1

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University

Synopsis Report on
“Sustainable Transportation System”

Submitted by:-
Miss. Sanjana Bawane
Miss. Pratiksha Bhoyar
Mr. Vaibhav Mase
Mr. Roshan Kuyte
Mr. Kuldeep Nikode

Under the guidance of

Prof. Shreyali Pratapwar

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

BALLARPUR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BALLARPUR

2024-2025
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SYNOPSIS REPORT ON
“Sustainable Transportation System”

This synopsis report is submitted to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar

Technological University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
degree Bachelor of Civil Engineering.

Under the guidance of

Prof. Shreyali Pratapwar

Prof. Neeraj Singh Bais Dr. Rajnikant

Head of Department Principal

Department of Civil Engineering

Ballarpur Institute of Technology
Ballarpur (442701)
(2024-2025)
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CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4
ABSTRACT 5
INTRODUCTION 6
LITERATURE SURVEY 7-10
AIM 11
OBJECTIVE 12
METHODOLOGY 13-15
MERITS 16
SCOPE OF WORK 17-18
FIGURES 19-20
REFERENCE 21
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Through perseverance and enthusiasm combined with efforts in the right direction can
bring forth the thing called success, but the realization of the harsh reality that the path
towards success is full of myriads, temptations, impediments and pitfalls often proves to be
disheartening in such situation.

It is the able guidance of knowledgeable persons that steers one through difficulties and
help us to achieve success.

We are highly obliged to express our deep sense of gratitude and grateful thanks to our
Industrial Case Study coordinator and Lecturer of Civil Engineering, “Prof. Shreyali
Pratapwar” for his valuable guidance and support which led to the successful and timely
completion of our report.

We are also very much grateful to our honourable Head of the Civil Engineering
Department Prof. N. D. Bais and Principal Dr. Rajnikant for providing us with the
necessary administrative and academic facilities. We are also very much grateful to our
honourable Secretary Shri. Sanjay Wasade and honorable Chairman Shri. Adv. Babasaheb
Wasade of this institute for providing us with the necessary infrastructure and facilities
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ABSTRACT:

A sustainable transportation system is designed to meet current mobility needs without

compromising the ability of future generations to fulfill their own. It integrates economic
efficiency, environmental responsibility, and social equity to create a balanced approach to
transportation.

Key elements include promoting public transit, cycling, and walking; reducing dependency
on fossil fuels through the adoption of electric and alternative-fuel vehicles; and
implementing smart infrastructure and urban planning. Sustainable transportation
minimizes environmental impact by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, air and noise
pollution, and energy consumption.

It also enhances social well-being by improving accessibility, reducing traffic congestion,

and fostering inclusive mobility options. By adopting innovative technologies and policies,
such as intelligent transportation systems and carbon pricing, societies can transition
toward a cleaner, more efficient, and equitable transportation framework. Achieving
sustainable transportation requires collaborative efforts across governments, industries, and
communities, making it a cornerstone for sustainable urban development and global
climate action.

A sustainable transportation system meets current mobility needs while preserving

resources for future generations. It emphasizes reducing environmental impacts through
clean energy, efficient public transit, and active transportation options like cycling and
walking.

By integrating smart infrastructure, inclusive policies, and innovative technologies, it

enhances accessibility, reduces emissions, and supports economic growth. Sustainable
transportation is essential for fostering healthier communities, mitigating climate change,
and promoting equitable urban development.
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INTRODUCTION:

Transportation plays a substantial role in the modern world it provides tremendous

benefits to society and imposes high economic, social, and environmental costs.
Sustainable transport planning requires integrating environmental, social, and economic
factors to develop optimal solutions to our many pressing issues, especially carbon
emissions and climate change.

This study explores sustainable development and transportation concepts, describes

practical techniques for a comprehensive evaluation, provides tools for multi-modal
transport planning, and presents innovative mobility management solutions to
transportation problems.

A sustainable transport system must provide mobility and accessibility to all urban
residents in a safe and environment friendly mode of transport. This is a complex and
difficult task when the needs and demands of people belonging to different income
groups are not only different but also often conflicting.

