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Internal_Resistance_EMF_Project

The project aims to study the factors affecting the internal resistance and EMF of a cell, including temperature, electrolyte concentration, electrode distance, and area. The experiment involves measuring terminal voltage and current using a circuit with a voltmeter and ammeter, and calculating internal resistance with Ohm's law. Observations will be recorded and analyzed to understand how these factors influence a cell's performance.

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abinaja1111
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4 views

Internal_Resistance_EMF_Project

The project aims to study the factors affecting the internal resistance and EMF of a cell, including temperature, electrolyte concentration, electrode distance, and area. The experiment involves measuring terminal voltage and current using a circuit with a voltmeter and ammeter, and calculating internal resistance with Ohm's law. Observations will be recorded and analyzed to understand how these factors influence a cell's performance.

Uploaded by

abinaja1111
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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To Study the Factors on Which the Internal Resistance and EMF of a Cell

Depend

Project Title: To Study the Factors on Which the Internal Resistance and EMF of a Cell Depend

Objective:

To study how various factors affect the internal resistance and EMF (electromotive force) of a cell.

Apparatus Required:

- Voltmeter (0-3V)

- Ammeter (0-1A)

- Battery or cell (e.g., dry cell)

- Rheostat (variable resistor)

- Key (switch)

- Connecting wires

- Resistance box or load resistors

Theory:

The EMF of a cell is the potential difference between its terminals when no current is drawn from it.

Internal resistance is the resistance offered by the electrolyte and electrodes inside the cell.

According to Ohm's law:

V = E - Ir

Where:

- V = Terminal voltage
- E = EMF of the cell

- I = Current

- r = Internal resistance

Rearranged:

r = (E - V) / I

Factors Affecting Internal Resistance and EMF:

1. Temperature of the electrolyte

2. Concentration and type of electrolyte

3. Distance between electrodes

4. Area of electrodes

5. Nature of the electrodes

Procedure:

1. Connect the circuit with the voltmeter, ammeter, cell, and rheostat.

2. Close the key and record the terminal voltage and current for different loads.

3. Calculate internal resistance using the formula r = (E - V) / I.

4. Repeat the experiment by changing variables like electrode distance, electrolyte type, etc.

5. Plot relevant graphs to show dependence.

Observations:

Record values of current (I), terminal voltage (V), and calculate r for each trial.

Conclusion:

The internal resistance and EMF of a cell depend on multiple physical and chemical factors.

By adjusting these variables, we can observe changes in internal resistance.

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