and to provide you with an
opportunity to establish the required standard and the application of the knowledge necessary to succeed
in the Final NSC examination.

The revision program covers the following topics:

· Creative thinking and problem solving,

· Stress, crisis and change management
· Marketing Function
· Production Function
· Professionalism & Ethics

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INDEX PAGE

Contents Page number

1 Creative thinking and problem solving 2-5
2 Stress, crisis and change management 6-9
3 Management Function 10 - 13
4 Production Function 14 – 17
5 Professionalism & Ethics 18 - 21
6 Examination Tips 22 - 24

This revision booklet covers the FIVE topics that was taught in Term 2.

The first topic we will focus on is:

1. CREATIVE THINKING & PROBLEM SOLVING

1.1 Meaning of creative thinking

· The ability to think of original, varied new ideas or new approaches.

· To be original, innovative, and resourceful.
· You must try to think differently and to apply.

1.2 ROUTINE versus CREATIVE thinking

ROUTINE THINKING CREATIVE THINKING

· Is a LEFT-brain function · Is a RIGHT brain function.
· function. Focus on analytical thought, logic, · Focus on creativity, imagination, insight,
reasoning, number, and written skills. holistic thought, art, and music awareness.

1.3 CONVENTIONAL and NON-CONVENTIONAL solutions

CONVENTIONAL SOLUTIONS NON-CONVENTIONAL SOLUTIONS

· Getting solutions that are based on and that · Getting solutions that are not based on and do
conforms to, what is generally done or not conform to, what is generally done or
·

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1.4 Ways in which a business can create an environment that stimulate and promote creative
thinking
Fill in the missing word/s
Statement Answer
1 Emphasise the importance of … and ensure that all staff know that management creative thinking
want to hear their ideas.
2 Encourage staff to come up with … ideas. new
3 Make time for … sessions to generate new ideas, e.g., regular workshops brainstorming
4 Place suggestion boxes around the workplace and keep … channels open for new communication
ideas.
5 Train staff in innovative … and lateral thinking. techniques
6 Encourage job … within the organisation and other businesses swops
7 Encourage … ways of working alternative
8 Respond … to all ideas and never let anyone feel less important. enthusiastically

1.5 Advantages/benefits of creative thinking in the workplace

Fill in the missing word/s
Statements Answer
1 Better … are generated. ideas
2 May give the business a … advantage if unique strategies are implemented. competitive
3 Complex business … may be solved. problems
4 Productivity increases as management or employees may quickly generate … ideas multiple
5 Managers and employees have more … as they can live up to their full potential. confidence
6 Managers will be better … as they will be able to manage change(s) positively and leaders
creatively.
7 Managers and employees may … a completely new outlook, which may be applied to develop
any task(s) they may do.
8 Leads to more positive … as managers and employees feel that they have contributed attitudes
towards problem solving.

1.6 Meaning of Problem solving

• Process of analysing a situation to identify strategies to bring about change.
• Gathering facts that include problem findings and problem shaping.
• Problems can be solved by a group/ team or an individual team member.
• Alternative solutions are generated and critically evaluated.

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1.7 Types of Problem-solving techniques

1. Delphi Technique 2. Force Field Analysis techniques

Indicate which of the following statements refers to the Delphi Technique or Force Field
Analysis Technique

Statements Answer
1 Structured way of looking at the pros (advantages) and cons (disadvantages) force field analysis
as a plan for change.
2 Used to solve new and complex problems. Delphi
3 Uses an expert panel who never meets face-to-face. Delphi
4 Effective when implementing change management. force field analysis
5 Used for decision making. force field analysis
6 This encourages creative problem solving without the disadvantage of group Delphi
meetings.

1.8 Application of the Delphi Technique

Fill in the missing word/s
Statement Answer/s
1 Businesses must invite a panel of … to research the complaints from experts
customers.
2 Experts do not have to be in one … and will be contacted individually. place
3 Design a … consisting of questions on how to improve the quality of their questionnaire
products and distribute it to the panel members/experts.
4 Request the panel to … respond to the questionnaire/suggest improvements individually
to the products and return it to the business
5 Summarise the … from the experts in a feedback report. responses
6 Send the report and a second set of questions/questionnaire based on the … feedback
report to the panel members.

