252 Permutations and Combinations

1. The number of ways in which five identical balls can be 8. In a certain test a i students gave wrong answers to at least
distributed among ten identical boxes such that no box i questions where i  1, 2, 3, ...... k . No student gave more
contains more than one ball, is [IIT 1973]
than k wrong answers. The total numbers of wrong
10 ! answers given is [IIT 1982]
(a) 10 ! (b)
5! (a) a1  2 a 2  3 a 3  ....... ka k
10 ! (b) a1  a2  a3  .......... ...  ak
(c) (d) None of these
(5 !) 2
(c) Zero
2. Eight chairs are numbered 1 to 8. Two women and three (d) None of these
men wish to occupy one chair each. First the women choose
9. Six ‘X's have to be placed in the square of the figure such
the chairs from amongst the chairs marked 1 to 4 and then
that each row contains at least one X. In how many different
men select the chairs from amongst the remaining. The ways can this be done [IIT 1978, 89]
number of possible arrangements is
[IIT 1982, 89; Pb. CET 2000]
6
(a) C 3 4 C 2 (b) 4
C 2  4 P3
4
(c) P2 4 P3 (d) None of these

3. The sides AB, BC, CA of a triangle ABC have respectively 3, 4

and 5 points lying on them. The number of triangles that (a) 28 (b) 27
can be constructed using these points as vertices is (c) 26 (d) None of these
[IIT 1984] 10. A committee of 12 is to be formed from 9 women and 8 men
in which at least 5 women have to be included in a
(a) 205 (b) 220 committee. Then the number of committees in which the
(c) 210 (d) None of these women are in majority and men are in majority are
respectively [IIT 1994]
4. P, Q, R and S have to give lectures to an audience. The
(a) 4784, 1008 (b) 2702, 3360
organiser can arrange the order of their presentation in
(c) 6062, 2702 (d) 2702, 1008
[BIT Ranchi 1991; Pb. CET 1991]
11. There are 10 lamps in a hall. Each one of them can be
(a) 4 ways (b) 12 ways switched on independently. The number of ways in which
(c) 256 ways (d) 24 ways the hall can be illuminated is [Roorkee 1990]

5. Let A be a set containing 10 distinct elements. Then the total (a) 10 2 (b) 1023
number of distinct functions from A to A , is [MNR 1992] (c) 2 10
(d) 10 !
(a) 10 ! (b) 10 10 12. If the letters of the word KRISNA are arranged in all
possible ways and these words are written out as in a
(c) 2 10 (d) 2 10  1 dictionary, then the rank of the word KRISNA is
6. How many numbers can be made with the help of the digits (a) 324 (b) 341
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 which are greater than 3000 (repetition is not (c) 359 (d) None of these
allowed) [IIT 1976] 13. The total number of seven digit numbers the sum of whose
digits is even is
(a) 180 (b) 360
(a) 9000000 (b) 4500000
(c) 1380 (d) 1500
(c) 8100000 (d) None of these
7. How many words can be made from the letters of the word 14. The number of ways in which the following prizes be given
INSURANCE, if all vowels come together to a class of 20 boys, first and second Mathematics, first and
[Dhanbad Engg. 1971] second Physics, first Chemistry and first English is
(a) 18270 (b) 17280 (a) 20 4  19 2 (b) 20 3  19 3
(c) 12780 (d) None of these (c) 20 2  19 4 (d) None of these
 Permutations and Combinations 253

n n 18. A lady gives a dinner party for six guests. The number of ways
 
1 r
15. If a n  n
then n
equals [IIT 1998] in which they may be selected from among ten friends, if two
r 0
Cr r 0
Cr of the friends will not attend the party together is [DCE 2001]
(a) (n  1) a n (a) 112
(b) na n (b) 140
(c) 164
1
(c) na n (d) None of these
2
19. In how many ways a team of 10 players out of 22 players
(d) None of these
can be made if 6 particular players are always to be
n 1 n 1
16. C3  C 4  n C 3, then the value of n is [RPET 2000] included and 4 particular players are always excluded[RPET 2002]
22 18
(a) 7 (b) < 7 (a) C 10 (b) C3
(c) > 7 (d) None of these (c) 12
C4 (d) 18
C4
17. We are to form different words with the letters of the word
INTEGER. Let m 1 be the number of words in which I and N 20. There are n distinct points on the circumference of a circle.
The number of pentagons that can be formed with these
are never together and m 2 be the number of words which
points as vertices is equal to the number of possible triangles.
begin with I and end with R, then m 1 / m 2 is equal to Then the value of n is [AMU 2002]
[AMU 2000] (a) 7 (b) 8
(a) 30 (b) 60 (c) 15 (d) 30
(c) 90 (d) 180

