LABORATORY 1

EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT

OBJECTIVES:
 Know how to use Analog Discovery Studio Kit and Software, Lab Instrument.
 Know how to read resistor color codes and use VOM to measure resistor.
 Understand voltage and current properties in series and parallel circuit.
 Understand using KCL and KVL to analyze circuit.

PREPARATION:
 Understand LAB0 and get the prelab done before coming to the LAB session.

WARNING:
Never use 100-ohm resistor in any laboratory.

Group 1
Huỳnh Hữu Lộc 2251028
Lê Thiên Sơn 2251047
Trần Minh Tuấn 2251057

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT
EXPERIMENT 1:
OBJECTIVES:
 Read and verify Resistor values from Tolerance color band and VOM.

PROCEDURES:
 Choose 7 random different types of resistors in the instrument box. Read the values
of these resistors by color codes and verify its “real” values using VOM (R1, R2, R3,
R4, R5, R6, R7).
 Read the maximum value of potentiometer and fill Read row in Table 1.
 Measure this maximum value using VOM and fill Measured row in Table 1.
 Include the percent difference between the read and measured value.
Table 1: Values of resistors by color codes and by VOM.

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7

Read 47 x 22 x 56 x 10 33 x 56 x 47 x 22 x
10^2 10^2 10^2 10^3 10^2 10^2

Measured 4.48 x 21.68x 0.544 x 3.16 x 53.3 x 4.49 x 2.13 x

10^3 10^2 10^3 10^3 10^3 10^3 10^3

Differences (%) 4.6% 1.4% 2.8% 4.2% 4.8% 4.8% 3.1%

CHECK:
 Determine the differences between the values from color codes and from VOM. Is
this difference true for the “Tolerance color band” of the resistor?
The result is true as the tolerance of resistor is 5%

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT
EXPERIMENT 2:
OBJECTIVES:
In this lab assignment, we examine the voltage and current properties, equivalent
resistance in a series circuit. We also verify the resistors’ error rate connected in series.

PROCEDURES:
Choose three resistors and construct the circuit shown in Fig. 1. The resistor value: R 1=
…4.48 x 10^3... , R2 = 21.68x 10^2.  and R3 = …0.544 x 10^3

 ...  (As always, measure the actual resistance value).

Fig 1: Circuit of Experiment 2

 Supply power to the circuit by connecting V1 to 5V and V2 to GND on kit.

 Observe the voltage on R1, R2 and R3 using Voltmeter on Waveform and fill Table 2.

 Calculate voltage on R1, R2 and R3 using KVL or voltage devider formula of series
circuit.

 Compare two results together. Calculate a percent difference between the calculate
and measure value. After that, answer these questions.

Table 2: Value of Experiment 2

Voltage R1 R2 R3
Calculate 3.11 V 1.50V 0.37V
Measure 3.15 V 1.53 V 0.36V
Difference in 1.2% 1.96% 2.5%
percentage (%)
CHECK:
 In the space below, calculate the current of R1, R2 and R3.

I1 = 7.03 x 10-4 (A) I3 = 66 x 10-5 (A)

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT
I2 = 0.306 (A)

 Give comment about these three values. Are they the same? Why?

These values are not the same because of the difference in calculate values
and measure values. It should have the same values because the resistor is in
series

 Calculate the equipvalent of the circuit using measure value? Compare with formula
in theory?

I1 = 7.03 x 10-4 (A) I3 = 6.617 x 10-4 (A)

I2 = 7.05 x 10-4 (A)
When calculate current of R1,R2,R3 by using measure value the calculated value
is not the same because of the difference of measure and calculate value in
table 2

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT
EXPERIMENT 3:
OBJECTIVES:
In this lab assignment, we will examine voltage and current properties, equivalent
resistance in a parallel circuit. We will also verify the error rate of resistors connected in
parallel.

PROCEDURES:
Choose four resistors and construct the circuit shown in Fig. 2. The resistor value: R 1=
…4.48 x 10^3... , R2 = 2.13 x 10^3.. , R3 = …0.544 x 10^3...  and R4 = …3.16 x
10^3...  (As always, measure the actual resistance value).

Fig 2: Circuit of Experiment 3

 Supply power to the circuit by connecting V1 to 5V and V2 to GND on kit.

 Observe the voltage on R1, R2, R3 and R4 using Voltmeter on Waveform. From
measure value, calculate the current through R1, R2 and R3 and fill Table 2.
 Calculate current of R1, R2 and R3 using Ohm Law or formula of parallel circuit.
 Compare two results together. Calculate a percent difference between the calculate
and measure value. After that, answer these questions.

Table 2: Value of Experiment 3

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT
Current R1 R2 R3
Calculate 1.23 X 10-4 2.61 X 10-4 1.022 x 10-3
Measure 1.17 X 10-4 2.61 X 10-4 0.001
Difference in 4.87% 0% 2.15%
percentage (%)
CHECK:
 Are the voltage on R1, R2 and R3 the same? In different case, explain why ?

Voltage on R1, R2 and R3 are the same because they are installed in parallel. In
different case, they are not equal because they are not installed in parallel.

