Child Abuse and Neglect - 3rd Edition

Visit the link below to download the full version of this book:

https://medipdf.com/product/child-abuse-and-neglect-3rd-edition/

Click Download Now

CHILD ABUSE AND
NEGLECT
Third Edition

Monica L. McCoy and Stefanie M. Keen

Third edition published 2022
by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158

and by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

© 2022 Monica L. McCoy and Stefanie M. Keen

The right of Monica L. McCoy and Stefanie M. Keen to be identified as authors of this work
has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission
in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are
used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

First edition published by Psychology Press 2009

Second edition published by Routledge 2014

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: McCoy, Monica L. (Monica Louise), author. | Keen, Stefanie M., author.
Title: Child abuse and neglect / Monica L. McCoy, Stefanie M. Keen. Description: 3rd edition. |
New York, NY : Routledge, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021015623 (print) | LCCN 2021015624 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367404840
(hbk) | ISBN 9780367404871 (pbk) | ISBN 9780429356353 (ebk)
Subjects: LCSH: Child abuse–United States. | Child abuse–Law and legislation–United States.
Classification: LCC HV6626.52 .M336 2022 (print) | LCC HV6626.52 (ebook) | DDC
362.76–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021015623
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021015624

ISBN: 978-0-367-40484-0 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-0-367-40487-1 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-0-429-35635-3 (ebk)

DOI: 10.4324/9780429356353

Typeset in Casion
by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd.
I dedicate this book to my mother, Julie McCoy, and to
the memory of my father, Gary McCoy, who gave me the
priceless gift of a happy childhood.
Monica McCoy

To Hannah and Leah, you are my sunshine.

Stefanie Keen
CONTENTS

Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
About the Authors xiii

PART I
Introduction/Purpose1

1 Introduction 3

2 Risk Factors for Child Maltreatment 21

3 Mandated Reporting 40

PART II
Types of Abuse and Their Effects57

4 Physical Abuse 59

5 Child Neglect 86

6 Psychological Maltreatment 119

7 Sexual Abuse 142

8 Fetal Abuse 179

9 Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome 201

10 Resilience 222

PART III
Legal Issues237

11 Forensic Interviewing of Child Victims 239

12 The Legal System and Child Maltreatment 268

viii Contents
PART IV
What Happens Next291

13 The Maltreated Child and Child Protective Services’ Response 293

14 Preventing Child Maltreatment 319

Abbreviations 337
Glossary 339
References 353
Index 385
PREFACE

Our purpose in writing this book was to create a textbook that was appropriate for an undergraduate course
in Child Abuse and Neglect. There is a demand for this type of information because students preparing to
enter many disciplines (psychology, education, social work, pre-med, etc.) are aware that they will be man-
dated reporters for child maltreatment while also realizing that they are not prepared to meet this obligation.
In order to fulfill this role, students need education about what maltreatment entails, how to recognize and
report it and how the issue is handled by Child Protective Services and the courts. The current research indi-
cates that many professionals who are mandated reporters think that their training in this area has not been
adequate. It is our hope that having a textbook that is grounded in research and the law will provide a more
adequate preparation for those who are now, or who will become, mandated reporters of child maltreatment.