(SET - 6)
 254 Permutations and Combinations

1. (c) Out of 10 boxes we have to choose only 5 boxes But this includes the possibility that either the top
because the balls are identical and the boxes are also horizontal row does not have any X or the bottom
identical (but they can occupy different places), the horizontal has no X . Since we want each row must
10 ! have at least one X , these two possibilities are to be
required number of ways  10 C 5  .
(5 !) 2 excluded. Hence required number of ways are
28  2  26 .
4
2. (d) Required number of ways are = P2  6 P3 .
10. (d) The number of ways in which at least 5 women can be
{After selecting by women there are 6 chairs included in a committee is
remaining}.
9
C 5  8 C 7  9 C 6  8 C 6  9 C 7 8 C 5  9 C 8  8 C 4  9 C 9 8 C 3
3. (a) In all there are 3 + 4+ 5 = 12 points in a plane.
The number of required triangles = (The number of  1008  2352  2016  630  56  6062 ways
triangles formed by these 12 points) – (The number of (i) The women are in majority in
triangles formed by the collinear points)
(2016  630  56 )  2702 cases.
= 12 C 3  (3 C 3  4 C3  5 C 3 )  220  (1  4  10 )  205 .
(ii) Men are in majority in 1008 cases.
4
4. (d) The arrangement can be done in P4  24 ways.
11. (b) 2 10  1  1023 ,  1 corresponds to none of the lamps is
5. (b) Total number of distinct functions from A to A are being switched on.
n r i.e . 10 10 . 12. (a) Words starting from A are 5 ! = 120
6. (c) All the 5 digit numbers and 6 digit numbers are greater
Words starting from I are 5 ! = 120
than 3000. Therefore number of 5 digit numbers
Words starting from KA are 4 ! = 24
 6 P5  5 P5  600 .
Words starting from KI are 4 ! = 24
{Since the case that 0 will be at ten thousand place
should be omit}. Words starting from KN are 4 ! = 24

Similarly number of 6 digit numbers 6 !  5 !  600 . Words starting from KRA are 3 ! = 6

Now the numbers of 4 digit numbers which are greater Words starting from KRIA are 2 ! = 2
than 3000, having 3, 4 or 5 at first place, this can be Words starting from KRIN are 2 ! = 2
done in 3 ways and remaining 3 digit may be filled from
Words starting from KRISA are 1 ! = 1
remaining 5 digits i.e . required number of 4 digit
numbers are 5
P3  3  180 . Hence total required Words starting from KRISNA are 1 ! = 1

number of numbers  600  600  180  1380 . Hence rank of the word KRISNA is 324.

7. (d) IUAENSRNC 13. (b) Suppose x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 represents a seven digit

Obviously required number of words are number. Then x 1 takes the value 1, 2, 3, ........, 9 and

6! x 2 , x 3 ,... x 7 all take values 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., 9.

 4 !  8640 .
2!
If we keep x 1 , x 2 ,......, x 6 fixed, then the sum
8. (b) Total number of wrong answers x 1  x 2  .....  x 6 is either even or odd. Since x 7
 1(a1  a2 )  2(a2  a3 )  ......  (k  1)(ak 1  ak )  ka k takes 10 values 0, 1, 2, ..., 9, five of the numbers so
formed will be even and 5 odd.
 a1  a 2  .......  a k .
Hence the required number of numbers
9. (c) In all, we have 8 squares in which 6 X ' s have to be
 9 . 10 . 10 . 10 . 10 . 10 . 5  4500000 .
placed and it can be done in 8 C 6  28 ways.
14. (a) Four first prizes can be given in 20 4 ways since first
prize of Mathematics can be given in 20 ways, first
 Permutations and Combinations 255

prize of Physics also in 20 ways, similarly first prizes of n

C4 n3
Chemistry and English can be given in 20 ways each. n
1 1n 7 .
C3 4
(Note that a boy can stand first in all the four subjects).
Then two second prizes can be given in 19 2 ways since 17. (a) We have 5 letters other than ‘ I ’ and ‘N ’ of which two
a boy cannot get both the first and second prizes. are identical (E’s). We can arrange these letters in a
5!
Hence the required number of ways  20 4  19 2 . line in ways. In any such arrangement, ‘I’ and ‘N’ can
2!
n 6
be placed in 6 available gaps in P2 ways, so required

1
15. (c) Given a n  n
r 0
Cr 5! 6
number  . P2  m 1 . Now, if word start with ‘ I ’ and
2!
n


r end with ‘R’ then the remaining letters are 5. So total
Let b n  n
r 0
Cr 5!
no. of ways   m2
2!
0 1 2 n
Then b n  n
 n
 n
 ........  n
C0 C1 C2 Cn m 1 5! 6! 2!
  . .  30 .
m2 2! 4 ! 5!
n n 1 n  2 0
and bn  n
 n  n  ....  n
C0 C1 C2 Cn 18. (b) Either 6 selected out of 8 or one from 2 and 5 from 8
 8 C 6  2 C1  8 C 5  140 .
[ n C 0  n C n , n C 1  n C n 1 ..... as n C r  n C n r ]
19. (c) 6 particular players are always to be included and 4 are
n n n
By adding 2bn  n  n  ......  n always excluded so total no. of selection, now,4
C0 C1 Cn 12
players out of 12, hence number of ways = C4 .
 1 1 1 1 
 n n  n  n  ......  n   2bn  nan 20. (b) n
C5  n C3  n  8 .
 C 0 C1 C2 Cn 

1
 bn  na n
2

***

n 1
16. (c) C 3  n 1 C 4  n C 3  n C 4  n C 3