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Thermofluids Chapter 1 Lesson 1 Ws

Chapter 1 of ME1401 covers the basics of fluid mechanics, focusing on fluid properties such as density, viscosity, and specific gravity. It explains the distinction between fluids and solids, introduces Newton's Law of Viscosity, and provides examples and calculations related to shear stress and velocity profiles in fluid flow. The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding fluid behavior in various applications.

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10 views

Thermofluids Chapter 1 Lesson 1 Ws

Chapter 1 of ME1401 covers the basics of fluid mechanics, focusing on fluid properties such as density, viscosity, and specific gravity. It explains the distinction between fluids and solids, introduces Newton's Law of Viscosity, and provides examples and calculations related to shear stress and velocity profiles in fluid flow. The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding fluid behavior in various applications.

Uploaded by

mexefi6038
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 1 Basics of Fluid Mechanics ME1401

Lesson 1 Basic Fluid Properties

1. Fluids include both liquids and gases. Gases are highly while liquids are
nearly .
2. Fluids cannot resist stress without moving. This is the most important
distinction between fluids and solids.
3. Density measures the of a fluid.
Density, denoted by the symbol , is defined as .
The density of liquids is usually considered as liquids are nearly
incompressible, whereas the density of gases .
Specific Volume (v) is defined as and it is the inverse of .
Specific Gravity (SG) or Relative Density (RD) is defined as .
4. Viscosity measures the of a fluid to flow. There are dynamic viscosity,
denoted by , and kinematic viscosity, denoted by . The relationship
between dynamic and kinematic viscosity is .
5. Newton’s Law of Viscosity is governed by the equation , where
is called velocity gradient.

6. Prove that the units for dynamic viscosity, namely, kg/m·s, N·s/m2, and Pa ·s, are
equivalent to each other.

7. Two plates are separated by a layer of liquid with a viscosity of 1.6 x 10-3 Pa·s. The
top plate moves with a constant speed of 3 m/s while the bottom plate is held
stationary. The gap width between the two plates is 1.5 mm and the area of each
plate is 1.2 m2. Determine the
(a) shear stress and shear force between the liquid and the top plate
(b) force needed to pull the top plate to maintain its constant velocity.

1
Chapter 1 Basics of Fluid Mechanics ME1401

8. As a liquid flows, the velocity is measured to be 0.15 m/s at a point of 19 mm from


the stationary solid-liquid boundary. The viscosity and density of the liquid is 1.1×10-4
m2/s and 900 kg/m3 respectively. Assuming the velocity distribution is linear, sketch
the velocity profile and calculate the shear stress developed.

9. A fluid is sandwiched between two plates with a distance of 75 mm. The top plate is
moving at 1.5 m/s and the bottom plate is moving at 0.5 m/s. The fluid has a
viscosity 0.048 Pa·s. Assuming linear velocity distribution,
(a) sketch the velocity profile
(b) what is the velocity gradient and shear stress between the fluid and the bottom
plate?

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