Content
The text is divided into four main sections. In Part I, we provide background information on the problem of
child maltreatment. This includes a brief history of child maltreatment as well as an introduction to some of
the research limitations in the field. The second chapter in Part I covers many of the possible risk factors for
child maltreatment. It is difficult for some students to understand how a parent could harm their own child.
It is our hope that by considering many of the factors a family may be dealing with, students will recognize
how maltreatment can occur, even among families who love their children. The final chapter in Part I covers
mandated reporting in depth. It is good to fully understand what the role of a mandated reporter is before
learning about the different forms of maltreatment, which make up Part II of the text. Chapters 4–9 cover
each type of maltreatment (physical abuse, neglect, psychological maltreatment, sexual abuse, fetal abuse,
and Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome) in detail. For each form of maltreatment, we provide definitions,
estimates of incidence, and possible consequences. As appropriate, we cover issues and controversies that are
relevant to that form of maltreatment. The last chapter in Part II covers the topic of resilience. Despite the
many negative consequences associated with maltreatment that are addressed in Chapters 4–9, some victims
go on to lead normal and even remarkable lives. Part III of the text deals with legal issues related to child
maltreatment. Chapter 11 focuses on forensic interviewing, and Chapter 12 covers the legal system as it
pertains to child maltreatment. Although mandated reporters have less to do with this part of the process, it
is still valuable information for them to have. For instance, knowing how suggestible children are to certain
forms of questioning, should make mandated reporters realize that they should not attempt to interview
children about allegations of maltreatment unless they have been trained to do so. Finally, Part IV of the
book examines what occurs after a report of child maltreatment is made and prevention efforts. Chapter 13
details what happens to a child after a report of child maltreatment has been made to Child Protective
Services. Although mandated reporters are not involved in this process, it is natural to be concerned about
x Preface
what happens after a reporter sets the investigative process in motion. Finally, the last chapter addresses the
more optimistic issue of the prevention of child maltreatment. Although mandated reporters are required
to notice and report child maltreatment, it would be better for everyone if the problem could be prevented.

Learning Tools
The book has several features that have been included to deepen understanding about child maltreatment.
The first time an important term or unfamiliar word appears, it is in bold type, and the definition appears
in the margin. At the end of the book, you will find a glossary of all the terms defined throughout the book.
Many chapters have “Focus on Research Boxes.” This feature allowed us to go into depth about representa-
tive research studies, and to explain research methodologies that students may not be familiar with. We have
also used “Case Examples” throughout the text, some fictional and some real. We have added these for two
reasons. First, students tend to find case studies interesting and easier to grasp than more theoretical mate-
rial. Second, the cases provide you with a starting point to engage in discussion with your classmates about
the many gray areas in this field. Many chapters also contain “Profiles” of professionals working in the field.
These give students information about possible careers in the field while highlighting how much good can
be accomplished by dedicated people. Another learning tool involves instructions to “Search the Web.” The
purpose of these sections is to encourage further reading on certain topics and to guide students to the laws
relevant to their state. Finally, the “Legal Examples” and “Focus on Law” sections explain, in detail, legal
cases, and judicial rulings that have had a significant impact on how child maltreatment cases are handled
by the courts. By studying these cases, we hope students gain a deeper appreciation for the legal complexi-
ties surrounding child maltreatment. At the end of each case example and at the end of every chapter, you
will find discussion questions related to the material you have just read. Thinking about these questions
and discussing your answers with your peers will help to test and expand your knowledge of the material.

New to This Edition

We have made a significant number of changes to this edition in an effort to provide up-to-date informa-
tion and to attempt to cover the wide range of issues related to maltreat. This edition includes:

Updated references to reflect research published after the previous edition

Updated references to the most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (the 5th edition)
Updated APA format to reflect the most recent version of the Publication Manual (the 7th edition)
Updated state and federal laws to reflect new legislation
The addition of Theory Highlight boxes to provide more background information on theories that are
covered in the text.
The addition of Resource Boxes to provide information on valuable resources.
Updated case examples including recent events that captured the public’s attention such as the sexual
abuse scandals within USA Gymnastics, the Boy Scouts of America, and the Southern Baptist
Convention.
An introduction to the understanding of how the coronavirus pandemic of 2020 may have impacted
child maltreatment.

We realize that no textbook can answer all of the questions students will ever have about child maltreat-
ment. However, the goal of this book is to help future mandated reporters be better prepared to meet the
challenges of fulfilling that role.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

A large number of people helped to make this book possible. We would like to take this opportunity to
acknowledge the professional and personal support that we received while working on this book.

