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22BCE10575

The document outlines an experiment involving the design and simulation of a hub-based network using Cisco Packet Tracer, incorporating five workstations and Class A IP addressing. It details the objectives, required apparatus, theoretical background on hubs and Class A addressing, and step-by-step instructions for network setup and testing. The results demonstrate the broadcasting nature of hubs and the communication capabilities of PCs within the same Class A network.

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Riddhika Tripathi
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13 views7 pages

22BCE10575

The document outlines an experiment involving the design and simulation of a hub-based network using Cisco Packet Tracer, incorporating five workstations and Class A IP addressing. It details the objectives, required apparatus, theoretical background on hubs and Class A addressing, and step-by-step instructions for network setup and testing. The results demonstrate the broadcasting nature of hubs and the communication capabilities of PCs within the same Class A network.

Uploaded by

Riddhika Tripathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name- Sanskriti Agarwal

Reg no- 22BCE10570


Slot- A14+D11+D12

ACTIVITY 1

Experiment 1

Objective:
Design and simulation of Physical layer device –Hubs taking minimum 5
workstations and considering class A address.

Apparatus Required:
1. Cisco Packet Tracer Software
2. 5 PCs (Workstations)
3. 1 Hubs (Physical Layer Device)
4. Copper Straight-Through Cables
5. Class A IP Address Scheme for configuration
6. Laptop
7. Mouse

Theory:
Hubs are physical layer devices that operate using simple broadcasting methods.
They do not differentiate between hosts and simply forward incoming packets to
all connected devices. Hubs work on Layer 1 of the OSI model and do not inspect
or manage data traffic intelligently like switches. They are used in small networks
for basic connectivity but are less efficient due to the lack of collision avoidance
and data management.

Class A Addressing
Class A IP addresses are used for networks with a large number of hosts. The IP
address format for Class A is `1.0.0.0` to `126.255.255.255`, with a subnet mask
of `255.0.0.0`, meaning the first octet represents the network part of the address.
Steps to Design the Network:
1. Launch Cisco Packet Tracer.
2. Add 5 PCs (PC1 to PC5) from the End Devices section onto the workspace.
3. Add a Hubs from the Network Devices > Hubs section.
4. Connect PCs to Hub1 using Copper Straight-Through Cables:
- Connect each PC to different ports on Hub1.
5. Configure IP Addresses:
- Assign Class A IP addresses to each PC:
- PC1: IP Address: `10.0.0.1`, Subnet Mask: `255.0.0.0`
- PC2: IP Address: `10.0.0.2`, Subnet Mask: `255.0.0.0`
- PC3: IP Address: `10.0.0.3`, Subnet Mask: `255.0.0.0`
- PC4: IP Address: `10.0.0.4`, Subnet Mask: `255.0.0.0`

Network Diagram:
Results/Observation:
1. Real-Time Mode: In real-time mode, all PCs connected to the hubs should be
able to communicate with each other by broadcasting packets to all connected
devices.
Check Connectivity:
• Open the Command Prompt on PC0 and use the ping command:
ping 10.0.0.2
• If successful, the real-time replies should respond to the ping request, showing
that the network is functioning.
2. Simulation Mode: In simulation mode, you can analyze packet flow between
the
workstations. Using the Capture/Forward button, it is possible to visually trace
how the
packets are forwarded by the hubs without any logic or filtering.
Switch to Simulation Mode:
• At the bottom of Cisco Packet Tracer, switch to Simulation Mode.
• Click Play and use Capture/Forward to step through each packet transmission.
• Observe how the packet is broadcasted to all connected PCs in the hub,
illustrating how hubs operate in contrast to switches.
Result:
The simulation of a hub-based network with 5 workstations using Class A IP
addresses successfully demonstrates the following:
1. Hubs broadcast data to all connected devices, causing potential network
inefficiency as traffic increases.
2. PCs within the same Class A network can communicate effectively in real-time.
3. The physical layer operations of hubs can be visualized using simulation mode
in Packet Tracer, which shows how data is sent to all devices without routing or
filtering.
II. Identification of hardware components/cables used to realize the same.

The hardware components and cables used in your experiment for designing and
simulating a hub-based network in Cisco Packet Tracer include:

Hardware Components:

1.​ 5 PCs (Workstations) – End devices used for network communication.


2.​ 1 Hub (Physical Layer Device) – A Layer 1 device that broadcasts data to all
connected devices.
3.​ Laptop – Possibly used for configuring and managing the network.
4.​ Mouse – Used for navigation and configuration in Cisco Packet Tracer.

Cables Used:

1.​ Copper Straight-Through Cables – Used to connect PCs to the hub.

These components are essential for setting up the basic hub-based network and ensuring
proper communication between devices.

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