Sustainable Transportation System is one of the most important elements of a sustainable

and livable city. Approaches to developing sustainable urban transportation systems will
assist the achievement of a sustainable city. The current transportation systems all over
the world are headed on an unsustainable path.

This is evidenced by thousands of deaths and injuries in road accidents; human health
impacts and agricultural damage from ground level. Air pollution; climate change
impacts of greenhouse gas emissions; non-renewable fuel resources; noise, vibration and
water pollution impacts; time lost, inconvenience and environmental impacts of traffic
congestions; increasing time and distance and many other undesirable impacts of trends
in transportation.

It is premised that if the urban transportation systems could be adapted and put on a
sustainable trend, it will greatly contribute to making our cities sustainable.
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LITERATURE SURVEY:

1Campbell, B. J. (1992). Safety versus Mobility. IATSS Reaserch 149-156.

 In this paper we discuss some of the issues concerning public transport, safety and
the environment. It illustrate that unless the needs of non-motorised modes of
traffic are met it will be almost impossible to design any sustainable
transportation system for urban areas. We show that pedestrians, bicyclists and
non-motorisesd rickshas are the most critical elements in mixed traffic. If the
infrastructure design does not meet the requirements of these elements all modes
of transport operate in sub-optimal condition. However, it is possible to redesign
the existing roads to provide a safer and more convenient environment for non-
motorised modes. This also results in improved efficiency of public transport
vehicles and enhanced capacity of the corridor when measured in number of
passengers transported per hour per lane.

2.Tiwari, G., Mohan, D, and Fazio, J. (1997). Conflict Analysis for Prediction of
Fatal Crashes Locations in Mixed Traffic Streams. Accident Analysis and
Prevention, 30:2, 207216.

 This paper reports the results of a study that explored the relationship between
fatal crashes and conflict rates at mid-block on 14 locations in Delhi, India. All
locations had a mix of motorized and non-motorized traffic. The sites were
selected to represent low, medium and high fatality rates. The analysis was done
in two stages. The first stage used recent 3-year statistics along the entire street.
The second stage focused on each fatal crash for mid-block segments on those
streets.

3.Chawla, A., Sharma, V., Mohan, D. and Kajzer, J. (1998). Safer truck front design
for pedestrian impacts. Proceedings 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the
Biomechanics of Impact. Bron, France: IRCOBI. 407-424.

 Truck and bus frontal impacts account for a major proportion of pedestrian fatalities in
many less motorized countries. To understand this phenomenon, we have collected injury
data on pedestrian impacts with buses and trucks and performed computer simulations to
identify critical design parameters at 15–45 km/h impact velocities for further
investigation.
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4.Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics, DOT

BTS-VNTSC-95-4, Washington DC, USA, 1995.

 A transportation system, which allows high level of accessibility and mobility

without the negative impacts, is not only desirable but also essential if the human
survival is to be assured. Fortunately it is technologically feasible but government
policies and social attitudes would require significant changes if the vision of
sustainabiliry has to be turned to accomplishment.

5.Tiwari, G. (1999). Road Designs for Improving Traffic Flow: A Bicycle Master
Plan for Delhi. New Delhi: TRIPP, Indian Institute of Technology.

 The paper "Road Designs for Improving Traffic Flow: A Bicycle Master Plan for
Delhi" by G. Tiwari (1999) focuses on the development of a sustainable and
efficient transportation framework in Delhi, particularly emphasizing the
integration of bicycles into urban planning. It outlines strategies to improve traffic
flow and reduce congestion by promoting non-motorized transport (NMT).

6.Replogle, M. (1991). Nonmotorized Vehicles in Asia. Washington, D.C.: The World

Bank.

 The publication "Nonmotorized Vehicles in Asia" by Michael Replogle (1991),

produced by The World Bank, explores the significant role of nonmotorized
vehicles (NMVs) in the transportation systems of Asian countries. It highlights
their socio-economic, environmental, and urban mobility contributions while
addressing challenges and policy implications for their integration into
modernizing transport systems.

7.SACTRA (1994). Trunk Roads and the Generation of Traffic. London, U.K.: Department
of Transport.