- Application of the Delphi Techniques

Source: shorturl.at/lACDV
Date accessed: 9 May 2021
Publisher: Audiopedia

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1.9 Application of the Force Field Analysis

Fill in the missing word/s
Statements/s Answers
1 Describe the current … and the desired situation. situation/problem

2 List all driving/pros and restraining/cons forces that will.. and resist change. support
3 Allocate a … to each force using a numerical scale, where 1 is weak and 5 is score
strong.
4 Weigh up the positives and negatives then decide if the project is viable. decide
5 Choose the force with the highest score as the … solution
6 If the project is…, find ways to increase the forces for change. viable
7 Identify … and develop an action plan priorities

– Application of the Force Field Analysis

Source: shorturl.at/osRX1
Date accessed: 9 May 2021
Author: Howard Bailey

1.10 Advantages of working with others to solve problems

Statement/s Answer/s
1 Difficult to be creative and … on your own. Innovative
2 It helps if you can bounce … off others and get their opinion on a matter. ideas
3 Hearing other people expressing ideas often … more ideas in your own mind triggers
4 Working in groups, is a good way to … ideas. generate
5 With a group of people, the total experience and … increases. knowledge
6 This allows the group to view … from a different perspective. problems

Key concepts to remember

Creative thinking Delphi technique
Problem solving Force field analysis
Routine thinking Panel experts
Conventional thinking Work place

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2. STRESS, CRISIS & CHANGE MANGEMENT

The next topic that this booklet covers relate to stress and crisis management
2.1 Meaning of stress
Stress is the body's way of responding to change that requires a physical, mental or
emotional adjustment or response.

2.2 Causes of stress in the business environment

1. Workload 2. Organisational culture 3. Role within the organisation
4. Participation & Management 5. Work content 6. Working hours

Match the causes of stress listed above with the statements below:

Causes of Stress Statements

· Lack of variety
1 Work content · Unpleasant tasks
· Dangerous tasks
· To have too much or too little to do
2 Workload
· To work under time pressure
· Strict work schedules
3 Working hours · Long hours to work alone
· Unpredictable working hours
Participation & · Lack of participation in decision making
4
Management · Lack of control
· Unclear role in the organogram
Role within the
5 · Contradictory roles in the same work
organisation
· Responsibility for people
· Poor communication
Organisational
6 · Poor leadership
culture
· Lack of clarity on business goals

2.3 Importance of stress management in the workplace

Fill in the missing words:
Statements Answer/s
Reduced staff … and intention to leave, so improving retention. Turnover
Better… management. Absence
Fewer days … to sickness and absenteeism. Lost
Fewer … at work accidents
Improved … of work. Quality
Improved organizational … and reputation. Image
Better … understanding and tolerance of others experiencing problems. Staff

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2.4 Ways for employees to manage stress

Fill in the missing words:
Statements Answer/s
1 Be aware of your … that are fulfilling and rewarding needs/wants.
2 Predict stressful … and make changes where possible. Situations
3 Manage your … effectively time
4 Avoid … with co-workers in the workplace conflict
5 Get enough … to allow your body to relax sleep
6 Find a relaxation … that works for you. Technique
7 Follow a … lifestyle. Balanced
8 Find … ways to balance work with relaxation. Creative

2.5 Meaning of the term Crisis

· Crisis is any event that is expected to lead to an unstable and dangerous situation
affecting the business.
· It is a situation that is unpredictable, but it is not unexpected

2.6 Examples of crisis in the workplace

· Financial crisis · Workplace violence
· Technological crisis · Personnel crisis
· Natural crisis · Organisational crisis

2.7 Ways businesses can deal with crisis in the workplace.

Statements Answer
1 Communicate the crisis with all those involved, even if there isn’t a … yet. Solution
2 Communicate the … resolution. Potential
3 Have a … mindset. Flexible/growth
4 Evaluate the … objectively situation

2.8 Internal & External causes of change

Indicate which of the following statements refers to the internal causes or external causes
Statements Answer/s
1 Globalisation of markets. external
2 New competitors on the market. external
3 Changes in direction and objectives. internal
4 Changes in ideology of a company. internal

