Scribd
Upload
10 views

Sst g6 Lesson Notes 0774840988

The document provides an overview of Eastern Africa, detailing its eleven countries, their sizes, and geographical positions. It discusses the region's physical features, including mountains, lakes, and plains, as well as the formation processes of these features. Additionally, it covers the concepts of latitudes and longitudes, emphasizing their significance in locating places on a map.

Uploaded by

Justine Mwenda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views

Sst g6 Lesson Notes 0774840988

The document provides an overview of Eastern Africa, detailing its eleven countries, their sizes, and geographical positions. It discusses the region's physical features, including mountains, lakes, and plains, as well as the formation processes of these features. Additionally, it covers the concepts of latitudes and longitudes, emphasizing their significance in locating places on a map.

Uploaded by

Justine Mwenda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

GRADE 6

SOCIAL STUDIES LESSON NOTES

NATURAL AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS


Position and Size of Countries in Eastern Africa
Countries in Eastern Africa
 Eastern Africa is the region located in the Eastern region of Africa.
 It is made up of eleven independent countries namely:-
1) Sudan
2) Ethiopia
3) Tanzania
4) Somalia
5) South Sudan
6) Kenya
7) Uganda
8) Eritrea
9) Burundi
10) Rwanda
11) Djibouti

NB
 Sudan is the largest country in Eastern Africa
 South Sudan became independent in JULY 2011
 Djibouti is the smallest country in Eastern Africa
 Countries without a coastline are called landlocked e.g. Burundi, Uganda, Rwanda,
Ethiopia and South Sudan.
POSITION OF COUNTRIES OF EASTERN AFRICAN
 Using a compass you can locate position of a country in relation to her neighbours.
 Kenya lies to the -:
i. North east of Tanzania
ii. South of Ethiopia
iii. South east of South Sudan,
iv. East of Uganda
v. West of Somalia
 Immediate neighbours of Kenya are Tanzania, Uganda, south Sudan. Ethiopia, and
Somalia.

SIZE OF THE COUNTRIES OF EASTERN AFRICA

COUNTRY SIZE in square kilometres (km2)


Sudan 1.886 million km2
Tanzania 945,087 km2
Somalia 637,655 km2
South sudan 644,329 km2
Kenya 580,367 km2
Uganda 241,037km2
Eritrea 117, 598 km2
Burundi 27,834 km2
Rwanda 26, 338 km2
Djibouti 23,200 km2
Ethiopia 1.104 million km2

LOCATING PLACES ON A MAP USING LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES


 Eastern Africa lies within latitudes 22 ̊N AND 12 ̊S and between longitudes 22 ̊E and
51 ̊E/52 ̊E.

Latitudes
 These are imaginary lines that runs from west to east
 They are also called parallels
 The main line of latitude is equator at 0 ̊
 Equator divides the earth into two equal halves called hemisphere.
Characteristics of latitudes
 They are parallel
 They are of different lengths
 They affect climate
 They are measured in degrees from the equator
 They are 180 lines of latitudes in total
Latitudes lines are;
 Equator at 00
 The tropic of cancer 23 ½º N
 The arctic circle 66 ½ ̊ N
 The tropic of Capricorn 23 ½º S
 The Antarctic circle 66 ½º S

LONGITUDES
 These are imaginary lines that run from North Pole to south pole of the earth
 They are also called meridians or horizontals
 Main line of longitude is Greenwich meridian at 0 ̊
 Greenwich meridian is also called prime meridian
 Prime meridian passes through the Greenwich town in London and Accra in Ghana

Characteristics of longitudes
 They run from north to south
 They are not parallel
 They meet at the poles. They affect time
 They are of the same length
 They are measured in degrees east or west of prime meridian
 They are 360 ̊ lines of longitudes in total.