 The report "Trunk Roads and the Generation of Traffic" by the Standing Advisory
Committee on Trunk Road Assessment (SACTRA), published in 1994 by the
U.K. Department of Transport, investigates the relationship between the
development of trunk roads (major highways) and the generation of additional
traffic. It provides a comprehensive analysis of how road infrastructure projects
influence traffic patterns and volumes.
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8.Surface Transportation Policy Project (1998). An Analysis of the Relationship Between

Highway Expansion and Congestion in Metropolitan Areas: Lessons from the 15Year
Texas Transportation Institute Study. Washington, DC , U.S.A.: Surface Transportation
Policy Project.

 The report "An Analysis of the Relationship Between Highway Expansion and
Congestion in Metropolitan Areas: Lessons from the 15-Year Texas
Transportation Institute Study" (1998), published by the Surface Transportation
Policy Project, critically examines the effectiveness of highway expansion as a
solution to traffic congestion in U.S. metropolitan areas.

9.RITES (1998). Route Rationalisation and Time Table Formulation Study for Bus System
of Delhi. Delhi, India: Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

 The RITES (1998) Route Rationalisation and Time Table Formulation Study for
the bus system of Delhi was conducted to improve the efficiency and
effectiveness of the public transportation network in the National Capital
Territory of Delhi. The study aimed to address critical issues like route overlaps,
service inefficiencies, and increasing operational costs in the city's bus system.

10.Integrating Strategies for Safety and Environment (1997). IRRD No. 892068. Paris:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

 The "Integrating Strategies for Safety and Environment" report, published by

the OECD in 1997, explores the critical intersection of road safety and
environmental sustainability in transport planning and policy-making.
Recognizing that transportation systems significantly influence both public safety
and environmental health, the report advocates for integrated strategies to
address these interconnected challenges.

11.STILL ONLY ONE EARTH: BRIEF #19 The road to Sustainable Transport ;
Leila Mead, MAY 2021 : ( SUNITA NARAIN) INDIAN ENVIRONMENTALIST:-

 The paper says that the COVID-19 pendamic presents a unique opportunity to
transforms transportation systems. Response to recovery efforts including
stimulus packages to restart economies harmed by global lockdowns, could
improve both the environment and human health if they are aligned with low
carbon developments pathways.
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12.Proceedings of 3rd International Sustainable Buildings Symposium (ISBS 2017)

S. FIRAT, K JOHN, Abid Abu-tair ; the historical development of sustainable
transportation system

 The concept of sustainability was first defined in the “ Brundtland Report”

published in 1987. The first report in which transportation was addressed with
regards to sustainability was the European Union Report On “ the future
development of the common transport policy” published in 1992. This report
involved subjects such as minimization of private car usage, promoting the use of
clean fuel, and development of public projects in order to encourage people to walk
and drive bicycles.
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AIM:

The aim of a sustainable transportation system is to provide safe, efficient, and equitable
mobility for people and goods while minimizing negative environmental, social, and
economic impacts. It seeks to meet the needs of present and future generations by
balancing the following key objectives:

1. Environmental Sustainability:

 Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.

 Conserve natural resources and minimize the environmental footprint.
 Promote the use of renewable energy and eco-friendly modes of transportation.

2. Economic Efficiency:

 Enhance accessibility and connectivity to support economic growth.

 Minimize costs for users and infrastructure development.
 Optimize resource allocation and reduce congestion to improve productivity.

3. Social Equity:

 Ensure access to affordable and reliable transportation for all, including

underserved populations.
 Promote inclusivity, safety, and well-being for diverse communities.
 Reduce health risks and enhance the quality of life through improved urban
planning.

4. Resilience and Adaptability:

 Build infrastructure that can withstand environmental and socio-economic

challenges, such as climate change and population growth.
 Foster innovation in technology, such as smart mobility and autonomous
systems, to adapt to evolving needs
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OBJECTIVES:

The objectives of project are as follows:

Environmental Protection: Reduce emissions, conserve energy, and promote eco-

friendly transport modes.

Economic Efficiency: Ensure cost-effective, reliable, and resource-efficient mobility

systems.

Social Equity: Provide accessible, safe, and affordable transportation for all
demographics.