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2.9 Major changes that people and businesses deal with

1. Globalisation 2. Affirmative Action 3. Unemployment 4. Retrenchment

Match the major changes above with the statement below

Major changes Statements
1 Retrenchment · Business cuts the number of workers to reduce their wage and salary bill
· Business must operate with reduced staff and pay out joblosspackages
2 Unemployment · Change can lead to the business closing down, are sold or merge with
another business
· This reduces the standard of living of the community
3 Globalisation · Business can trade in different countries.
· Business must adapt to changes brought about by global trade
· New technology must be incorporated to make processes more
efficient.
· Product or service differentiation and improved quality is essential.
· This leads to strong competition.
4 Affirmative · Laws have forced business to ensure that they offer equal
Action opportunities to the previously disadvantaged.
· This can lead to resentment of affirmative action appointments.
· People who have been appointment in these positions struggle to be
accepted by other employees.

2.10 Strategies business can use to deal with globalisation and affirmative action.
Indicate which of the following statements refers to strategies to deal with globalisation or
affirmative action.
Statements Answer/s
1 Investigate overseas markets for your products. globalisation
2 Acknowledge and respect differences and focus on achieving the goals and affirmative
objectives. action
3 Look for self-employment opportunities. affirmative
action
4 Be aware of changes in your related industry. globalisation
5 Increase skills level in order to be more competitive for positions and affirmative
promotion. action
6 Source overseas manufacturers, materials, and suppliers. globalisation
7 Keep abreast of new technology, processes and developments that could give globalisation
your business a competitive edge.

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2.11 Ways business can manage change in the workplace

Fill in the missing word/s
Statements Answer/s
Utilize effective and appropriate … skills. decision-making
Utilize effective and appropriate approaches to … creativity.
Recognize and … change. accept
Manage unfamiliar situations and respond … to them. positively
Deal with … immediately conflict
Be … when dealing with change creative/versatile

Important Concepts
Stress Crisis Workload Organisational culture
Globalisation Affirmative Action Unemployment Retrenchment

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3. MARKETING FUNCTION
3.1 Meaning of marketing

· Marketing refers to activities a company undertakes to promote the buying or selling of a

product or service.
· Marketing includes advertising, selling, and delivering products to consumers or other
businesses.

3.2 Role of marketing function

Fill in the missing word

Statements Answers
1 To identify the … of customers needs
2 Share information gained from customers with the … function to ensure that production
the products/services offered meets the customers’ expectations.
3 Promoting the products/services that the … offer amongst customers. businesses
4 Providing … from customers about the businesses products/services and feedback
identifying areas of improvement.
5 Marketing shapes the experience … have after the products/services are customers
delivered to them.

3.3 Marketing activities

Match the marketing activities above with the statements below

Marketing activities Statements

1 Standardisation · Products sold under the same label for the same price; should be a
uniform size, shape and standard.
· Related products should therefore be identical.
· Mechanisation of the production process, has promoted the
standardisation of products.
2 Grading · Take place according to the quality of the products.
· Each level has specific criteria to measure the product.
· Allows the customers to choose the level of quality that best suits
their need and budget.
3 Storage · From the time products are finished with the production process, to
the time it is sold to the customer, the product must be stored
· Some products need specialised storage conditions.

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· Mass production have created a need for more storage.

4 Transport · Refers to the movement of products from one place to another
place.
· The production of products on large scale requires the transport
thereof to markets all over the country
· Transport makes it possible for certain products to be exported to
other countries.
5 Financing · Refers to the act of obtaining funds to ensure that business activities
could operate effectively in pursuit of the organisations’ objectives.
· Business acquires funding from financial institutions/investors to
expand/maintain operations.
· Loan financing are available from financial institutions and must be
repaid with interest over a certain period of time.
6 Risk bearing · All businesses carry risk such as unplanned and unforeseen
circumstances, e.g., outbreak of a pandemic
· This can impact on their productivity, production process, delivery,
quantity, and profit.
· Businesses may transfer possible risks to insurance companies.
7 Buying & Selling · The acts of buying and selling are integral parts of any business
activities.
· Buying and selling refers to the process of exchanging goods/services
for money.
· Manufacturers would buy raw materials, convert it into finished
products and sell the products to consumers.
· Consumers buys the finished products for consumption.

