Scribd
Upload
6 views

T-Test.pptx

The document provides an overview of T-tests, which are statistical methods used to compare groups. It explains different types of T-tests, including paired sample, equal variance, and unequal variance T-tests, along with their formulas and conditions for use. Additionally, it outlines the data requirements for conducting an independent samples T-test.

Uploaded by

shruti.majumder2026
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

T-Test.pptx

The document provides an overview of T-tests, which are statistical methods used to compare groups. It explains different types of T-tests, including paired sample, equal variance, and unequal variance T-tests, along with their formulas and conditions for use. Additionally, it outlines the data requirements for conducting an independent samples T-test.

Uploaded by

shruti.majumder2026
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

T-test

Sonal Purohit, Ph.D, Post-doc


Associate Professor, Marketing Area
SIBM, SIU
What is a T-Test?

Used for comparison between groups

Source: Available at
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/t-test.asp#:~:text=A%20t%2Dtest%20is%20an,flipping%20a%20coin%20100%20times. (Accessed
17/02/24)
What is a T Score?
T-Score

A large t-score, or t-value, indicates that the groups are different while a small
t-score indicates that the groups are similar.
Types of T-test

Paired Sample T-Test (Before and after)

T= mean1−mean2/s(diff)/(n)

mean1 and mean2=The average values of each of the sample sets


s(diff)=The standard deviation of the differences of the paired data
values
n=The sample size (the number of paired differences)
n−1=The degrees of freedom
Equal Variance or Pooled T-Test (When number of subjects in each group is same)

T-value=mean1−mean2/n1+n2−2(n1−1)×var12+(n2−1)×var2×n1+n2-2*√1/n1+1/n2
where:
mean1 and mean2=Average values of each
of the sample sets
var1 and var2=Variance of each of the sample sets
n1 and n2=Number of records in each sample set
Degrees of Freedom=n1+n2−2
where:
n1 and n2=Number of records in each sample set
Unequal Variance T-Test (number of samples in each group is different, and the variance of the two data sets is also different)

T-value=mean1−mean2/√(var1/n1+var2/n2)

where:
mean1 and mean2=Average values of each
of the sample sets
var1 and var2=Variance of each of the sample sets
n1 and n2=Number of records in each sample set
Unequal Variance T-Test (number of samples in each group is different, and the variance of the two data sets is also different)

T-value=mean1−mean2/√(var1/n1+var2/n2)

where:
mean1 and mean2=Average values of each
of the sample sets
var1 and var2=Variance of each of the sample sets
n1 and n2=Number of records in each sample set
Unequal Variance T-Test (number of samples in each group is different, and the variance of the two data sets is also different)

T-value=mean1−mean2/√(var1/n1+var2/n2)

where:
mean1 and mean2=Average values of each
of the sample sets
var1 and var2=Variance of each of the sample sets
n1 and n2=Number of records in each sample set
Which T-Test to Use?
Independent Samples t Test

Data Requirements
• Dependent variable that is continuous (i.e., interval or ratio level)
• Independent variable that is categorical and has exactly two categories
• Cases that have values on both the dependent and independent variables
• Independent samples/groups (i.e., independence of observations)
❖ There is no relationship between the subjects in each sample. This means that:
❖ Subjects in the first group cannot also be in the second group
❖ No subject in either group can influence subjects in the other group
❖ No group can influence the other group
❖ Violation of this assumption will yield an inaccurate p value
● Random sample of data from the population
● Normal distribution
●
For example:

● Your independent variable is social media use, and you assign groups to low, medium, and high

levels of social media use to find out if there is a difference in hours of sleep per night.

● Your independent variable is brand of soda, and you collect data on Coke, Pepsi, Sprite, and

Fanta to find out if there is a difference in the price per 100ml.

● You independent variable is type of fertilizer, and you treat crop fields with mixtures 1, 2 and 3 to

find out if there is a difference in crop yield.

You might also like