Health and Safety: Minimize accidents, reduce pollution-related health issues, and
encourage active transportation like walking and cycling.

Resilience: Develop adaptable and durable infrastructure to withstand future

challenges like climate change and urbanization.
Integrate public transport, non-motorized transport (walking and cycling), and shared
mobility solutions.
Develop seamless intermodal connections to improve travel efficiency.
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METHODOLOGY:

The methodology of sustainable transportation involves a structured approach to

designing, implementing, and managing transportation systems that balance
environmental, social, and economic goals. This methodology combines strategic
planning, stakeholder engagement, and evidence-based decision-making to ensure long-
term sustainability. Here are the key steps and methods:

1.Goal Setting and Vision Development

Define Objectives: Clearly outline goals aligned with sustainability principles (e.g.,
reducing emissions, enhancing accessibility).

Set Targets: Establish measurable outcomes like carbon reduction targets or modal
share percentages.

Align with Global Frameworks: Integrate with frameworks such as the UN

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

2.Data Collection and Analysis

Baseline Assessment: Collect data on current transportation infrastructure, usage

patterns, emissions, and socio-economic impacts.

Geospatial Mapping: Use GIS tools to analyze land-use patterns, mobility gaps, and
potential corridors for intervention.

Demand Forecasting: Employ models to predict future travel demand and assess the
impact of interventions.
3.Stakeholder Engagement

Involve Stakeholders: Engage policymakers, urban planners, communities, and

businesses in the planning process.

Public Participation: Facilitate public consultations to incorporate local needs and

preferences.

Collaboration: Build partnerships between government agencies, private sectors, and

NGOs
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4.Sustainable Infrastructure Planning

Multi-Modal Design: Plan for an integrated network of public transit, walking, cycling,
and shared mobility options.

Green Infrastructure: Incorporate eco-friendly materials, renewable energy, and nature-

based solutions in transport projects.

Smart Cities Integration: Utilize technology such as IoT and AI for traffic
management and real-time data monitoring.

5.Policy and Economic Instruments

Regulatory Frameworks: Implement policies like emission standards, congestion

pricing, and urban growth boundaries.

Incentives and Subsidies: Offer incentives for electric vehicles, carpooling, and
public transit use.

Funding Mechanisms: Secure financing through public-private partnerships, green

bonds, and international grants.

6.Implementation and Monitoring

Pilot Projects: Start with small-scale implementations to test feasibility and gather feedback.

Performance Indicators: Use metrics such as reduction in emissions, travel time savings,
and mode shift percentages to evaluate progress.

Feedback Loops: Continuously update plans based on monitoring results and stakeholder
input.

7.Promotion and Awareness

Behavioral Change Campaigns: Educate the public about sustainable transportation benefits
and encourage modal shifts.

Community Programs: Introduce car-free days, bike-sharing schemes, and public transit
promotions
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8.Long-Term Resilience Planning

Climate Adaptation: Ensure infrastructure resilience to climate impacts like flooding

and extreme weather.

Technological Innovation: Incorporate emerging technologies like autonomous vehicles

and renewable energy systems.

Sustainability Audits: Periodically review the system’s sustainability and make

necessary adjustments.
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Merits

Sustainable transportation offers numerous benefits across environmental, social, and

economic dimensions. Here are some key merits:

Environmental Merits

1) Reduced Carbon Emissions: Promotes lower greenhouse gas emissions through

cleaner energy sources and efficient systems like public transit and electric
vehicles.
2) Improved Air Quality: Reduces air pollution by minimizing reliance on fossil fuel-
powered vehicles.
3) Conservation of Resources: Encourages the use of renewable energy and efficient
resource utilization, reducing environmental degradation.
4) Biodiversity Protection: Limits infrastructure sprawl and its adverse impacts on
natural habitats.

Social Merits

1) Enhanced Public Health: Encourages walking, cycling, and cleaner air, which
positively impact physical and mental health.
2) Increased Accessibility: Ensures mobility for all, including those without
private vehicles, improving equity.
3) Reduced Traffic Congestion: Promotes alternatives like public transit and
carpooling, resulting in smoother urban movement.
4) Improved Quality of Life: Quieter, cleaner streets enhance urban live ability.