3.4 Product Policy

3.4.1 Consumer good/products
Lower Order Question 1 Name categories of consumer goods/products.
Middle Order Question 2 Outline/ Discuss categories of consumer goods/products.
Higher Order Question 3

Name categories of consumer goods/products.

Response required:

· Durable goods P
· Non-durable goods P
· Consumer products P
· Industrial products P
NB: You are guided by the action verb when answering a question in Section B and C
For questions that includes action verbs like name; give; mention, list, and state ONE mark is
awarded for a correct answer

3.4.2 Product development

Lower Order Question 1

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Middle Order Question 2 Explain/Discuss the importance of product development

Higher Order Question 3 Advise businesses on the importance of product development

3.4.3 Advise businesses on the importance of product development

Response required:

· It is critical for a business to develop new products/improve their current products if

· they want to stay in the market. PP
· Business must follow changing market demands and keep up to changes in
technology PP
· Diversify product offering to reduce risk and remain competitive PP

NB: You are guided by the action verb when answering a question in Section B and C
for questions that includes action verbs like advice; recommend; suggest; motivate; outline;
elaborate; support and classify TWO marks are awarded for a correct fact.

3.4.4 Product design

Lower Order Question 1 List the steps/stages of product design.

Middle Order Question 2 Outline/ Discuss/Explain the steps/stages of product design.
Higher Order Question 3

NB: Note the progression of the question from lower order question (List?) to middle order
question (Outline/Discuss/Explain?)
3.4.5 Purpose of packaging
Lower Order Question 1 State the purpose of packaging
Middle Order Question 2 Explain/Discuss the purpose of packaging
Higher Order Question 3 Advise businesses on the purposes of packaging

NB: Note the progression of the question from lower order question (State?) to middle order
question (Discuss/Explain?) to higher order question (Advise)

3.4.6 Types of packaging

Lower Order Question 1 Name examples of types/kinds of packaging.
Middle Order Question 2 Outline /Discuss/Describe/Classify types/kinds of packaging.
Higher Order Question 3

3.4.7 Meaning of Trademarks

Lower Order Question 1
Middle Order Question 2 Elaborate on the meaning of trademarks
Higher Order Question 3

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3.4.2 Elaborate on the meaning of trademarks

Response required:

· The term trademark refers to a recognizable phrase, word, or symbol P that denotes a
specific product that legally differentiates it from all other products of its kind. P
· A trademark exclusively identifies a product as belonging to a specific organisation Pand
recognizes the company's ownership of the brand. P
· Trademarks are generally considered a form of intellectual propertyP and may or may not
be registered. P
NB: You are guided by the action verb when answering a question in Section B and C
For questions that includes action verbs like discuss; explain; elaborate; differentiate;
evaluate; analyse; describe; define; tabulate; and compare TWO marks are awarded but
split/part marking is applied. ONE mark is awarded for a correct fact and ONE mark for an
explanation or motivation of the facts

3.4.8 Importance of Trademarks

Lower Order Question 1
Middle Order Question 2 Discuss/Explain/Describe the importance of trademarks to businesses
and consumers.
Higher Order Question 3

3.4.9 Requirements of a good Trademark

Lower Order Question 1 List the requirements of a good trademark.
Middle Order Question 2 Outline /Explain the requirements of a good trade mark.
Higher Order Question 3 Recommend requirements of a good trade mark to businesses

Required response:

1. It must be distinctive (not descriptive).

2. It must be in use in commerce

Key concepts:

Marketing Standardisation Grading Transport

Risk bearing Buying & selling Financing Storage
Consumer products Industrial products Durable products Non-durable products
Product development Product design Packaging Trademarks

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4. PRODUCTION FUNCTION
This topic deals with aspects relating to the production function:
4.1 Production planning

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Define the term production planning.
Higher Order Question 3

4.2 Aspects that must be considered during production planning

Lower Order Question 1 Mention aspects that must be considered during production planning
Middle Order Question 2 Outline/Explain/Discuss aspects that must be considered during
production planning
Higher Order Question 3