 Calculate total current through R1, R2 and R3. Is it the same as the value of current
through R4?

Total current through R1, R2 and R3 is: 1,406 x 10-3

Current through R4 is: (5-U123)/3160 = 1,406 x 10-3

 Calculate the equipvalent of the circuit using measure value? Compare with formula
in theory?

Total current through R1, R2 and R3 is: 1,378 x 10-3

Current through R4 is: 1.405 x 10-3

EXPERIMENT 4:
OBJECTIVES:
In this lab assignment, we will examine voltage and current properties, equivalent
resistance in a mixed circuit.

PROCEDURES:
Choose five resistors and construct the circuit shown in Fig. 3. The resistor value are:
R1= 4.48 x 10^3. , R2 = …21.68x 10^2... , R3 = …0.544 x 10^3... , R4 = …3.16 x
10^3... , R5 = …53.3 x 10^3...  (As always, measure the actual resistance value).

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT

Fig 3: Circuit of Experiment 4

 Supply power to the circuit by connecting V1 to 5V and V2 to GND on kit.

 Observe the voltage on each resistor using Voltmeter on Waveform. From measure
value, calculate the current through each resistor and fill Table 3.
 Calculate voltage and current of each using KVL and KCL.
 Compare two results together. Calculate a percent difference between the calculate
and measure value. After that, answer these questions.

Table 3: Value of Experiment 4

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
Calculate (V) 0.14395 0.06966 0.03137 0.18223 4.78639
Measure (V) 0.14169 0.06833 0.03312 0.17989 4.75789
Calculate (I) 32.13*10^-6 32.13*10^-6 57.67*10^-6 57.67*10^-6 89.8*10^-6
Measure (I) 31.63*10^-6 31.52*10^-6 60.88*10^-6 56.61*10^-6 89.2*10^-6
CHECK:
 Are the measure voltage on each resistor satisfying KVL? In different case, explain
some reason causes error?

No, they are not due to the fact that there is random error, equipment error
(not ideal voltmeters with infinitive resistance)

 Are the measure current on each resistor satisfying KCL? In different case, explain
some reason causes error?

No, they are not due to the fact that there is random error, equipment error
(not ideal voltmeters with infinitive resistance)

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT

 Calculate the equipvalent of the circuit using measure value? Compare with formula
in theory?

In theory, the equivalent resistance of the circuit is: R t = 55678.689 

Using the measure value, the equivalent resistance of the circuit is: Rm =
56053.812 

So Rm > Rt (56053.812  > 55678.689 )

 Measure the voltage between M and N (VMN)? Compare with calculate value using
KVL and KCL?

Calculate value of VMN: -0.112575 V

Measure value of VMN: -0.10945 V

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT
EXPERIMENT 5:
OBJECTIVES:
In this lab assignment, we will examine voltage and current properties, equivalent
resistance in a mixed circuit.

PROCEDURES:
 Choose five resistors and construct the circuit shown in Fig. 4. The resistor value are:
R1= 4.48 x 10^3, R2 = 21.68x 10^2, R3 = …0.544 x 10^3... , R4 = …3.16 x 10^3...
, R5 = 53.3 x 10^3, R6 = 4.49 x 10^3 (As always, measure the actual resistance
value).

Fig 4: Circuit of Experiment 5

 Supply power to the circuit by connecting V1 to 5V and V2 to GND on kit.

 Observe the voltage on each resistor using Voltmeter on Waveform. From measure
value, calculate the current through each resistor and fill Table 4.
 Calculate voltage and current of each using KVL and KCL.
 Compare two results together. Calculate a percent difference between the calculate
and measure value. After that, answer these questions.
Table 4: Value of Experiment 5

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
Calculate (V) 0.107 0.086 36 x 10-3 0.158 4.8 0.072
Measure (V) 0.1 0.075 36 x 10-3 0.15 4.72 0.07
Calculate (I) 23 x 10-6 4 x 10-5 66 x 10-6 5 x 10-5 9 x 10-5 16 x 10-6
Measure (I) 223 x 10-7 34 x 10-6 66 x 10-6 47 x 10-6 88 x 10-6 15 x 10-6

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics
 LABORATORY 1
EXAMINE RESISTOR AND SIMPLE CIRCUIT
CHECK:
 Are the measure voltage on each resistor satisfying KVL? In different case, explain
some reason causes error?

No, they are not due to the fact that there is random error, equipment error
(not ideal voltmeters with infinitive resistance)

 Are the measure current on each resistor satisfying KCL? In different case, explain
some reason causes error?

No, they are not due to the fact that there is random error, equipment error
(not ideal voltmeters with infinitive resistance)

 Calculate the equipvalent of the circuit using measure value? Compare with formula
in theory

In theory, the equivalent resistance of the circuit is: Rt = 53333 

Using the measure value, the equivalent resistance of the circuit is: Rm=53636


 Measure the voltage between M and N (VMN)? Compare with calculate value using
KVL and KCL?

Measure Voltage : 0.07V

Caculate Voltage : 0,072V

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Laboratory Intro to ECE Department of Electronics