Economic Merits

1) Cost Savings: Reduces expenditure on fuel and vehicle maintenance, and

decreases infrastructure costs over time.
2) Energy Independence: Reduces reliance on imported fossil fuels, benefiting
national economies.
3) Job Creation: Development of green transportation technologies creates new
industries and employment opportunities
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SCOPE OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION:

The scope of sustainable transportation encompasses a wide range of activities and

initiatives aimed at developing systems that are environmentally responsible, socially
equitable, and economically viable. Here’s a brief overview:

1.Environmental Scope:

I. Emission Reduction: Decreasing greenhouse gas emissions from

transportation.

II. Energy Efficiency: Promoting renewable energy and reducing fossil fuel
dependency.

III. Resource Conservation: Using eco-friendly materials and minimizing

resource consumption.

IV. Biodiversity Preservation: Designing transport infrastructure that minimizes

ecological disruption.

2.Social Scope:

I. Equity and Accessibility: Ensuring transportation services are affordable and

accessible to all, including marginalized communities.

II. Safety: Reducing road accidents and enhancing the safety of all users,
including pedestrians and cyclists.

III. Public Health: Mitigating air and noise pollution to improve public well-
being.

IV. Community Connectivity: Fostering inclusive and cohesive urban spaces

through well-designed transport systems.

3.Economic Scope:

I. Cost Efficiency: Reducing transportation costs for users and operators.

II. Economic Growth: Enhancing mobility to support trade, employment, and

regional development.

III. Innovation and Technology: Adopting smart and sustainable transport

technologies like EVs, autonomous systems, and ITS (Intelligent Transport
Systems).
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4.Policy and Governance Scope:

I. Integrated Planning: Coordinating transport policies with urban,

environmental, and economic strategies.

II. International Goals: Contributing to global objectives like the Paris

Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

III. Regulations and Incentives: Implementing policies for greener modes of

transport and discouraging high-emission practice
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FIGURES:

Fig no1:-Moving towards green and sustainable transport

Fig no2:- Eco vehicles in urban mobility

Fig no3:- A bicycle way of transportation

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Fig no4:- Pyramid of Sustainable transformation

Fig no5:-Sustainable Transportation and Mobility

Solution in future.

Fig no6:- Green Transportation.

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REFERENCES:
1Campbell, B. J. (1992). Safety versus Mobility. IATSS Reaserch 149-156.

2.Tiwari, G., Mohan, D, and Fazio, J. (1997). Conflict Analysis for Prediction of Fatal
Crashes Locations in Mixed Traffic Streams. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 30:2,
207216.

3.Chawla, A., Sharma, V., Mohan, D. and Kajzer, J. (1998). Safer truck front design for
pedestrian impacts. Proceedings 1998 International IRCOBI Conference on the
Biomechanics of Impact. Bron, France: IRCOBI. 407-424.

4.Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics, DOT BTS-

VNTSC-95-4, Washington DC, USA, 1995.

5.Tiwari, G. (1999). Road Designs for Improving Traffic Flow: A Bicycle Master Plan
for Delhi. New Delhi: TRIPP, Indian Institute of Technology.

6.Replogle, M. (1991). Nonmotorized Vehicles in Asia. Washington, D.C.: The World

Bank.
7.SACTRA (1994). Trunk Roads and the Generation of Traffic. London, U.K.:
Department of Transport.

8.Surface Transportation Policy Project (1998). An Analysis of the Relationship Between

Highway Expansion and Congestion in Metropolitan Areas: Lessons from the 15Year
Texas Transportation Institute Study. Washington, DC , U.S.A.: Surface Transportation
Policy Project.

9.RITES (1998). Route Rationalisation and Time Table Formulation Study for Bus
System of Delhi. Delhi, India: Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

10.Integrating Strategies for Safety and Environment (1997). IRRD No. 892068. Paris:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

11.Blue, E (2013),Bikenomics: How bicycling can save the economy, 2 nd ed. Microsom
Publishing

12.Goldman T. Gorham R(2006) Sustainable urban transport: four innovative directions. Technol
Soc 28:261-273
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