NB: Note the progression of the question from lower order question (Mention?) to middle order
question (Outline/Discuss/Explain?)
4.2.1 Mention aspects that must be considered during production planning

· Planning
· Routing
· Scheduling
· Loading

4.2.2 Outline/Explain/Discuss aspects that must be considered during production planning

1. Planning:
· Refers to the planning of each aspect of the overall process.
· Includes the layout of the factory
· Flow of materials through the process.
· Decisions are taken to determine what materials to use and how many to purchase.
· Budgets, machines, and manpower are calculated and used to determine expected output

2. Routing:
· Establishes the best and cheapest way to sequence the production process.
· This involves the process time and production order.
· Routing determines:
o quality and type of raw materials.
o manufacturing process and sequence.
o specification of the final product.
o cost analysis.

3. Scheduling:
· Refers to the timing of the production process.
· Prioritises certain jobs.
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· Determines which jobs need to be completed before the next one can take place.
· Time periods that need to be worked out and considered include:
o preparation of the material.
o delivery of the raw materials.
o process from raw material to finished product.
o delivery of the final product

4. Loading:
· Involves allocating every person or machine to their specific task.

4.3 Advantages of production planning

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Explain/Discuss the advantages of production planning.
Higher Order Question 3

4.3.1 Explain/Discuss the advantages of production planning.

Complete the missing word

Statements Answer
1 Efficient production planning allows a business to meet its … and prevents demands
problems that could cause unnecessary expenses and wastage
2 By setting standards, planning shows what level of … must be met and allows this quality
to be monitored
3 Proper planning allows … to be used efficiently and profits to be maximised. resources

4.4 Meaning of production control

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Explain the meaning of production control.
Higher Order Question 3

4.5 Aspects that must be considered during production control

Lower Order Question 1 Mentions aspects that must be considered during production control
Middle Order Question 2 Outline/ Explain/Discuss aspects that must be considered during
production control
Higher Order Question 3

NB: Note the progression of the question from lower order question (Mention?) to middle order
question (Outline/Discuss/Explain?)
4.6 Reasons why businesses must manage safety in the workplace.

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Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Explain the reasons why businesses must manage safety in the
workplace.
Higher Order Question 3

Fill in the missing word:

Statements Answer/s
1 Businesses create a … work environment and demonstrate a commitment to productive
securing the premises from avoidable accidents
2 Absenteeism rates drop when safety programs are a priority because … are less injuries
likely to happen because employees are properly trained to use equipment.
3 High standards are set and met in the … as employees know that their safety workplace
depends on it
4 Employees are … when they come to a safe work environment. happier
5 Workers’ compensation insurance claims … as a culture of safety reduces the decrease
number of claims employees file each year.

4.7 Requirements for a safe environment

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Explain/Discuss the requirements for a safe environment
Higher Order Question 3

4.8 Precautionary measure that businesses should take when handling machinery.

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Explain/Discuss precautionary measure that businesses should take
when handling machinery.

Higher Order Question 3 Recommend precautionary measure that businesses should take
when handling machinery.

NB: Note the progression of the question from middle order question (Explain/Discuss?) to higher
order question (Recommend?)
4.9 Purpose of the Occupational Health and Safety Act.

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Explain the purpose of the Occupational Health and Safety Act.
Higher Order Question 3

4.10 Ways in which businesses can comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act.

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2
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Higher Order Question 3 Recommend/Suggest ways in which businesses can comply with the
Occupational Health and Safety Act.

4.11 Meaning of quality control

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Define the term quality control
Higher Order Question 3

4.12 Total Quality Management [TQM]

Lower Order Question 1

Middle Order Question 2 Explain Total Quality Management (TQM) as part of quality
management system.
Higher Order Question 3

4.13 Quality Control Bodies

Lower Order Question 1 Mention examples of quality control bodies

Middle Order Question 2 Outline quality control bodies
Higher Order Question 3

NB: Note the progression of the question from lower order question (Mention?) to middle order
question (Outline?)
Key concepts:
Production planning Production control Safety in the workplace Workplace environment
Occupational Health Quality Total Quality Quality control bodies
and safety Act [OHSA] Management [TQM]

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5. PROFESSIONALISM & ETHICS

5.1 Meaning of ethical and professional behaviour

Ethical behaviour Professional behaviour

· Refers to acting in ways consistent with · Professionalism refers to the competent
what society and individuals think are and skilful behaviour expected of a
good values. professional person.
· Ethical behaviour is expected from every · It includes taking pride in your actions and
employee in the business. never compromising your standards.
· It means that the highest legal and moral · Professionalism is an attitude towards what
standards are upheld when dealing with you do and towards the people around you.
stakeholders.