º
TOWN LOCATION
1 Nairobi 1.3º S, 36.8ºE
2 Dodoma 6.5738 S, 6.2631º E
3 Kampala 0.3634º N, 32.6051º E
4 Mogadishu 2.0º N, 45.3º E
5 Kigali 1.9441º S, 30.06º E
6 Bujumbura 3.36º S , 29.3599º E
7 Asmara 15.3381º N, 39.9318º S
8 Khartoum 15.30º N, 32.31º E
9 Djibouti 11.8251º N, 42.5903º E
10 Juba 0.2240º N, 41.6012º E
11 Addis ababa 8.9806º N, 7578º E

UNITY OF EASTERN AFRICA COUNTRIES


Unity among Eastern African countries can be promote through
1. Trade
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
MAIN PHYSICAL FEATURES IN EASTERN AFRICA
Physical features are naturally things found on the surface of the earth
They include:
1) Mountains
2) Valleys
3) Plateaus
4) Ocean
5) Seas
6) Gorges
7) Plains
8) Lakes
9) Rivers
10) Swamps
11) Hills, rangers

THE MAIN PHYSICAL FEATURES IN EASTERN AFRICA


1. Mountains
 Are masses of very high land.
 They are the highest physical features on the earth.

Major mountains in Eastern Africa are


KENYA TANZANIA UGANDA SUDAN ETHIOPIA
Mt.kenya Mt.kilimanjaro Ruwenzori Jabel-marra Ras dashan
Mt.longonot Mt.meru Nubadarfur Guna
Mt.marsabit Pare mts Kissu Danakil alps
Mt .kulal Ngorongoro
crater
Menengai Lool molasin
crater

2. Rift valley
 A valley is a low lying are with steep slopes.
 In Eastern African the rift valley has 2 branches that stretch across several countries
 The two branches are the Eastern rift valley and the western rift valley
3. LAKES
 A lake is a water body that is surrounded by land
 A hollow/depression filled with water
 We have 1) Fresh water lakes 2) salty water lakes
 Main lakes in Eastern Africa are

KENYA UGANDA TANZANIA ETHIOPIA RWANDA


Turkana Albert Natron Chamo ruhondo
Baringo Edward Manyara Abaya kivu
Bogoria Bunyonyi Eyasi Steffanie
Nakuru Bisini Rukwa Shala
Elementaita George Malawi Tana
Naivasha Kyoga tanganyika
Magadi Kivu
Jipe mutanda
Chala

4. Plains
 Are low lying areas of almost flat land.
 Examples
KENYA UGANDA TANZANIA SOMALIA
Lotikipi, awara, Luwero Serengeti Bilesha
kano,
Kaputei, loita, Nakasongola Maasai Sarar
Budalangi,kapiti Haded
bilesha
FORMATION OF MAIN PHYSICAL FEATURES OF EASTERN AFRICA
Formation of volcanic mountains
 They are also called volcanoes
 They are formed through the process of volcanicity/eruption.
 Eruption is when the hot molten material underground is forced out by great pressure
 The hot molten material is called magma
 When magma gets to the surface is called lava
 The magma gets out through a main pipe called vent
 The opening at the top of a volcanic mountain is called a crater
 Most mountains in Eastern africa are volcaning mountains

 Examples
KENYA UGANDA TANZANIA RWANDA
Kenya Mt meru Mt karisimbi
Elgon Mt Nyiragongo
Kilimanjaro
Longonot Ngorongoro
Menengai Lool malsin
crater
Marsabit
Suswa
Kulal

Formation of Block Mountains


 They are also called horst mountains
 They were formed through faulting and uplifting process
 Faults are lines of weakness
 Faults were developed as a result of forces acting on the layers of the earth
 The forces involved are tensional and compressional forces
 The middle block was pushed upward by underground forces
 The underground forces called up thrust force
 Examples
ETHIOPIA UGANDA TANZANIA
Danakali alps Ruwenzori Pare
usambara
Formation of the rift valley
 The rift valley was formed when two cracks or fault line formed within the crustal rocks
 The land between the two faults sunk forming a valley
 Was formed through the faulting process
 Formed by either tensional or compressional forces
 When two parallel faults developed the tensional forces pulls the rocks apart
 The middle block between the faults sink
 The steep sides of a rift valley are called escarpments

You might also like