Our Professional Colleagues and Institutions

The psychology department at Converse University: Dr. Rich Keen, Dr. Jan LeFrancois, Dr. Marie LePage,
Dr. Shannon Martin, Coach Margaret Moore, and Dr. Chris Varnon. Many thanks for being supportive
throughout this entire process.
Converse University and Provost Jeff Barker, for granting me a sabbatical leave to work on this
edition.
Dr. Narina Nunez and Dr. Jennifer Gray for their feedback and suggestions for additions and revisions.
Dell Morgan, tireless interlibrary loan officer. This edition owes much to his amazing work at tracking
down any and every source I needed.
The Department of Psychology and Center for Child Advocacy Studies at the University of South
Carolina Upstate, I could not have asked for more wonderful colleagues.
Angela Talley Robinson, Program Coordinator for Adult and Child Protective Services with the
Spartanburg County Department of Social Services, for taking the time to talk with us about child protec-
tive services and for helping us to understand the child protection process.

Our Families
A special thanks to Julie McCoy for proofreading and constant encouragement. With gratitude to Jud
Stubbs for his help with pictures, photographs, and all things technical. Thanks too for the support and love
while I worked on this edition.
Thank you to Lynn and Al Dodd, for instilling in me the importance of education and the pursuit of
knowledge. I attribute my love of learning wholly to their influence, and am grateful to them for their guid-
ance in my own educational achievements.
A special thanks also to Rich Keen. His patience and support during this project has been seemingly
endless. Thank you for always being a stable presence and for taking up the slack when I was too immersed
to know which end was up.

Our Reviewers
Further thanks are directed toward the reviewers who made many helpful suggestions during the writing
process.
xii Acknowledgments

Our Publisher
Finally, we would like to thank the professionals at Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis for their assistance
during this project, especially Georgette Enriquez, Ceri McLardy, and Cole Bowman.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Monica L. McCoy
Dr. McCoy is a Professor of Psychology at Converse University in Spartanburg, South Carolina. She earned
her Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology from Grove City College and her Master’s Degree in Experimental
Psychology from Villanova University. She then obtained her PhD in Experimental/developmental
Psychology, with a minor in statistics, from the University of Wyoming. Dr. McCoy currently teaches a broad
range of undergraduate courses including Child Abuse and Neglect, Human Growth and Development,
Statistics and Experimental Design, Social Psychology, and Senior Seminar. Dr. McCoy’s research has
focused on determining what factors have an impact on jurors’ decisions in cases of alleged child maltreat-
ment. She is also interested in exploring what the public knows about child abuse and neglect, and how
mandated reporters become educated about maltreatment. In addition to her work at the college, Dr. McCoy
has served as a guardian ad litem, and she has offered training for others who serve as court advocates for
abused children and for volunteers at the local children’s shelter. She also served on the Board of Directors
for the Children’s Advocacy Center of Spartanburg, Cherokee, and Union Counties.

Stefanie M. Keen
Dr. Keen is a Professor of Psychology at the University of South Carolina Upstate in Spartanburg, South
Carolina. She earned her Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology from the State University of New York at
Binghamton and her Doctoral Degree in Clinical Psychology from Indiana University. Dr. Keen currently
teaches a variety of undergraduate courses including a senior seminar in Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress,
Introduction to Child Maltreatment, Developmental Psychology, and Psychological Disorders. She is also
involved in the education and training of future child welfare advocates through the University of South
Carolina Upstate’s academic minor in Child Advocacy Studies. She is engaged in an active research pro-
gram related to the psychological effects of traumatic stress including child maltreatment, intimate partner
violence, and military-related trauma. Dr. Keen previously worked at the National Center for Posttraumatic
Stress Disorder, within the VA Boston Healthcare System, where she was engaged in both clinical work and
research with military veterans. She served on the board of directors for the Children’s Advocacy Center of
Spartanburg, Cherokee, and Union Counties and is a trained facilitator for Darkness to Light’s Stewards
of Children.