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Lightning_Arresters_Presentation

Lightning arresters are non-linear protective devices that safely divert overvoltage surges to ground, ensuring system reliability and insulation coordination. They operate with high impedance during normal conditions and low impedance during surges, featuring various types including Metal Oxide Surge Arresters which are favored in modern grids. Proper installation and coordination with relays enhance protection against overvoltages, extending equipment lifespan and reducing outages.

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Muhammad Sharjeel
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6 views16 pages

Lightning_Arresters_Presentation

Lightning arresters are non-linear protective devices that safely divert overvoltage surges to ground, ensuring system reliability and insulation coordination. They operate with high impedance during normal conditions and low impedance during surges, featuring various types including Metal Oxide Surge Arresters which are favored in modern grids. Proper installation and coordination with relays enhance protection against overvoltages, extending equipment lifespan and reducing outages.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Sharjeel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lightning Arresters: Theory,

Application & Protection Role


Introduction to Lightning Arresters

• Non-linear protective devices for electrical


systems.
• Divert overvoltage surges safely to ground.
• Essential for insulation coordination and
system reliability.
Overvoltages in Power Systems

• Caused by: Lightning, switching, load


rejection.
• May cause insulation breakdown and system
damage.
• Relays & breakers clear faults; arresters limit
surge voltage.
Working Principle

• High impedance during normal operation.


• Low impedance during overvoltage; diverts
surge to ground.
• Returns to high impedance post-discharge.
Components of Lightning Arresters

• Non-linear resistors (Metal Oxide Varistors -


MOV).
• Ground terminal for discharge.
• Series gaps (older designs).
Types of Lightning Arresters

• Rod Gap, Horn Gap, Expulsion Type, Valve


Type, Metal Oxide (ZnO).
• Modern grids favor gapless Metal Oxide Surge
Arresters.
Rod Gap Arresters

• Simple air-gap discharge device.


• Protects low-voltage systems.
• Manual gap setting, weather dependent.
Horn Gap Arresters

• Arc self-extinguishes due to rising heated


gases.
• Applied on distribution systems.
• Sensitive to environmental conditions.
Expulsion Type Arresters

• Fiber tube with gas venting action.


• Medium voltage systems.
• Maintenance-intensive (replaceable tubes).
Valve Type Arresters

• Spark gaps + non-linear resistors.


• For high-voltage substations.
• Being replaced by ZnO arresters in modern
systems.
Metal Oxide Surge Arresters (ZnO)

• Gapless design; very fast response.


• Lower residual voltages, high reliability.
• Standard for EHV and UHV networks.
Coordination with Insulation &
Relays

• Works with relays and breakers for total


protection.
• Proper coordination reduces insulation stress.
• Helps ensure stable, reliable system operation.
Arrester Location Strategy

• Located at: substations, transformers, cable


terminations.
• Works in tandem with breakers & surge
counters.
• Critical for fault management & system
continuity.
Advantages of Lightning Arresters

• Protects against dangerous overvoltages.


• Extends equipment lifespan.
• Reduces outages and enhances operational
safety.
Conclusion

• First line of defense in power systems.


• Correct selection and installation are critical.
• Ensures equipment safety, system reliability.
References

• Power System Relaying - Horowitz & Phadke.


• IEEE C62.11-2020 for Metal-Oxide Surge
Arresters.
• ABB, Siemens, Schneider Electric Technical
Docs.

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