5.2 Differences between ethical- and professional behaviour

Indicate which of the following statements refer to ethical- and professional behaviour

Statements Answer/s
1 Applying a code of conduct of a profession or business Professional
2 Refers to the principles of right and wrong/acceptable in society Ethical
3 Refers to what is right / wrong / acceptable in a business Professional
4 Includes guidelines on employees’ appearance / communication / attitude / Professional
responsibility, etc.
5 Conforms to a set of values that are morally acceptable Ethical
6 Forms part of a code of conduct to guide employees to act ethically Ethical
7 Involves following the principles of right and wrong in business practices Ethical
8 Set of standards of expected behaviour Professional
9 Focuses on upholding the reputation of a business/profession Ethical
10 Focuses on developing a moral compass for decision making Professional

5.3 Principles of Professionalism

1. Confidentiality 2. Respect 3. Objectivity

4. Integrity 5. Competency

Match the principle of professionalism listed above, with the statements below:

Principles of Statements
Professionalism
1 Competency Employees apply their knowledge and skills in the interests of society and the
environment.
2 Integrity Employees work with honesty, according to the law and generally accepted
norms of professional conduct.
3 Respect Employees respect the dignity and rights of others and the image of the
profession or business.
4 Objectivity Employees act in a way that is fair and just to all without any bias or favour.
5 Confidentiality Employees do not divulge any details of the business or clients to others
or use confidential information for their own benefit.
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5.4. Principles of Ethics

1. Commitment 2. Avoid self-interest 3. Transparency

4. Environment responsibility 5. Caring

Match the principle of ethics listed above, with the statements below:

Principles of Ethics Statement/s

1 Transparency Pay heed to transparency and full disclosure of information
2 Avoid self-interest Avoid conflict of interest.
3 Commitment Employees respect the dignity and rights of others and the image
of the profession or business.
4 Caring Practice social responsibility.
5 Environment responsibility Look after the environment.

5.5 Theories of Ethics

1. Consequential theory 2. The common good approach 3. The rights approach

Fill in the missing words

Statements Answer/s
1 The focus is on individual rights where people are treated with respect The rights approach
and dignity.
2 If the expected result is good then it's ethically right to do, if it's bad Consequential theory
then it is wrong.
3 Theory determines whether to do or not do something based on the Consequential theory
expected result of the action.
4 Ensures that business values and ethical principles are in line with the The common good
society in which the business operates. approach
5 Theory tries to answer the ethical questions about right or wrong and Consequential theory
how we arrive at this answer.
6 No person should be ill-treated. The rights approach
7 Business does not impose its mission or products on people. The rights approach
8 Recognises that ethics and values vary from area to area and from The common good
country to country. approach

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5.6 Good and Bad Decisions

Good Decision Bad Decisions

· Often these right decisions are made with · These are often the result of spur of the moment
thought, sufficient information and by decisions, without having all the facts available or
following ethical principles. checking if they are complete and correct.
· It is often best to follow your instinct once · The opinions of other stakeholders are not
you have all the facts. considered.
· The consequences and ethics are not considered.
Example: When an up and-coming business Example: when businesses employ staff in a
decides to expand its premises to accommodate position when they do not have adequate job
additional operational experience. This may result in losses for
activities. In the long term, the decision taken will the business as the employee/s may not be able
increase the value and profits of the business. to perform their work at the expected level.

5.7 Ways in which professional, responsible, ethical, and effective business practice should be
conducted

Fill in the missing word/s

Statements Answer/s
1 Refrain from starting a venture using other businesses' ideas that are … by protected
law.
2 Business decisions and actions must be … to all stakeholders. clear/transparent
3 Businesses should be … for their decisions and actions accountable
/responsible
4 Hire … accountants/financial officers with good credentials. honest/trustworthy
5 Regular … of taxes payment
6 Draw up a … of ethics/conduct. code
7 On-going … for all employees. development/training
8 Performance … systems should be in place. management
9 Providing good … products to consumers quality

5.8 Advantages/Benefits of ethical business ventures.

· Build a good reputation.
· Create loyal customers.
· Keep staff morale high.
· Boost investor confidence.

Examples of ethical business practices:

• Avoid illegal business practice through compliance with the business code of conduct.
• Establish corporate social responsibility initiatives as part of the business’ Vision and mission.
• Make use of fair advertising practices.
• Put policies and procedures in place to maintain the confidentiality.
• Conduct transparent and honest business deals.
• Pay fair wages and salaries to employees.
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5.9 Perspective on Ethics: Fill in the missing words

Statements Answers
1 Ethics are not … universal
2 Ethics … according to culture, religion, socialisation, and education. differ
3 There is no … right or absolute wrong when it comes to ethics. absolute
4 Each … needs to decide by itself what is acceptable. society
5 Business is entitled to decide the kind of … that it demands from its employees. behaviour
6 This is where a … of ethics is useful. code

Important concepts

Ethical behaviour Professional behaviour Integrity Competency

Confidentiality Respect Objectivity Caring
Transparency Commitment Avoid self-interest Good decisions
Environment responsibility Bad decisions Ethical business ventures Stakeholders
Consequential theory The common good The rights approach Perspective of ethics
approach

6. EXAMINATION TIPS
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Section A-Type Questions

· Try to work out the answer without looking at the possibilities.
· Read through the statement and all the options.
· Underline the key words in the statement.
· Cross out the options that are definitely incorrect.
· Read through the statement again and select the most appropriate answer from the options remaining.
· Write down your answer and move to the next question
· Go back to the questions you were not sure of at the end of the paper.
· DO NOT leave any answer blank

1. The ... problem solving technique is being used to solve new and complex problems.

A. Innovative
B. Force field analysis
C. Delphi
D. Technological

· The two incorrect options are A and D – they're not problem-solving techniques – Draw a line through it
· The answer should therefore be B or C – they are both problem solving techniques
· B is used to support changes in the business
· C is used to get experts to solve new and complex problems
· The answer, therefore, is C

Section C: Essay-type Questions

Production control includes important aspects. It is important that employers create a safe workplace for all
employees. Production planning forms an integral part of the production process. Businesses have a
responsibility to comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act.

Write an essay on the production functions in which you include the following aspects:

· Outline the aspects to be considered during production control

· Explain the reasons why businesses need to manage safety in the workplace
· Discuss the following aspects to consider during production planning
o Routing
o Scheduling
· Recommend how businesses can comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act. [40]

Examination Tips
Introduction Body
· Start with the word “Introduction” as a heading · Use information in the bullet points below the
· Write an opening statement that links to the preamble as headings in the body
instructions of the essay question · Break up the information into logical parts, making
· Give TWO meaningful facts to obtain maximum 2 use of heading and sub headings
marks [2 x 1=2] · The maximum marks obtained for the body = 32
· Do not repeat or use the words that are in the marks
preamble. · Don’t repeat facts, get to the point
· Responses must be bulleted and in full sentences
Put your statements in context

2023 Business Studies Term 2 Revision Booklet

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Conclusion LASO
· Start with the word “conclusion” as a heading. · Write the words Introduction and Conclusion to
· Briefly summarise the main points and focus of the obtain full marks for layout.
essay · Write sub-headings that appear in the question
· End your essay with a meaningful fact – not paper to obtain ONE mark for analysis.
repeating what was said in the introduction or body · Ensure that you write as many correct facts as you
Give at least one meaningful closing statement - can that amount to at least 16 marks or more in the
[1x2=2] body to obtain another ONE mark for analysis.
· Write only responses relevant to the questions
asked to obtain two marks for synthesis.
· Use at least TWO current examples to elaborate on
facts to obtain two marks for originality.

Acknowledgement of Sources:

1. 2022 WCED Gr 11 Business Studies Core Notes

2. 2023 WCED Gr 11 Business Studies Learner book
3. Google Images

2023 Business Studies Term 2 Revision Booklet